1 Reis 7
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Reis 7
Utley - Roland deVaux, Ancient Israel, pp. 319-320, suggests the large laver was for the priest to wash and the small portable ones for the washing of sacrifices. This water container was called by three names. (See 8 page discussion of the Temple at Jerusalem in Ancient Israel: its life and institutions by Roland de Vaux, Roland, Volume 2, page 312 BORROW) the bronze sea ‒ 2 Kgs. 25:13; 1 Chr. 18:8; Jer. 52:17 the molten sea ‒ 1 Kgs. 7:23; 2 Chr. 4:2 in Exod. 30:18; 38:8, it is called "a laver of bronze" Bob Utley LAVER OF BRONZE (BDB 468 CONSTRUCT BDB 638) This was a large, bronze bowl set in the court of the tabernacle for priests to do ceremonial washings (cf. Exod. 30:20-21; Num. 8:7). It is described in Ex 30:17-21; 38:8. It was decorated with the mirrors from the women who served at the doorway of the tabernacle. Its placement was between the tabernacle's tent/shrine and the altar of sacrifice (cf. Exod. 40:7,30). The Laver of the Tabernacle was made more elaborate and more numerous by the builders of Solomon's temple. It is called "the sea of cast metal" in 1 Kgs. 7:39. It is described in 1 Kgs. 7:44. One wonders if 1 Kgs. 7:38 is also referring to the Laver. The Lavers themselves (not the elaborate stands) were removed from the temple by Ahaz (cf. 2 Kgs. 16:17) to pay tribute to Assyria. It is even possible (ABD, vol. 4, p. 242) that the Laver's name is related to a Sumerian root denoting "the foundation of the earth." Therefore, it might have had cosmic significance beyond just a washing bowl. 1 Kings 7:25 It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east; and the sea was set on top of them, and all their rear parts turned inward. KJV 1 Kings 7:25 It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set above upon them, and all their hinder parts were inward. NET 1 Kings 7:25 "The Sea" stood on top of twelve bulls. Three faced northward, three westward, three southward, and three eastward. "The Sea" was placed on top of them, and they all faced outward. CSB 1 Kings 7:25 It stood on 12 oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The reservoir was on top of them and all their hindquarters were toward the center. ESV 1 Kings 7:25 It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The sea was set on them, and all their rear parts were inward. NIV 1 Kings 7:25 The Sea stood on twelve bulls, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east. The Sea rested on top of them, and their hindquarters were toward the center. NLT 1 Kings 7:25 The Sea was placed on a base of twelve bronze oxen, all facing outward. Three faced north, three faced west, three faced south, and three faced east, and the Sea rested on them. 2Ch 4:4,5 Jer 52:20 Eze 1:10 Mt 28:19 Mk 16:15,16 Lu 24:47 1Co 9:9 Rev 4:6,7 An artist's rendition of the Molten Sea It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east; and the sea was set on top of them, and all their rear parts turned inward. 1 Kings 7:26 It was a handbreadth thick, and its brim was made like the brim of a cup, as a lily blossom; it could hold two thousand baths. KJV 1 Kings 7:26 And it was an hand breadth thick, and the brim thereof was wrought like the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies: it contained two thousand baths. NET 1 Kings 7:26 It was four fingers thick and its rim was like that of a cup shaped like a lily blossom. It could hold about 12,000 gallons. CSB 1 Kings 7:26 The reservoir was three inches thick, and its rim was fashioned like the brim of a cup or of a lily blossom. It held 11,000 gallons. ESV 1 Kings 7:26 Its thickness was a handbreadth, and its brim was made like the brim of a cup, like the flower of a lily. It held two thousand baths. NIV 1 Kings 7:26 It was a handbreadth in thickness, and its rim was like the rim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It held two thousand baths. NLT 1 Kings 7:26 The walls of the Sea were about three inches thick, and its rim flared out like a cup and resembled a water lily blossom. It could hold about 11,000 gallons of water. an hand breadth: Jer 52:21 with flowers: 1Ki 7:19 6:18,32,35 two thousand: 1Ki 7:38 2Ch 4:5 Eze 45:14 It was a handbreadth thick, and its brim was made like the brim of a cup, as a lily blossom; it could hold two thousand baths.
