Daniel 3
John Chrysostom · Comentário Patrístico (catena)
Daniel 3:2
The enemy prepares the theater, and the king himself collects the spectators and prepares the lists; a theater too, not of chance persons or of some private individuals but of all those who were honorable and in authority, so that their testimony may be worthy of credit with the multitude. They had come summoned for one thing; but they all departed having beheld another thing. They came in order to worship the image; and they departed, having derided the image and struck with wonder at the power of God through the signs that had taken place with respect to these young men. — HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 4:8
Daniel 3:4
See how the struggles are so difficult, how irresistible is the snare, how deep the valley, and a precipice on either hand. But be not afraid. By whatever means the enemy increases his machinations, so much the more does he make evident the courage of the young men. For this reason is there this symphony of so many musicians; for this reason the burning furnace; in order that both pleasure and fear might attack the souls of those gathered.… Thus was fear as well as pleasure present; the one entering to assault the soul by way of the ears, the other by the eyes. But the noble character of these youths was not by any such means to be conquered. — HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 4:8
Daniel 3:12
Consider along with me the wickedness of those who were their accusers, and how maliciously and bitterly they brought the accusation!… They did not merely mention the nation, but they also bring to mind their [the Jews'] honorable positions, that they may inflame the wrath of the king. It is almost as if they had said, "These slaves, these captives, who are without a city, you have made rulers over us. But they show contempt for such an honor and treat insolently the one who has given them this honor!" They go on then to say, "The Jews whom you have set over the province of Babylon do not obey or serve your gods." The accusation becomes their greatest praise; and the crimes imputed, their encomium; a testimony that is unassailable as it is brought forward by their enemies. — HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 4:8
Daniel 3:13
Then the youths alone are led into the midst; in order that from this also the conquest may become even more illustrious, they alone conquering and being proclaimed victors among so vast a multitude. This courage would not have been so surprising if they had acted courageously at the outset, when no one had fallen prostrate. But the greatest and most astonishing fact was that the multitude of those who fell down neither made them frightened nor made them weak. They did not say to themselves such things as many often do, "If we were first, and the only persons to worship the image, this would have been a sin; but if we do this with so many persons, who will not make allowance? Who will not think us worthy of defense?" But nothing of this sort did they say or think when they beheld the shapes of so many princes.… What does the king do at this point? He commands that they should be brought into the midst, so that he may make them scared in every way. But nothing dismayed them, neither the wrath of the king, nor their being left alone in the midst of so many, nor the sight of the fire, nor the sound of the trumpet nor the whole multitude looking wrathfully at them; for deriding all these things, as if they were about to be cast into a cool fountain of water, they entered the furnace uttering that blessed sentence, "We will not serve your gods." … I have told you this history with good reason that you may learn that whether it is the wrath of a king, or the violence of soldiers, or the envy of enemies, or captivity, or destitution, or fire, or furnace or ten thousand terrors, nothing will work to shame or terrify a righteous person. — HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 4:8-9
Daniel 3:15
But I say all this now, and select all the histories that contain trials and tribulations and the wrath of kings and their evil designs, in order that we may fear nothing except offending God. For then also was there a furnace burning; yet they derided it but feared sin. For they knew that if they were consumed in the fire, they should suffer nothing that was to be dreaded, but if they were guilty of impiety, they should undergo the extremes of misery. It is the greatest punishment to commit sin, though we may remain unpunished; … it is the greatest honor and repose to live virtuously, though we may be punished. — HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 6:14
Daniel 3:16
The reason why I admire those youths and pronounce them blessed and enviable is not because they trampled on the flame and vanquished the force of the fire but because they were bound and cast into the furnace and delivered to the fire for the sake of true doctrine. For this was the whole of their triumph, and the wreath of victory was placed on their brows as soon as they were cast into the furnace. And yet, even before this momentous event, the wreath was woven for them. It was from the moment that they uttered those words as they spoke with such boldness and forthrightness to the king when they were brought into his presence. "We have no need to answer you concerning these things." … After the utterance of these words, I proclaimed them conquerors; after these words, grasping the prize of victory, they hastened on to the glorious crown of martyrdom, following up the confession that they made through their words with the confession made through their deeds. — NONE CAN HARM HIM WHO DOES NOT INJURE HIMSELF 17
Daniel 3:16
