1 Samuel 24
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Samuel 24
Utley - David showed humility and honor to Saul - (1) called him "My lord the king," v. 8 (2) bowed his face to the ground, v. 8 ; (3) prostrated himself, v. 8 (4) called him "father" (respectful imagery), 1Sa 24:11 (5) calls himself a dead dog, 1Sa 24:14 and a single flea, 1Sa 24:14 Prostrated (07812) shachah means to bow down, to prostrate oneself, to crouch, to fall down, to humbly beseech, to do reverence, to worship. The idea is to assume a prostrate position as would in paying homage to royalty (Ge 43:28) or to God (Ge 24:26, Ps 95:6). The English word prostrate is defined as being stretched out with one's face on the ground in adoration or submission. It is not just that the person has fallen down but pictures them lying at length or with their body extended on the ground and so lying in a posture which is reflective of genuine humility and/or adoration. 1ST: Ge18:2, Abraham "bowed himself toward the ground" before the 3 messengers who announced that Sarah would have a son. Bowing down in homage generally before a superior or a ruler thus, David "bowed" himself before Saul 1Sa 24:8. WORSHIP IN THE MIDST OF THE REFINER'S FIRE: Ge 22:5 And Abraham said to his young men, "Stay here with the donkey, and I and the lad will go yonder; and we will worship (proskuneo) and return to you." Job 1:20 Then Job arose and tore his robe and shaved his head, and he fell (pipto -- Aor Act Participle) to the ground and worshiped.(Ao Act Ind = proskuneo). These men of God when tested "bowed down"--they submitted to God's will. They exercised real Faith which is not believing in spite of evidence but is obeying in spite of consequences! This is what Christ did, perfectly, on the Cross. Take up your Cross daily and follow Me was His clarion call and Abraham & Job obeyed even before the Cross! Shachah - uses in First & Second Samuel - 1 Sam. 1:3; 1 Sam. 1:19; 1 Sam. 1:28; 1 Sam. 2:36; 1 Sam. 15:25; 1 Sam. 15:30; 1 Sam. 15:31; 1 Sam. 20:41; 1 Sam. 24:8; 1 Sam. 25:23; 1 Sam. 25:41; 1 Sam. 28:14; 2 Sam. 1:2; 2 Sam. 9:6; 2 Sam. 9:8; 2 Sam. 12:20; 2 Sam. 14:4; 2 Sam. 14:22; 2 Sam. 14:33; 2 Sam. 15:5; 2 Sam. 15:32; 2 Sam. 16:4; 2 Sam. 18:21; 2 Sam. 18:28; 2 Sam. 24:20; 1 Samuel 24:9 David said to Saul, "Why do you listen to the words of men, saying, 'Behold, David seeks to harm you'? LXE 1 Samuel 24:9 And David said to Saul, Why dost thou hearken to the words of the people, saying, Behold, David seeks thy life? KJV 1 Samuel 24:9 And David said to Saul, Wherefore hearest thou men's words, saying, Behold, David seeketh thy hurt? NET 1 Samuel 24:9 David said to Saul, "Why do you pay attention when men say, 'David is seeking to do you harm'? CSB 1 Samuel 24:9 David said to Saul, "Why do you listen to the words of people who say, 'Look, David intends to harm you'? ESV 1 Samuel 24:9 And David said to Saul, "Why do you listen to the words of men who say, 'Behold, David seeks your harm'? NIV 1 Samuel 24:9 He said to Saul, "Why do you listen when men say, 'David is bent on harming you'? NLT 1 Samuel 24:9 Then he shouted to Saul, "Why do you listen to the people who say I am trying to harm you? NRS 1 Samuel 24:9 David said to Saul, "Why do you listen to the words of those who say, 'David seeks to do you harm'? NJB 1 Samuel 24:10 David then said to Saul, 'Why do you listen to people who say, "David intends your ruin"? NAB 1 Samuel 24:10 and asked Saul: "Why do you listen to those who say, 'David is trying to harm you'? YLT 1 Samuel 24:9 And David saith to Saul, 'Why dost thou hear the words of man, saying, Lo, David is seeking thine evil? GWN 1 Samuel 24:9 David asked Saul, "Why do you listen to rumors that I am trying to harm you? 1Sa 26:19 Lev 19:16 Ps 101:5 141:6 Pr 16:28 17:4 18:8 25:23 Pr 26:20-22,28 29:12 Ec 7:21,22 Jas 3:6 1 Samuel 24 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DAVID OPENS HIS DEFENSE Bergen comments that "Following these verbal and actional signals of loyalty to the king, David uttered what is perhaps the most passionate and eloquent plea for reconciliation between persons recorded in all ancient literature. (Borrow NAC - 1,2 Samuel) David said to Saul, "Why do you listen to the words of men, saying, 'Behold (hinneh; Lxx = idou), David seeks to harm you' - Can you see what David is doing with this question? He is not pointing his finger directly at Saul and making a point blank accusation. He deflects the sin of Saul to others, the words of men, telling Saul that David meant to harm him. There is nothing in the text to this point that suggests Saul's counselors were warning Saul about David. In fact one of his closest counselors, his own son, told him that he had nothing to fear from David. Life a good defense attorney David will use the cut robe to support his premise that he had no desire to harm Saul. As Matthew