1 Reis 7
Utley - ALTAR OF INCENSE This was an altar-shaped (i.e., small table with projection on each corner, cf. Exod. 30:1-3) piece of furniture (BDB 882, 883) where incense was placed in large quantities on the Day of Atonement (cf. Leviticus 16) to produce thick smoke which concealed YHWH's presence over the ark. Many place it inside the Holy of Holies. This has caused commentators to take this phrase to refer to a "censer" because this is how the Septuagint translates this term (cf. Lev. 16:12; 2 Chr. 26:19; Ezek. 8:11; IV Mac. 7:11). However, Philo and Josephus use the same Greek word for the incense altar. In the OT the altar is closely identified with the Holy of Holies (cf. Exod.30:1-10, 37; but especially 1 Kgs. 6:22). Coals were taken from the great sacrificial altar at the door of the tabernacle and placed on this small stand. Incense was then placed on the coals to produce a large amount of smoke. This wonderful smelling smoke obscured the high priest's eyes from seeing YHWH, who dwelt over the ark of the covenant between the wings of the cherubim, in the Holy of Holies. Table with Bread of Presence and the golden table on which was the bread of the Presence; 2 Chronicles 4:8 says there were 10 tables of showbread, but here they are referred to as if they were unified. Bob Utley - SHOW BREAD or BREAD OF THE PRESENCE This item of furniture (i.e., "table," BDB 1020), on which the bread rested, is described in Exod. 25:23-30; 37:10-16. It was located in the Holy Place. The bread itself (BDB 536 CONSTRUCT BDB 815) was twelve large loaves (± 2-3 lbs, cf. Lev. 24:5-9). They symbolized God's provisions of Israel's physical food needs. They were replaced every week and the priests were allowed to eat the old loaves (cf. Lev. 24:9). As the tabernacle faced east, when one entered the Holy Place (first room of the inner tent/shrine), the table of Show Bread was on the right, the Menorah on the left, the altar of incense straight ahead, before the veil that separated the Holy Place from the Holy of Holies, a perfect cube containing the ark of the covenant. QUESTION - What was the bread of the Presence? ANSWER - The bread of the Presence (also called the showbread or shewbread in some translations) was special bread always present on a table in the tabernacle (and later in the temple). Leviticus 24:5–7 describes this bread: “You shall take fine flour and bake twelve loaves from it; two tenths of an ephah shall be in each loaf. And you shall set them in two piles, six in a pile, on the table of pure gold before the Lord. And you shall put pure frankincense on each pile, that it may go with the bread as a memorial portion as a food offering to the Lord.” This bread of the Presence was 1) made of fine flour, 2) baked in 12 loaves, 3) arranged in two piles of six loaves each on a table of pure gold, 4) covered with frankincense, and 5) served as a memorial food offering to the Lord. The bread could only be eaten by Aaron and his sons in a holy place and was set out every Sabbath day (Leviticus 24:8–9). The bread of the Presence is first mentioned in Exodus 25:30. God instructed for it to be placed on the golden table in the tabernacle. The bread is also listed in the contributions for the tabernacle in Exodus 35:13 and noted as part of the completed tabernacle in Exodus 39:36. In Numbers 4 the Kohathites, who were sons of Levi, were given responsibility for the care of the table of showbread. First Chronicles 9:32 says, “Also some of their kinsmen of the Kohathites had charge of the showbread, to prepare it every Sabbath.” This bread was likely prepared on each Friday and placed in the tabernacle on each Sabbath in two piles of six. It would be replenished each week, allowing the priests to eat fresh bread in the holy place. At one point in David’s life, when he was on the run from Saul, he asked the priest Ahimelech for food. The priest gave David the bread of the Presence, since it was the only bread available (1 Samuel 21:1–6). David was not a priest, so it was technically unlawful for him to eat the showbread. Jesus later refers to this event, using it as proof that the Law was designed for man’s benefit, and that Christ is Lord of the Sabbath (Matthew 12:1–8; Mark 2:25–27; Luke 6:3–5). The Old Testament showbread placed on the table in the tabernacle provides a wonderful picture of Jesus, the Bread of Life. Jesus is holy before God, He provides true sustenance, and He is always present. “Jesus