Observe that they [the young men] by a special dispensation are ignorant of the future, for if they had foreknown, there would have been nothing wonderful in their doing what they did. For what marvel is it if, when they had a guarantee of safety, they defied all terrors? Then God indeed would have been glorified in that he was able to deliver them from the furnace, but they would not have been wondered at, inasmuch as they would not have cast themselves into dangers. For this reason, he caused them to be ignorant of the future that he might glorify them the more. And as they cautioned the king that he was not to condemn God of weakness though they might be burned, so God accomplished both purposes: manifesting his own power and making even more obvious the zeal of the children.… And so they entered into the fire; manifesting all courage and gentleness and doing nothing for reward or for compensation or return.… We also have already our compensation, for indeed we have it in that we have been given the full knowledge of him, being made members of Christ. — HOMILIES ON 1 CORINTHIANS 28:6
Daniel 3:26
"You servants of the most high God, come forth and come here!" How are they to come forth, O king? Did you not cast them into the fire bound? But because they sang praises to God, they were saved. The fire reverenced their readiness to suffer, and afterwards it reverenced that wonderful song and their hymns of praise. By what title do you then call them? As I noted earlier, "You servants of the most high God." Yes, to the servants of God all things are possible; for if some, who are the servants of people, have, just so, power and authority … much more have the servants of God. He called them by the name most delightful to them; he knew that by this means he flattered them most; for indeed, if it was in order to continue to be servants of God that they entered into the fire, there could be no sound more delightful to them than this. Had he called them kings, had he called them lords of the world, yet he would not have brought them joy as when he called them "servants of the most high God." — HOMILIES ON EPHESIANS 8
Daniel 3:28
Contemplate with me how he [the king] at first proclaims the Arbiter of the contest: "Blessed be God." … This he proclaims as regards the power of God. He speaks also of the virtue of the combatants: "Because they trusted in him." … Could anything equal the virtue of this? Before this, when they said, "We will not serve your gods," he was inflamed more fiercely than the very furnace; but now, when by their deeds they had taught him this, he was so far from being indignant that he praised and admired them for not having obeyed him! So good a thing is virtue that it has even its enemies themselves to applaud and admire it! These young men had fought and conquered, but the vanquished party gave thanks that the sight of the fire had not terrified them but that the hope in their Lord had comforted them.… For this reason he both applauds those who had despised him, and passing by so many governors, kings and princes, those who had obeyed him, he stands in admiration of the three captives and slaves who derided his tyranny! For they did these things not for the sake of contention but for the love of wisdom; not of defiance but of devotion; not being puffed up with pride but on fire with zeal. For great indeed is the blessing of a hope in God. — HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 6:13
Daniel 3:28
"Blessed be God who has sent his angel." … For how can it be otherwise than astonishing for the emperor of the world, with so many arms around him, and legions, and generals, and viceroys, and consuls and land and sea subject to his sway, to be despised by captive children; for the bound to overcome the binder and conquer all that army? Neither was there any power in the king and his company to do what they would, no, not even with the furnaces for an ally. But they who were naked, and slaves, and strangers and few (for what number could be more contemptible than three?), being in chains, vanquished an innumerable army. For already now was death despised, since Christ was henceforth about to sojourn in the world. And as when the sun is on the point of rising, even before his rays appear the light of the day grows bright; so also when the Sun of righteousness was about to come, death henceforth began to withdraw himself. What could be more splendid than that theater? What more conspicuous than that victory? — HOMILIES ON 1 CORINTHIANS 18:5
Daniel 3:29
There is none, there is no remedy better able to destroy sins than to continually recall them and to continually accuse oneself. In this way the publican could cancel his innumerable sins by saying, "God, have mercy on me, a sinner." And thus also the Pharisee remained unjustified because, taking no care to think of his own sins, he condemned everyone else, saying, "I am not like other people, greedy and avaricious, or even like this publican." Thus also Paul exhorted, "Let each one examine his own conduct, and then he will find reason to boast only in himself and not in others." Did you know that even in the Old Testament the righteous accused themselves? Listen to them speak as with one voice. David said, "My iniquities have gone over my head. They oppress me like a heavy burden." And Isaiah cried out, "Woe is me, wretched man, because I am a man of unclean lips!" The three young men, while they were in the furnace and offered their bodies to death for God, counted themselves among the greatest of sinners, saying, "We have sinned, we have done every kind of evil." And yet what was more brilliant, more pure than they? And even if they had committed some sins, the nature of the flames would have cancelled all of them. They did not look at their virtues, however, but thought of their sins. - "On the Obscurity of Prophecies 2.9"