2 Coríntios 9
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Coríntios 9
Utley quips on superfluous - Paul uses emotional, over-the-top language....this ministry This term is often used of Christian stewardship (cf. Acts 6:1; 11:29; Rom. 15:31; 2 Cor. 8:4; 9:1, 12, 13). Here it refers to servanthood. Believers’ relationship to a gracious God and a self-giving Messiah demand a life of service to others (cf. John 17:18; 20:21; 1 John 3:16). Colin Kruse explains superfluous this way - It is superfluous to write about the collection to those who have already taken the initiative in the matter and whose zeal for it has been an inspiration to others. (Full text of the Tyndale NT Commentary on 2 Corinthians) McShane - By "ministry to the saints" they were not doing anything abnormal, but were simply carrying out their duty as those who had been blessed of God and enriched with good things which they were expected to share with the less fortunate. (What the Bible Teaches 1 & 2 Corinthians) POSB on saints - He expected the Corinthians to give. Why? Because some dear "saints" of God needed help. The term "saints" (hagios) means those who are set apart and devoted to God. It is a term referring to genuine believers. The point is striking. Some fellow believers were in desperate need. The churches in Judea were poor and desperately needed help; therefore the Corinthians were expected to help them. In fact, the expectation was so strong there was little need to even say anything about it. Christian believers should be so devoted to God that people expect and know that they will give to meet the needs of the world. In fact, as long as a need exists, believers should be giving all they are and have to meet that need. (The Preacher's Outline & Sermon Bible: 1 & 2 Corinthians) Superfluous (4053) perissos from peri - around, all-around, over and above) properly means "all around, more than (abundantly). primarily, "what is above and over, super-added," hence came to denote "what is superior and advantageous," Beyond what is anticipated. Exceeding expectation. Going past the expected limit. Exceeding some number or measure, more than enough, more than is necessary, superadded. Superabundance, extraordinary, profuse, abundant. Uses in Corinthians - 1 Co. 12:23; 1 Co. 12:24; 1 Co. 15:10; 2 Co. 1:12; 2 Co. 2:4; 2 Co. 2:7; 2 Co. 7:15; 2 Co. 9:1; 2 Co. 10:8; Write (1125) grapho from root graph- = primarily means to scratch on or engrave as on an ornament, reports, letters, etc; English = graph, graphic, etc) means to engrave or inscribe with a pen or stylus characters or letters on a surface which can be wood, wax, metal, leather, stone, parchment, dirt (John ), paper, etc. Ministry (service, relief) (1248) diakonia is probably derived from dioko = to pursue, "to be a follower of a person, to attach one's self to him:" - note on origin is from Vincent.) means the rendering or assistance or help by performing certain duties, often of a humble or menial nature serve, including such mundane activities as waiting on tables or caring for household needs—activities without apparent dignity. Diakonia is related to diakonos, a servant, not in his relation (like doulos) but more in regard to his activity. The term covers both slaves and hired servants. The main idea which lies behind diakonia is that of practical service. Uses in Corinthians - 1 Co. 12:5; 1 Co. 16:15; 2 Co. 3:7; 2 Co. 3:8; 2 Co. 3:9; 2 Co. 4:1; 2 Co. 5:18; 2 Co. 6:3; 2 Co. 8:4; 2 Co. 9:1; 2 Co. 9:12; 2 Co. 9:13; 2 Co. 11:8; Saints (40) hagios means set apart ones, separated ones, sanctified ones, holy ones) is literally a holy one and properly means different, set apart, distinct, holy. It describes one who is set apart for or by God and can be brought near or into God's holy presence. " Its fundamental idea is separation, consecration, devotion to the service of Deity, sharing in God's purity and abstaining from earth's defilement." (Zodhiates) So depending on the context hagios refers to whoever or whatever is set apart (sanctified) for a special purpose. Hagios in Corinthian letters - 1 Co. 1:2; 1 Co. 3:17; 1 Co. 6:1; 1 Co. 6:2; 1 Co. 6:19; 1 Co. 7:14; 1 Co. 7:34; 1 Co. 12:3; 1 Co. 14:33; 1 Co. 16:1; 1 Co. 16:15; 1 Co. 16:20; 2 Co. 1:1; 2 Co. 6:6; 2 Co. 8:4; 2 Co. 9:1; 2 Co. 9:12; 2 Co. 13:12; 2 Co. 13:13; 2 Co. 13:14 Saints have been supernaturally set apart (sanctified by the Holy Spirit, 1Pe 1:2+; 2Th 2:13, Ro 15:16+, Acts 20:32+, Acts 26:18+, 1 Cor 1:30, 6:11) for a special purpose (cp Ep 2:10+ - see also God's Masterpiece, Mt 5:16+, Php 2:15+), set apart from the world (Gal 6:14+, cp Jas 4:4+, 1 Jn 2:15+, 1 Jn 2:16+, 1 Jn 2:17+), the power of Sin and the fallen flesh (Ro 6:6+, Ro 6:11+, Ro 6:12, 13, 6:14+) and the dominion of the devil (Col 