1 Coríntios 8
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Coríntios 8
Utley comments that "Our knowledge of God is important, but knowledge about God is no substitute for a personal relationship, initiated by God, that issues in our love for one another which expresses our love for Him (cf. Gal. 4:6; 2 Ti 2:19; 1 John 4:19)." Loves (25) agapao means to love unconditionally and sacrificially as God Himself loves sinful men (John 3:16), the way He loves the Son (John 3:35, 15:9, 17:23, 24). Note that agapao is a verb and by its verbal nature calls for action. This quality of love is not an emotion (not motivated by superficial appearance or emotional attraction), but is an action initiated by a volitional choice. Agapao in the Corinthian letters - 1 Co. 2:9; 1 Co. 8:3; 2 Co. 9:7; 2 Co. 11:11; 2 Co. 12:15 While the following devotional thought from William Wilberforce does not directly comment on this passage in 1 Corinthians 8, it does offer some powerful insights into the heart of man who loved God and was known by Him and was greatly used by HIm. May God be pleased to make Wilberforce's sentiments and desires be our desires beloved. In the Name of Jesus Christ Our Lord... I will try to retire at nine or half-past, and every evening give half an hour, or an hour, to secret exercises, endeavouring to raise my mind more, and that it may be more warmed with heavenly fire. Help me, O Lord—without thee I can do nothing. Let me strive to maintain a uniform frame of gratitude, veneration, love, and humility, not unelevated with holy confidence, and trembling hope in the mercies of that God, whose ways are not as our ways, nor his thoughts as our thoughts. Strive, O my soul, to maintain and keep alive impressions, first, of the constant presence of a holy, omniscient, omnipotent, but infinitely merciful and gracious God, of Christ our Almighty Shepherd and of the Holy Spirit. (From The Life of William Wilberforce 1838 - here is an online OCR copy - this quote is about half way down the page) Loving God - Puritan Daily Readings But if any man love God, the same is known of him. 1 Corinthians 8:3 Some say that all love arises from self-love; and that it is impossible in the nature of things for any man to have any love to God, or any other beings, but that love to himself must be the foundation of it. But I humbly suppose it is for want of consideration that they say so. They argue that whoever loves God, and so desires His glory or the enjoyment of Him, he desires these things as his own happiness; the glory of God, and the beholding and enjoying His perfections are considered as things agreeable to Him, tending to make him happy; he places his happiness in them, and desires them as things, which (if they were obtained) would be delightful to him, or would fill him with delight and joy, and so make him happy. And so, they say, it is from self-love, or a desire of his own happiness, that he desires God should be glorified, and desires to behold and enjoy His glorious perfections. But then they ought to consider a little further, and inquire how the man came to place his happiness in God’s being glorified, and in contemplating and enjoying God’s perfections. There is no doubt but that after God’s glory, and the beholding His perfections, are become so agreeable to Him, that he places his highest happiness in these things, then he will desire them, as he desires his own happiness. But how came these things to be so agreeable to him, that he esteems it his highest happiness to glorify God, &c.? Is not this the fruit of love? A man must first love God or have his heart united to Him, before he will esteem God’s good his own, and before he will desire the glorifying and enjoying of God as his happiness. 1 Corinthians 8:4 Therefore concerning the eating of things sacrificed to idols, we know that there is no such thing as an idol in the world, and that there is no God but one. Amplified - In this matter, then, of eating food offered to idols, we know that an idol is nothing (has no real existence) and that there is no God but one.