1 Samuel 24
Utley adds a technical note on you shall surely be king - This is the intensified construction of an INFINITIVE ABSOLUTE and an IMPERFECT VERB of the same root 1 Samuel 24:21 "So now swear to me by the LORD that you will not cut off my descendants after me and that you will not destroy my name from my father's household." BGT 1 Samuel 24:22 (Numbering in the Hebrew Bible) καὶ νῦν ὄμοσόν μοι ἐν κυρίῳ ὅτι οὐκ ἐξολεθρεύσεις τὸ σπέρμα μου ὀπίσω μου καὶ οὐκ ἀφανιεῖς τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρός μου LXE 1 Samuel 24:21 Now then swear to me by the Lord, that thou wilt not destroy my seed after me, that thou wilt not blot out my name from the house of my father. KJV 1 Samuel 24:21 Swear now therefore unto me by the LORD, that thou wilt not cut off my seed after me, and that thou wilt not destroy my name out of my father's house. NET 1 Samuel 24:21 So now swear to me in the LORD's name that you will not kill my descendants after me or destroy my name from the house of my father." CSB 1 Samuel 24:21 Therefore swear to me by the LORD that you will not cut off my descendants or wipe out my name from my father's family." ESV 1 Samuel 24:21 Swear to me therefore by the LORD that you will not cut off my offspring after me, and that you will not destroy my name out of my father's house." NIV 1 Samuel 24:21 Now swear to me by the LORD that you will not cut off my descendants or wipe out my name from my father's family." NLT 1 Samuel 24:21 Now swear to me by the LORD that when that happens you will not kill my family and destroy my line of descendants!" NRS 1 Samuel 24:21 Swear to me therefore by the LORD that you will not cut off my descendants after me, and that you will not wipe out my name from my father's house." NJB 1 Samuel 24:22 (Numbering in the Hebrew Bible) Now swear to me by Yahweh that you will not suppress my descendants once I am gone, or blot my name out of my family.' NAB 1 Samuel 24:22 (Numbering in the Hebrew Bible) swear to me by the LORD that you will not destroy my descendants and that you will not blot out my name and family." YLT 1 Samuel 24:21 and, now, swear to me by Jehovah -- thou dost not cut off my seed after me, nor dost thou destroy my name from the house of my father.' GWN 1 Samuel 24:21 Swear an oath to the LORD for me that you will not wipe out my descendants or destroy my name in my father's family." Swear: 1Sa 20:14-17 Ge 21:23 31:48,53 Heb 6:16 that: 2Sa 21:6-8 1 Samuel 24 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SAUL TWO REQUESTS FROM DAVID So - Means "for this reason," in this case for the reason that David was destined to be the next king of Israel. now swear to me by the LORD that (REQUEST #1) you will not cut off my descendants after me and that (REQUEST #2) you will not destroy my name from my father's household - In cutting covenant with David, Jonathan had made a similar request of David "You shall not cut off your lovingkindness from my house forever, not even when the LORD cuts off every one of the enemies of David from the face of the earth. So Jonathan made (karath - cut) a covenant with the house of David, saying, “May the LORD require it at the hands of David’s enemies." (1Sa 20:15, 16+). Note that David does ask Saul to reciprocate because he knows God will fulfill His Word to make David king. Robert Vannoy - It was quite common in the ancient world for the first ruler of a new dynasty to secure his position by murdering all potential claimants to the throne from the preceding dynasty (1Ki 15:29; 16:11; 2Ki 10:7; 11:1).(Borrow NIV Study Bible) Bob Utley notes that Saul's request was quite reasonable for "death to all relatives was common in the ancient near east when kingship changed (cf. Jdg 9:5; 1Ki 15:29; 16:11; 2Ki 10:1-17; 11:1). John