Lucas 11
A.T. Robertson · Citado em PreceptAustin
Lucas 11
Robertson - Jesus had taught them by precept (Matthew 6:7-15) and example (Luke 9:29). Somehow the example of Jesus on this occasion stirred them to fresh interest in the subject and to revival of interest in John's teachings (Luke 5:33). So Jesus gave them the substance of the Model Prayer in Matthew, but in shorter form. Jesus warns us against repetitive prayers. In fact, in the verse immediately proceeding the Lord’s prayer in Matthew 6:7, the King James Version says this: “And when you pray, do not use vain repetitions as the heathen do.” Brian Bill explains why we are not required to recite it - This prayer is recorded twice in Scripture and the wording is different in each prayer. If Jesus was giving us a prayer to be memorized and recited, He would not have given us different words the two times He gave it. The disciples said, “teach us to pray” NOT “teach us a prayer.” It’s one thing to read or deliver a prayer; it’s something else to know how to pray. This prayer is repeated nowhere else in the New Testament. We have no record of believers using this prayer in any of the other prayer passages in the Bible. Clearly, Jesus was not intending to give the disciples some sort of prayer that they could memorize and then just deliver. It’s much deeper than that. Jesus wanted to give His followers a model to follow when addressing God so that we can learn how to pray like Jesus Himself prayed. (Luke 11:1-4 How to Pray the Lord’s Way) Here is Brian Bill's Outline The paternity of prayer: “Father” The priority of prayer: “Hallowed be your name” The program of prayer: “Your kingdom come” The pardon of prayer: “Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us” The protection of prayer: “And lead us not into temptation” Some other things that Jesus did NOT say about prayer - the posture of prayer, the place of prayer, the times you pray. Spurgeon said some pray as “a mere exercise of memory, simply using the organs of noise-making; and it is absurd to imagine that such a parrot exercise can be pleasing to the living God!” (Luke 11 - exposition)
Lucas 11
Robertson - It is a fierce indictment of scribes (lawyers) for their pettifogging interpretations of the written law in their oral teaching (later written down as Mishna and then as Gemara), a terrible load which these lawyers did not pretend to carry themselves, not even "with one of their fingers" to "touch" (prospsauō, old verb but only here in the N.T.), touch with the view to remove. Matthew 23:4 has kinēsai, to move. A physician would understand the meaning of prospsauo for feeling gently a sore spot or the pulse. The lawyers had mastered the art of manipulating the rules so that they themselves were not burdened by them! They were experts in evasion! They were hypocrites, demanding absurd degrees of obedience from the "little" people but bypassing the rules themselves. And of course they never could have obeyed them anyway because they had no spiritual power! They needed a new heart that brought with it new power (See Ezek 36:26-27+) Jesus alluded to their hypocrisy in Mt 23:3 saying: “The scribes and the Pharisees have seated themselves in the chair of Moses; therefore all that they tell you, do and observe (THE THINGS THEY SAY THAT ARE SCRIPTURAL), but do not do according to their deeds; for they say things and do not do them. “They tie up heavy burdens and lay them on men’s shoulders, but they themselves are unwilling to move them with so much as a finger. What a contrast the rules of the legalistic formalists were when compared to the gentle invitation of Jesus to help bear their burdens... “Come to Me, all who are weary and heavy-laden, and I will give you rest. 29 “Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and YOU WILL FIND REST FOR YOUR SOULS. 30 “For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.” (Mt 11:28-30+) Steven
Lucas 11
Robertson - It is a somewhat subtle, but just, argument made here. Outwardly the lawyers build tombs for the prophets whom their fathers (forefathers) killed as if they disapproved what their fathers did. But in reality they neglect and oppose what the prophets teach just as their fathers did. So they are "witnesses" (martures) against themselves (Matthew 23:31). Steven
Lucas 11
Robertson - This is a flat charge of obscurantism on the part of these scribes (lawyers), the teachers (rabbis) of the people. They themselves (autoi) refused to go into the house of knowledge (beautiful figure) and learn. They then locked the door and hid the key to the house of knowledge and hindered (ekōlusate, effective aorist active) those who were trying to enter (tous eiserchomenous, present participle, conative action). It is the most pitiful picture imaginable of blind ecclesiastics trying to keep others as blind as they were, blind leaders of the blind, both falling into the pit. You yourselves did not enter - They could not interpret the Scriptures accurately themselves because they lacked access to the Spirit the Author and Illuminator of the Scriptures. They would enter the Kingdom of God. The parallel passage in Matthew says "you shut off the kingdom of heaven from people." (Mt 23:13) You hindered (koluo) those who were entering - Their additions to the Law hid the truth from their hearers who were seeking to enter the Kingdom of God. The implication is that they were unable to enter because of the false teaching of the the lawyers (and Pharisees). This reminds me of Jesus' warning in Matthew referring to causing believers to stumble - "but whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it is better for him that a heavy millstone be hung around his neck, and that he be drowned in the depth of the sea." (Mt 18:5)