declared, ‘I am the bread of life. Whoever comes to me will never go hungry’” (John 6:35). One other New Testament reference, Hebrews 9:1–2, mentions the table of showbread as one of the items in the first section of the tabernacle. Also included in that place was the lampstand. Verse 15 notes, “Therefore [Jesus] is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance.” The context explains that the important aspects of the Jewish law were no longer necessary since Christ has become high priest once and for all.GotQuestions.org 1 Kings 7:49 and the lampstands, five on the right side and five on the left, in front of the inner sanctuary, of pure gold; and the flowers and the lamps and the tongs, of gold; KJV 1 Kings 7:49 And the candlesticks of pure gold, five on the right side, and five on the left, before the oracle, with the flowers, and the lamps, and the tongs of gold, NET 1 Kings 7:49 the pure gold lampstands at the entrance to the inner sanctuary (five on the right and five on the left), the gold flower-shaped ornaments, lamps, and tongs, CSB 1 Kings 7:49 the pure gold lampstands in front of the inner sanctuary, five on the right and five on the left; the gold flowers, lamps, and tongs; ESV 1 Kings 7:49 the lampstands of pure gold, five on the south side and five on the north, before the inner sanctuary; the flowers, the lamps, and the tongs, of gold; NIV 1 Kings 7:49 the lampstands of pure gold (five on the right and five on the left, in front of the inner sanctuary); the gold floral work and lamps and tongs; NLT 1 Kings 7:49 the lampstands of solid gold, five on the south and five on the north, in front of the Most Holy Place; the flower decorations, lamps, and tongs-- all of gold; the lampstands: Ex 25:31-40 37:17-24 39:37 40:24,25 2Ch 4:7 Zec 4:1-3,11-14 Mt 5:14-16 Rev 1:20 2:1 before the oracle: 2Ch 4:20 the tongs: Ex 25:38 Nu 4:9 Related Passages: 2 Chronicles 4:7-8 Then he made the ten golden lampstands in the way prescribed for them and he set them in the temple, five on the right side and five on the left. 8 He also made ten tables and placed them in the temple, five on the right side and five on the left. And he made one hundred golden bowls. 2 Chronicles 4:19-20 Solomon also made all the things that were in the house of God: even the golden altar, the tables with the bread of the Presence on them, 20 the lampstands with their lamps of pure gold, to burn in front of the inner sanctuary in the way prescribed; LAMPSTAND and the lampstands, five on the right side and five on the left, in front of the inner sanctuary, of pure gold; and the flowers and the lamps and the tongs, of gold Bob Utley - LAMPSTAND This ("menorah," BDB 633, KB 600) is a sacred object for providing light in the Holy Place (cf. Exod. 25:37; 27:20-21). It is described in Exod. 25:31-40; 37:17-24. 1. made of gold 2. six branches on a central shaft, three on each side 3. at the top of each branch three cups, shaped like almond blossoms with a bulb and flower 4. at the top of the central shaft are four cups, like #3 5. all parts were made of one piece of hammered gold (one talent, cf. Exod. 25:39) 6. the exact pattern was revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai (cf. Exod. 25:40) 7. the pattern in Exodus is part of the vision of Zechariah in Zech. 4:1-6; this seems to reflect the post-exilic, second temple Solomon changed it into ten separate lampstands (cf. 1 Kgs. 7:49; 2 Chr. 4:7) in his temple. One wonders if the menorah is somehow connected to the concept of the "tree of the knowledge of good and evil," from Gen. 2:17, which was supposed to give light/knowledge (cf. Gen. 3:5). It is possible that John's presentation of Jesus as "the light of the world" in John 8:12 is related to this concept. I have enclosed my notes from John. John 8:12 "I am the Light" John 6, 7, and 8 seem to be related to the "wilderness wanderings" period of Israel's history, the source of the metaphors that Jesus uses of Himself. A. John 6 uses "manna" and "the bread of life." B. John 7 uses "water" and "living water." C. John 8 uses "light" and "shekinah glory." This metaphor of light is repeated throughout John (cf. John 1:4-5, 8-9; 3:19-21; 9:5; 12:46). There has been some debate as to exactly what this refers. 