Mateus 15
A.T. Robertson · Citado em PreceptAustin
Mateus 15
Robertson - Handwashing before meals is not a requirement of the Old Testament. It is, we know, a good thing for sanitary reasons, but the rabbis made it a mark of righteousness for others at any rate. This item was magnified at great length in the oral teaching....Thus a real issue is raised between Jesus and the rabbis. It was far more than a point of etiquette or of hygienics. The rabbis held it to be a mortal sin.
Mateus 15
Robertson writes: "Graphic picture. Once in Cincinnati a blind man introduced me to his blind friend. He said that he was showing him the city. Jesus is not afraid of the Pharisees. Let them alone to do their worst. Blind leaders and blind victims will land in the ditch. A proverbial expression in the O.T." Alan Carr- These Pharisees believed in their hearts that they knew the Lord. However, Jesus lets us in on the real truth of the matter! They were not saved, they were merely blind leaders of the blind and they were all headed to judgment and to destruction, v. 13-14. They had been deceived by that Master of Deception: the human heart! What the Bible Teaches - Thus during the last part of the wilderness journey up the east side of the Dead Sea, the children of Israel were not to "meddle" with the inhabitants of mount Seir (Deut 2:5), nor with the Moabites (Dt 2:9), nor with the Ammonites (Dt 2:19). We are not called upon to reform any heretical or formal religion. Believers possess gifts for preaching the gospel so that converts should come out of such religious environments. Blind leaders lead blind congregations, such leaders adhering dogmatically to error, for these blind leaders are those from whom the Lord took away the last shred of truth. Such men have placed themselves outside the kingdom of God, and their judgment lingereth for a while. Choosing A Good Leader Imitate me, just as I also imitate Christ. — 1 Corinthians 11:1 Today's Scripture: Matthew 15:1-20 I was having coffee at McDonald’s when I noticed a man walk in who was holding a white cane. He had his hand on a young boy’s shoulder and appeared to have complete trust in his ability to guide him. Jesus spoke about leaders who couldn’t be trusted. He called the religious leaders of His day “hypocrites” and “blind leaders of the blind” (Mt. 15:7-14). The scribes and Pharisees were teaching man-made traditions, not God’s commands (vv.3-9). Today many voices are crying out from radio, TV, and the pulpit: “Follow me! I have the truth.” It’s a cacophony of confusion that often leads people astray. The apostle John anticipated such a time when he wrote, “Do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits, whether they are of God” (1 Jn. 4:l). How do we “test the spirits”? By asking these questions: Does the teacher’s life reflect the life of Christ? Does the teacher proclaim salvation by grace through faith—not by works? Reliable teachers and leaders will always point us to Jesus, the way, the truth, and the life (Jn. 14:6), and not to themselves. Otherwise, they are merely blind leaders of the blind. For Further Study Read 1 John 2:4; 3:18-19; 4:2-3. How can we be sure of knowing truth from error? How does God help us? (4:4). A good leader knows the way, shows the way, and goes the way. Matthew 15:15 Peter said to Him, "Explain the parable to us." NET Matthew 15:15 But Peter said to him, "Explain this parable to us." NLT Matthew 15:15 Then Peter said to Jesus, "Explain to us the parable that says people aren't defiled by what they eat." ESV Matthew 15:15 But Peter said to him, "Explain the parable to us." NIV Matthew 15:15 Peter said, "Explain the parable to us." GNT Matthew 15:15 Ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Φράσον ἡμῖν τὴν παραβολὴν [ταύτην]. KJV Matthew 15:15 Then answered Peter and said unto him, Declare unto us this parable. Explain the parable: Mt 13:36 Mk 4:34 7:17 Joh 16:29 Matthew 15 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries PETER SEEKS AN EXPLANATION Peter said to Him, "Explain the parable (parabole) to us - Strictly speaking this was not a parable because Jesus spoke that they might understand it. The "parable" that Peter wanted Jesus to explain refers to the illustration of Mt 15:11. While it was not called a parable here, clearly it is a parabolic teaching. And it was not so much that the disciples did not understand what Jesus meant as that they found it hard to accept, Just as had the crowd and the scribes and Pharisees. Explain is the verb phrazo in the aorist imperative and is used only here in the NT and meaning tell distinctly; in the NT explain, interpret, give the meaning, indicate plainly.
Mateus 15
Robertson - “In spite of all my teaching, are ye also like the Pharisees without spiritual insight and grasp?” One must never forget that the disciples lived in a Pharisaic environment. Their religious world-outlook was Pharisaic.