1:13+, Acts 26:18+, Heb 2:14, 15+) and unto God (Ro 14:7, 8, 9+). Hagios is Paul's favorite description of believers and designates the believer's position in Christ (see discussion of in Christ and in Christ Jesus) as holy or set apart from that which is secular, profane, and evil and dedicated unto God, His worship and His service (note order - worship before service, cp Mary and Martha - Lk 10:38, 39, 40, 41, 42+). Saints are now to live in this present evil age (Gal 1:4) in a manner which reflects what we were redeemed and "re-created" to be (1Pe 2:24, 25+; cp 2 Cor 7:1+) --- holy ones in character (character is what God knows we are; reputation is who other people think we are) and conduct, set apart by God to be exclusively His possession (1 Cor 6:19, 20+, Titus 2:14+) manifesting holiness of heart. Contrary to some religious teachings, the Bible itself never uses the word hagios or saint to refer to a "special class" of believers who are a "notch above" the rest. We are all equal at the foot of His Cross! (cp 2 Cor 3:5,6+, saints have "a faith of the same kind" as Peter! - 2Pe 1:1+) FOURTEEN PRINCIPLES OF GRACE GIVING Believer's Study Bible - These two chapters comprise the second major section of 2 Corinthians and deal with the collection for the poverty-stricken church at Jerusalem (cf. 1Cor. 16:1, 2). Here we find the most detailed and significant teaching in the Word of God about what Paul calls the grace of giving. No less than 14 principles are discovered as these chapters are examined (SEE CHART BELOW). The Corinthians had been enthusiastic in responding to the needs of their fellow saints at Jerusalem. However, circumstances had arisen which had caused them not to complete their service or ministry in this area (cf. 2Co 8:10, 11; 2Co 9:1-5). With encouragement and optimism, Paul pens these verses to express his confidence that they will show themselves worthy of his previous boasting with regard to their grace in giving. The contemporary church would do well to consider carefully Paul's specific principles for stewardship in the work of the Lord. (The Believer's Study Bible:) 2 Corinthians 9:2 for I know your readiness, of which I boast about you to the Macedonians, namely, that Achaia has been prepared since last year, and your zeal has stirred up most of them. AMP For I am well acquainted with your willingness (your readiness and your eagerness to promote it) and I have proudly told about you to the people of Macedonia, saying that Achaia (most of Greece) has been prepared since last year for this contribution; and [consequently] your enthusiasm has stimulated the majority of them. KJV 2 Corinthians 9:2 For I know the forwardness of your mind, for which I boast of you to them of Macedonia, that Achaia was ready a year ago; and your zeal hath provoked very many. NET 2 Corinthians 9:2 because I know your eagerness to help. I keep boasting to the Macedonians about this eagerness of yours, that Achaia has been ready to give since last year, and your zeal to participate has stirred up most of them. BGT 2 Corinthians 9:2 οἶδα γὰρ τὴν προθυμίαν ὑμῶν ἣν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν καυχῶμαι Μακεδόσιν, ὅτι Ἀχαΐα παρεσκεύασται ἀπὸ πέρυσι, καὶ τὸ ὑμῶν ζῆλος ἠρέθισεν τοὺς πλείονας. NLT 2 Corinthians 9:2 For I know how eager you are to help, and I have been boasting to the churches in Macedonia that you in Greece were ready to send an offering a year ago. In fact, it was your enthusiasm that stirred up many of the Macedonian believers to begin giving. ESV 2 Corinthians 9:2 for I know your readiness, of which I boast about you to the people of Macedonia, saying that Achaia has been ready since last year. And your zeal has stirred up most of them. The Message I know you’re on board and ready to go. I’ve been bragging about you all through Macedonia province, telling them, “Achaia province has been ready to go on this since last year.” Your enthusiasm by now has spread to most of them NIV 2 Corinthians 9:2 For I know your eagerness to help, and I have been boasting about it to the Macedonians, telling them that since last year you in Achaia were ready to give; and your enthusiasm has stirred most of them to action. YLT 2 Corinthians 9:2 for I have known your readiness of mind, which in your behalf I boast of to Macedonians, that Achaia hath been prepared a year ago, and the zeal of you did stir up the more part, ASV 2 Corinthians 9:2 for I know your readiness, of which I glory on your behalf to them of Macedonia, that Achaia hath been prepared for a year past; and your zeal hath stirred up very many of them. CSB 2 Corinthians 9:2 For I know your eagerness, and I brag about you to the Macedonians: "Achaia has been prepared since last year," and your zeal has stirred up