Lucas 11
Robertson quips "What became of the breakfast we are not told, but the rage of both Pharisees and lawyers knew no bounds." The scribes (grammateus) and the Pharisees (pharisaios) began to be very hostile (enecho) - Luke uses scribes as synonymous with lawyers. They were not just slightly perturbed but intensely incensed! The picture of enecho is that of holding a grudge. The religious leaders in effect took it personally that Jesus had exposed their false religious beliefs and practices. And the present tense indicates that this grudge was not passing displeasure but a persistent personal animosity toward Jesus which would culminate in His murder! Jesus had not only accused them of murder but of keeping people from seeing spiritual truth about the judgment of condemnation by God, a condemnation that the scribes and Pharisees would also experience. It is little wonder that they became very hostile after being accused of these horrible sins which warranted them be sent to hell. Their hostile reaction was like a tidal wave of anger against Jesus that ultimately would end in His murder, just as had been the fate of so many of God's prophets. John
Lucas 11
Robertson says enecho is "An old Greek verb to hold in, to be enraged at, to have it in for one. It is the same verb used of the relentless hatred of Herodias for John the Baptist (Mark 6:19)." Friberg says enecho means "strictly hold fast to, hold within; (1) active, of having hostile feelings hold a grudge against, feel resentful toward, colloquially have it in for (Mk 6.19); absolutely be very hostile to, harass violently, press on fiercely (Lk 11.53); (2) passive with the dative let oneself be entangled in, be subject to, be under the control of (Gal 5.1) (Borrow Analytical Lexicon of the Greek New Testament) Enecho - 3x. There are only 3 uses in the Septuagint - Ge 49:23, Ezek 14:4, 7. Mark 6:19 Herodias had a grudge against him and wanted to put him to death and could not do so; Galatians 5:1 It was for freedom that Christ set us free; therefore keep standing firm and do not be subject again to a yoke (figuratively represents the burdensome nature of slavery) of slavery. Question (653)(apostomatizo from apo - from + stoma - mouth) A T Robertson says "From apo and stoma (mouth). Plato uses it of repeating to a pupil for him to recite from memory, then to recite by heart (Plutarch). Here (alone in the N.T.) the verb means to ply with questions, to entice to answers, to catechize." Friberg - strictly require or provoke someone to speak without thinking; hence question closely, ask hostile questions, try to catch in an unguarded moment (Borrow Analytical Lexicon of the Greek New Testament) Luke 11:54 plotting against Him to catch Him in something He might say. KJV Luke 11:54 Laying wait for him, and seeking to catch something out of his mouth, that they might accuse him. seeking Ps 37:32,33; 56:5,6; Mt 22:15,18,35; Mark 12:13 Luke 11 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Luke 11:51-54 What's Missing in False Religion, Part 2 - John MacArthur Related Passage: Matthew 22:15; 18 Then the Pharisees went and plotted together how they might trap Him in what He said. But Jesus perceived their malice, and said, “Why are you testing Me, you hypocrites? Mark 12:13+ Then they *sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians to Him in order to trap Him in a statement. SCRIBES AND LAWYERS TRYING TO AMBUSH JESUS Plotting against (enedreuo) Him to catch (thereuo) Him in something He might say - Plotting is in the present tense and from this time on, they were "lying in wait" for Him, waiting for Him to slip up. Plotting (enedreuo) and catch (thereuo) are very interesting verb choices for they are both hunting terms, the former (see more below) picturing the hunter lying in wait for his prey and the latter used of catching a wild animal. Their sin had blinded them so completely that they could not see that "prey" was the long awaited Jewish Messiah, the Creator of the universe, the King of kings, the Redeemer of mankind. THOUGHT - There is a practical application beloved - If you are a Spirit filled, Word centered pastor or teacher, do not be surprised when the "religious leaders" send their hunting hounds to harass you and trap you in an attempt to overturn your (His) ministry. For example, listen to Paul's warning "I know that after my departure savage wolves will come in among you, not sparing the flock; and from among your own selves men will arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them. "Therefore be on the alert, remembering that night and day for a period of three years I did not cease to admonish each one with tears. "And now I commend you to God and to the word of His grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified. (Acts 20:29-32+)