1. the ancient fear of darkness 2. a title for God in the OT (cf. Ps. 27:1; Isa. 62:20; I John 1:5) 3. the background of the Feast of the Tabernacles, lighting of the candelabra in the Court of the Women 4. an allusion to the shekinah cloud of glory in the wilderness wandering period that symbolized the presence of God 5. the Messianic titles in the OT (cf. Isa. 42:6, 49:6; Luke 2:32) The rabbis also used "light" as a title for the Messiah. The lighting of the huge lamps in the Court of the Women during the Feast of Tabernacle is the obvious setting for Jesus' statement. The Messianic implications of light and the special references in John 1:4,8 coincide with the ceremony in the Temple for Jesus to continue to reveal His true origin. This is one of the seven "I am" statements in John (followed by a predicate) 1. I am the Bread of life (John 6:35,41,46,51) 2. I am the Light of the world (John 8:12; 9: 5; cf. 1:4,9; 12:46) 3. I am the door of the sheepfold (John 10:7,9) 4. I am the good shepherd (John 10:11,14) 5. I am the resurrection, and the life (John 11:25) 6. I am the way, the truth, and the life (John 14:6) 7. I am the true vine (John 15:1,5) These unique statements, found only in John, point toward the person of Jesus. John focuses on these personal aspects of salvation. We must trust Him! 1 Kings 7:50 and the cups and the snuffers and the bowls and the spoons and the firepans, of pure gold; and the hinges both for the doors of the inner house, the most holy place, and for the doors of the house, that is, of the nave, of gold. KJV 1 Kings 7:50 And the bowls, and the snuffers, and the basons, and the spoons, and the censers of pure gold; and the hinges of gold, both for the doors of the inner house, the most holy place, and for the doors of the house, to wit, of the temple. BGT 1 Kings 7:36 καὶ τὰ πρόθυρα καὶ οἱ ἧλοι καὶ αἱ φιάλαι καὶ τὰ τρύβλια καὶ αἱ θυίσκαι χρυσαῖ σύγκλειστα καὶ τὰ θυρώματα τῶν θυρῶν τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ ἐσωτάτου ἁγίου τῶν ἁγίων καὶ τὰς θύρας τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ ναοῦ χρυσᾶς LXE 1 Kings 7:50 And there were made the porches, and the nails, and the bowls, and the spoons, and the golden censers, of pure gold: and the panels of the doors of the innermost part of the house, even the holy of holies, and the golden doors of the temple. NET 1 Kings 7:50 the pure gold bowls, trimming shears, basins, pans, and censers, and the gold door sockets for the inner sanctuary (the most holy place) and for the doors of the main hall of the temple. CSB 1 Kings 7:50 the pure gold ceremonial bowls, wick trimmers, sprinkling basins, ladles, and firepans; and the gold hinges for the doors of the inner temple (that is, the most holy place) and for the doors of the temple sanctuary. ESV 1 Kings 7:50 the cups, snuffers, basins, dishes for incense, and fire pans, of pure gold; and the sockets of gold, for the doors of the innermost part of the house, the Most Holy Place, and for the doors of the nave of the temple. NIV 1 Kings 7:50 the pure gold basins, wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, dishes and censers; and the gold sockets for the doors of the innermost room, the Most Holy Place, and also for the doors of the main hall of the temple. NLT 1 Kings 7:50 the small bowls, lamp snuffers, bowls, dishes, and incense burners-- all of solid gold; the doors for the entrances to the Most Holy Place and the main room of the Temple, with their fronts overlaid with gold. spoons: Ex 25:29 Nu 7:86 censers: Heb. ash pans, Lev 16:12 2Ch 4:21,22 and the cups and the snuffers and the bowls and the spoons and the firepans, of pure gold; and the hinges both for the doors of the inner house, the most holy place, and for the doors of the house, that is, of the nave, of gold. Utley - Remember, there is symbolism in the metals (gradations of holiness). (1) bronze for those things outside the inner shrine (2) gold for those things in the inner shrine 1 Kings 7:51 Thus all the work that King Solomon performed in the house of the LORD was finished. And Solomon brought in the things dedicated by his father David, the silver and the gold and the utensils, and he put them in the treasuries of the house of the LORD. KJV 1 Kings 7:51 So was ended all the work that king Solomon made for the house of the LORD. And Solomon brought in the things which David his father had dedicated; even the silver, and the gold, and the vessels, did he put among the treasures of the house of the LORD. BGT 1 Kings 7:37 καὶ ἀνεπληρώθη πᾶν τὸ ἔργον ὃ ἐποίησεν Σαλωμων οἴκου κυρίου καὶ εἰσήνεγκεν Σαλωμων τὰ ἅγια Δαυιδ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ πάντα