1 Coríntios 8
Utley - In the OT idols were “empty” or “vain.” They were not gods at all (cf. 2 Chr. 13:9; Isa. 37:19; 41:29; Jer. 2:11; Acts 14:15; Gal. 4:8). Later in I Corinthians Paul asserts that demons use people’s superstitions and idolatry (cf. 10:20), but there is no reality to idols! NET Note suggests that ""An idol in this world is nothing" and "There is no God but one." Here and in v. 1 Paul cites certain slogans the Corinthians apparently used to justify their behavior (cf. 6:12–13; 7:1; 10:23). Paul agrees with the slogans in part, but corrects them to show how the Corinthians have misused these ideas. Idol (1497)(eidolon from eídos = that which is seen, what is visible, figure, appearance) is primarily a phantom, form, image, shadow or likeness. Friberg's summary of eidolon - strictly form, copy, figure; hence (1) an object resembling a person or animal and worshiped as a god idol, image (Rev 9.20); (2) idol, false god, with reference to demonic power involved in idol worship (1Cor 10.19). Eidolon - 11v in NT - Acts 7:41; Acts 15:20; Rom. 2:22; 1 Co. 8:4; 1 Co. 8:7; 1 Co. 10:19; 1 Co. 12:2; 2 Co. 6:16; 1 Thess. 1:9; 1 Jn. 5:21; Rev. 9:20 Related Resources: What is the definition of idolatry? 1 John 5:21 The Peril of Idolatry Why is idol worship such a powerful temptation? What is a graven image? What is the true meaning of the second commandment? And that there is no God but one - Stated positively Paul is saying that is absolutely only one God! These "stronger" believers know that there was only one God. They were solid monotheists and had no belief in polytheism (many gods). Paul's point is that "These idols represent an imaginary god other than the true One, "for there [is] no other different God." (Zodhiates) Arnold - There is only one God and He is eternal and not made with hands. (1 Corinthians 8:1-13 Questionable Practices At Corinth) Utley - This is the theological affirmation of monotheism (cf. 1 Tim. 2:5–6). According to biblical revelation there is only one true God (cf. v. 6; Deut. 4:35, 39; Ps. 86:8, 10). Often the OT speaks of other elohim (spiritual beings), but none like (in the same category as, cf. Exod. 20:2–3; Deut. 32:39) YHWH (cf. Exod. 15:11; Ps. 86:8; 89:6). The Jewish prayer called the Shema from Deut. 6:4 is the Jewish affirmation of the uniqueness and oneness of YHWH. It is quoted daily and at every worship service (cf.Mark 12:28–29).
1 Coríntios 8
Utley on Father - This is a wonderful intimate, personal, familial title for deity. It emphasizes God’s immanence. This aspect of God can only be known by His self-revelation, not human philosophy or discovery. Although this familial title appears in the OT sparsely (cf. Deut. 32:5–6; Isa. 63:16; 64:8; Jer. 31:9, 20; Hos. 11:3–4; Mal. 1:6; 2:10), it was Jesus, the Son, who fully revealed this astonishing, intimate, metaphorical analogy (cf. “our Father,” Matt. 6:9; 23:9; Eph. 4:6; Abba, Mark 14:36). from whom are all things” This is affirmation of God as creator (cf. 11:12; Rom. 11:36; 2 Cor. 5:18; Col. 1:16; Heb. 2:10). Utley on we exist for Him - God made the world as a stage for humankind to have fellowship with Himself. Once the results of human rebellion (cf. Gen. 3) have been overcome in our salvation and restoration through Christ, we understand our intended purpose. Once the image of God in mankind is restored through Christ, the intimate, personal fellowship of Eden is restored. This verse should astound us and generate gratitude and praise that we can address the Most High God as our Father, even calling in Abba as His Son Jesus addressed Him (Mk 14:36+, cf Ro 8:15+, Gal 4:6+)! Take a moment to worship our Good , Good Father sung by Chris Tomlin.... Oh, I've heard a thousand stories of what they think You're like But I've heard the tender whisper of love in the dead of night And You tell me that You're pleased and that I'm never alone You're a good, good Father It's who You are, it's who You are, it's who You are And I'm loved by You It's who I am, it's who I am, it's who I am Oh and I've seen many searching for answers far and wide But I know we're all searching for answers only You provide 'Cause You know just what we need before we say a word You're a good, good Father It's Who You are, it's who You are, it's who You are And I'm loved by You It's who I am, it's who I am, it's who I am Because You are perfect in all of Your ways You are perfect in all of Your ways You are perfect in all of Your ways to us (Oh) You are perfect in all of Your ways (all of Your ways) Oh, You're perfect in all of Your ways (Your ways) You are perfect in all of Your ways to us Oh, it's love so