Mateus 15
Robertson - Christ expects us to make use of our νους [nous], intellect, not for pride, but for insight. The mind does not work infallibly, but we should use it for its God-given purpose. Intellectual laziness or flabbiness is no credit to a devout soul. Bruce on eliminated - “A vulgar word and a vulgar subject which Jesus would gladly have avoided, but He forces Himself to speak of it for the sake of His disciples. The idea is: from food no moral defilement comes to the soul; the defilement as there is, purely physically passing through the bowels into the place of discharge. Doubtless Jesus said this, otherwise no one would have put it into His mouth.” Jesus here is a critic of Moses as well as the scribes, and introduces a religious revolution. -- Expositors Commentary Akin summarizes on the related passage (Mark 7:18-20) - What follows (vs. 18-20) is one of the most critically important spiritual lessons in all of the Word of God. We must not miss it. Defilement (impurity) is not external but internal (Mark 7:15, 18). Defilement is not gastrointestinal but cardial (Mark 7:19). Defilement is not a matter of the stomach, it is a matter of the heart. (Mark 7:19) Defilement is not what goes in but what comes out (Mark 7:20). Jesus’ words are spiritually revolutionary! Religiously they are shocking. The real issues of religious and spiritual faith are internal not external. The focus is on the inside not the outside. Sin always proceeds, has its genesis from within. Food ends up in the stomach, but sin begins in the heart. Food is eaten, digested in the stomach and expelled (v. 19; lit. “Goes out into the drain or latrine”). Sin, however, remains in the heart, and then produces all manner of defilement and death. Basic problem: not what we do but who we are! 10 Real filth, impurity, defilement is inside and unseen, but it is there, and eventually it will show itself as vs. 21-23 make clear. Matthew 15:18 "But the things that proceed out of the mouth come from the heart, and those defile the man. NET Matthew 15:18 But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these things defile a person. NLT Matthew 15:18 But the words you speak come from the heart-- that's what defiles you. ESV Matthew 15:18 But what comes out of the mouth proceeds from the heart, and this defiles a person. NIV Matthew 15:18 But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these make a man 'unclean.' GNT Matthew 15:18 τὰ δὲ ἐκπορευόμενα ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ἐκ τῆς καρδίας ἐξέρχεται, κἀκεῖνα κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον. KJV Matthew 15:18 But those things which proceed out of the mouth come forth from the heart; and they defile the man. Mt 15:11 12:34 1Sa 24:13 Ps 36:3 Pr 6:12 10:32 15:2,28 Lu 19:22 Jas 3:6-10 Rev 13:5,6 Matthew 15 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DEFILEMENT IS AN INTERNAL PROBLEM As Hank Williams said, "your cheating heart will tell on you!" But the things that proceed out (ekporeuomai) of the mouth come from the heart (kardia) - In short Jesus says that sin begins in the heart. The heart represents the inner person, his thoughts, attitudes, desires, loyalties, and motives. The central moral thrust of the Sermon on the Mount is that the basis of all sin is the inner thought, not the outward act. A person commits the sin when he wants to do it, whether or not he ever carries it out in action (lust, anger, etc). Proceed out is in the present tense describing this evil as continually proceeding from within the man! For a new start, ask God for a new heart. (Pray Ps 51:10+ and Ps 86:11NIV+) R T France - “The heart is the source of man’s true character, and therefore of his purity or impurity … it is not merely the seat of emotion, but the true person as he really is, not just as he appears outwardly.” (NICNT-Mt)
Mateus 15
Robertson - The Phoenicians were descended from the Canaanites, the original inhabitants of Palestine. They were of Semitic race, therefore, though pagan. Carson - “Matthew’s used of the old term ‘Canaanite’ shows that he cannot forget her ancestry: now a descendant of Israel’s ancient enemies comes to the Jewish Messiah for blessing.” Spurgeon on Jesus going to Gentile country - “Let us always plow to the very end of the field, and serve our day and generation to the extreme limits of our sphere.” Evans - Why does Matthew change Mark’s “woman … a Gentile, of the Syro-Phoenician race” to a Canaanite woman? The evangelist does this once again to give his version a biblical flavor that will be appreciated by his Jewish readers. Twice in the Old Testament Tyre and Sidon are linked to Philistia, the nation that plagued Israel as it tried to occupy and consolidate its hold on the land of Canaan (cf. Jer. 47:4; Joel 3:4). But the most significant passage may be 2 Sam. 24:7, where Tyre is linked to the “Canaanites.” Thus, a Canaanite woman in the region of Tyre and Sidon carries with it strong biblical associations. This is a person that represents a people historically antagonistic toward Israel and clearly outside the covenant and with no expectations of messianic blessings. (BKBC-Mt-Lk) John
Mateus 15
Robertson - It seems strange that they should so soon have forgotten the feeding of the five thousand (Mt. 14:13–21+), but they did. Soon Jesus will remind them of both these demonstrations of his power (Mt 16:9,10). They forgot both of them, not just one.
Mateus 15
Robertson - She took no offence at the implication of being a Gentile dog. The rather she with quick wit took Christ’s very word for little dogs (κυναρια [kunaria]) and deftly turned it to her own advantage, for the little dogs eat of the crumbs (ψιχιων [psichiōn], little morsels, diminutive again) that fall from the table of their masters (κυριων [kuriōn]), the children. Dogs (2952) see above on kunarion Chuck Smith - Now, in those days they did not have knives and forks and spoons. They did not have eating utensils. They didn"t even use chopsticks. They used the utensils that God first created for man to eat with. They used their hands. And the eating was an interesting process. Always bread. And usually you would break your bread, pull it off and then dip it in the soup or in the sauces or in whatever. And you"d use your bread oftentimes as sort of a spoon. And when we"re over there, we usually go out for what they call an oriental meal, but it"s more of an Arabic type of a meal, where they serve you the pita bread and all of these sauces. And you break the thing and you do your dipping and all, and you have all these exotic kind of salsas and everything else to eat with your pita bread. But they use their hands; they use their fingers. Now, of course, by the time you"re through eating, you"ve got the grease and everything else all over your hands. So, the final piece of bread, you would take it and use it to wipe off as a napkin. You"d use it to wipe off your hands. And then, you"d toss it under the table to the little dog down there waiting, standing up and "woof, woof." You stand up and you drop him this final piece of bread that had all these delicious juices on it. And the dogs would eat these crumbs or these pieces of bread that would be used to wipe off the hands from the master"s table. D L Moody - Don’t be satisfied with crumbs. Go for the whole loaf. Adam