τὰ ἅγια Σαλωμων τὸ ἀργύριον καὶ τὸ χρυσίον καὶ τὰ σκεύη ἔδωκεν εἰς τοὺς θησαυροὺς οἴκου κυρίου LXE 1 Kings 7:51 So the work of the house of the Lord which Solomon wrought was finished; and Solomon brought in the holy things of David his father, and all the holy things of Solomon; he put the silver, and the gold, and the furniture, into the treasures of the house of the Lord. NET 1 Kings 7:51 When King Solomon finished constructing the LORD's temple, he put the holy items that belonged to his father David (the silver, gold, and other articles) in the treasuries of the LORD's temple. CSB 1 Kings 7:51 So all the work King Solomon did in the LORD's temple was completed. Then Solomon brought in the consecrated things of his father David-- the silver, the gold, and the utensils-- and put them in the treasuries of the LORD's temple. ESV 1 Kings 7:51 Thus all the work that King Solomon did on the house of the LORD was finished. And Solomon brought in the things that David his father had dedicated, the silver, the gold, and the vessels, and stored them in the treasuries of the house of the LORD. NIV 1 Kings 7:51 When all the work King Solomon had done for the temple of the LORD was finished, he brought in the things his father David had dedicated--the silver and gold and the furnishings--and he placed them in the treasuries of the LORD's temple. NLT 1 Kings 7:51 So King Solomon finished all his work on the Temple of the LORD. Then he brought all the gifts his father, David, had dedicated-- the silver, the gold, and the various articles-- and he stored them in the treasuries of the LORD's Temple. was ended: Ex 40:33 Ezr 6:15 Zec 4:9 which David his father had dedicated: 2Sa 8:7-11 1Ch 18:7,8,10,11 26:26-28 28:11-18 1Ch 29:2-8 2Ch 5:1 Related Passages: 1 Chronicles 29:2-8+ “Now with all my ability I have provided for the house of my God the gold for the things of gold, and the silver for the things of silver, and the bronze for the things of bronze, the iron for the things of iron, and wood for the things of wood, onyx stones and inlaid stones, stones of antimony and stones of various colors, and all kinds of precious stones and alabaster in abundance. 3 “Moreover, in my delight in the house of my God, the treasure I have of gold and silver, I give to the house of my God, over and above all that I have already provided for the holy temple, 4 namely, 3,000 talents of gold, of the gold of Ophir, and 7,000 talents of refined silver, to overlay the walls of the buildings; 5 of gold for the things of gold and of silver for the things of silver, that is, for all the work done by the craftsmen. Who then is willing to consecrate himself this day to the LORD?” 6 Then the rulers of the fathers’ households, and the princes of the tribes of Israel, and the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, with the overseers over the king’s work, offered willingly; 7 and for the service for the house of God they gave 5,000 talents and 10,000 darics of gold, and 10,000 talents of silver, and 18,000 talents of brass, and 100,000 talents of iron. 8 Whoever possessed precious stones gave them to the treasury of the house of the LORD, in care of Jehiel the Gershonite. THE WORK ON THE TEMPLE IS COMPLETED Thus all the work that King Solomon performed in the house of the LORD was finished. And Solomon brought in the things dedicated by his father David, the silver and the gold and the utensils, and he put them in the treasuries of the house of the LORD Utley - Many of the precious metals of the temple came from David's military conquests and taxation (cf. 2 Sam. 8:11; 1 Chr. 29:2-5; 2 Chr. 5:1). The House of the LORD Complete The work was done, the task fulfilled, The house of the LORD stood as God had willed. By Solomon’s hand, the glory was raised, A temple resplendent, to God be praised. Each stone was set, each beam aligned, Crafted with skill, by wisdom divined. From cedar walls to golden gleam, It shone with splendor, a holy dream. The treasures of David, now brought inside, Silver and gold, in the temple abide. Utensils of honor, with purpose defined, Offered to God with reverent mind. The treasuries filled, the covenant sealed, A place for God's glory to be revealed. The house now stood, a beacon of grace, God's presence dwelling in His sacred place. Oh, Solomon, king of wisdom and might, You built a home for the Lord’s delight. But greater still is the heart’s own shrine, Where God's true Spirit will ever shine. AMEN!