undeniable I I can hardly speak Peace so unexplainable I I can hardly think As You call me deeper still As You call me deeper still As You call me deeper still into love, love, love Related Worship Resources: Abba Father (We Give You Glory) Cry Out to the Heavenly Father (followed by 10 more songs to our Great Father)! Have an evening of worship. Arnold on God (theos) the Father (pater) - They could have no intimate relationship with them (idols). They dreaded and feared their gods, but Christians have a God they call Father. This God is the originator of all things. Paganism had a god to create the sea, another the earth, another the sky, others who created the sun and the moon. There was a god for everything. The Christian God created all things by a word from His mouth. This God has created us for Himself. We exist for Him, not for the gods but for the one, true God. (1 Corinthians 8:1-13 Questionable Practices At Corinth) Father (3962) pater is the genitor (a begetter), by whom another is begotten. Stated more simply this is a man who has begotten a child. Father is the progenitor, the ancestor in the direct line (a forefather -- thus Adam was the "progenitor" of the Human Race). Father one who imparts life and is committed to it; a progenitor, bringing into being to pass on the potential for likeness. (HelpsBible.com) Vine writes that pater is "from a root signifying “a nourisher, protector, upholder” (Lat., pater, Eng., “father,” are akin)." (Note: Not all lexicons agree with this origin)....Whereas the everlasting power and divinity of God are manifest in creation, His “Fatherhood” in spiritual relationship through faith is the subject of NT revelation, and waited for the presence on earth of the Son, Matt. 11:27; John 17:25. The spiritual relationship is not universal, John 8:42, 44 (cf. John 8:12 and Gal. 3:26). Related Resources: How should I understand the concept of the Father God? | GotQuestions.org What does it mean that God is our Abba Father? | GotQuestions.org What does it mean that God is father to the fatherless? | GotQuestions.org And one Lord (kurios), Jesus (Iesous) Christ (Christos), by Whom are all things - Kurios, means Master. Paul says we have one Master, the Lord Jesus Christ Who is the Creator of everything. He is ascribing deity to the Lord Jesus Christ. John 1:3+ All things came into being through Him (JESUS), and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being. Colossians 1:16-17+ For by Him (JESUS) all things were created (JESUS IS THE CREATOR), both in the heavens and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities–all things have been created through Him and for Him. He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together (JESUS IS THE SUSTAINER OF HIS CREATION!). Hebrews 1:2-3+ in these last days has spoken to us in His Son,Whom He appointed heir of all things, through Whom also He made the world. And He is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His nature, and upholds all things by the word of His power (JESUS IS THE SUSTAINER OF HIS CREATION). When He had made purification of sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high, Utley - Calling Jesus Lord (kurios, the Greek equivalent of the Hebrew adon) is a way of affirming His deity and oneness with YHWH (cf. Phil. 2:11). The concept of oneness is also significant (cf. Eph. 4:5; 1 Tim. 2:5). Although Paul does not use Theos (God) for Jesus in this context, he does use it of Jesus in Acts 20:28; Rom. 9:5; and Titus 2:13 and Theotētus in Col. 2:9. There can be no doubt that in Paul’s mind Jesus is divine. Paul was a strict monotheist. He never qualifies how one God can eternally exist in three personal manifestations, but that is the obvious conclusion. Kistemaker - Paul calls Jesus Lord but not God. At the same time, he intimates that Jesus is divine through the work of creation and redemption. Here Paul treads softly, so that he will not be accused of contradicting his earlier statement that God is one. Yet, he teaches Jesus’ divinity and eternity by stating that all things in creation came into being through Jesus Christ. And we exist through Him - As noted "exist" is added. We are His through His Creation and then His through redemption by His sacrificial death on the Cross, even as He Himself declared "I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father but THROUGH ME." (Jn 14:6) Arnold sums up - Paul agreed with the Liberty Party that an idol is nothing and the one, true God is everything. Therefore, meat offered to idols can be eaten because the Christian has the liberty to do so. (Questionable Practices At Corinth) Selwyn