most of them. for I know your readiness: 2Co 8:8,10,19 1Th 1:7 I boast: 2Co 8:24 that Achaia has been prepared since last year,: 2Co 1:1 8:10 1Co 16:15 and your zeal has stirred up most of them: 2Co 8:8 Heb 10:24 2 Corinthians 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 2 Corinthians 1:1+ (CORINTH WAS IN PROVINCE OF ACHAIA) Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, To the church of God which is at Corinth with all the saints who are throughout Achaia: Hebrews 10:24-25+ and let us consider how to stimulate one another to love and good deeds, ot forsaking our own assembling together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another; and all the more as you see the day (THE END OF THIS AGE - SECOND COMING) drawing near. GIVING IS ENTHUSIASTIC AND CONTAGIOUS Here Paul speaks of some of the principles of giving, the first being of practicing what you said you would do. Notice that he is not questioning their original intentions or implying they did not mean what they had said earlier in the last year. He acknowledges that they were ready and willing. In 2Co 8 Paul used the Macedonian believers as examples to encourage the Corinthians(2Co 8:1). Now he describes how the Corinthians to encouraged the Macedonians. THOUGHT - One application is that every church is part of the body of Christ (Col 2:19) and we need each other and should stimulate one another to love and good deeds, rather than compete with one another! We are on the same team! May our Father enable us all to lay aside the fleshly sins of jealousy and envy for the sake of the unity of the Spirit (Eph 4:3), for the sake of His great Name. Amen. Warren
2 Coríntios 9
Utley on righteousness - This quote includes one of the rare uses of the term “righteousness” to refer to human action (cf. Matt. 6:1). In Judaism it came to refer to the weekly practice of Jewish almsgiving for the poor of the synagogue (cf. Ps. 112:1–6). Usually in the NT, righteousness is a gift of God in Christ apart from human action or merit. Lowery on "Practical righteousness endures forever not only through the deeds but in the doer as he is progressively transformed into Christlikeness (2 Cor. 3:18). Ultimately a believer's reward is the culmination of the process (Phil. 3:14, 21). The One who supplies what is needed is God alone (Phil. 2:13) (The Bible Knowledge Commentary) Written (1125) grapho from root graph- = primarily means to scratch on or engrave as on an ornament, reports, letters, etc; English = graph, graphic, etc) means to engrave or inscribe with a pen or stylus characters or letters on a surface which can be wood, wax, metal, leather, stone, parchment, dirt (John ), paper, etc. Scattered abroad (4650) skorpizo means scatter or disperse, to cause a group or gathering to go in various directions, scatter, disperse. It is the opposite sunago (gather). It is used as a metaphor drawn from seed sowing, for what one does to help those in need distribute, disperse, give generously (2Co 9.9) In the NT skorpizo is used of "scattering" sheep (John 10:12) and, of "scattering" men in Mt 12:30; Luke 11:23; and John 16:32. Poor (3993)(penes from penomai = to work for one’s daily bread) describes one with few provisions but not yet at the point of begging and still able to help oneself through his own labor or toil. In classical Greek usage the penēs are those who expend great personal energy to earn a living. While they are contrasted with the wealthy, it is not so much in terms of possessions that they differ (for each may own property, slaves, etc.), but in terms of the requirement that they must labor for their living while the rich may simply live off their personal excess or the efforts of others. Thus, penēs includes self-employed craftsman and artisans, however successful they may be. Care of the penēs, those of low estate, is a form of obligation placed upon the faithful, as the Lord himself is their personal Advocate (Proverbs 22:22f.). Penes is used in the LXX for the "poor" (needy) in Ex 23:6 and in Pr 31:20 where the virtuous woman is seen stretching out her hands to the poor. Penes implies that the man is so poor that he earns his bread by daily labour, but the other word for "poor" is ptochos which is stronger and implies that he is so poor that he lives by begging. All uses of penes in LXX = Exod. 23:3; Exod. 23:6; Deut. 15:11; Deut. 24:14; Deut. 24:15; 1 Sam. 2:8; 2 Sam. 12:1; 2 Sam. 12:3; 2 Sam. 12:4; Job 34:28; Ps. 9:9; Ps. 9:12; Ps. 9:18; Ps. 10:8; Ps. 10:9; Ps. 10:12; Ps. 10:17; Ps. 11:4; Ps. 12:5; Ps. 22:26; Ps. 35:10; Ps. 37:14; Ps. 40:17; Ps. 41:1; Ps. 49:2; Ps. 69:33; Ps. 70:5; Ps. 72:4; Ps. 72:12; Ps. 72:13; Ps. 74:19; Ps. 74:21; Ps. 82:3; Ps. 82:4; Ps. 86:1; Ps. 107:41; Ps. 109:16; Ps. 109:21; Ps. 109:31; Ps. 112:9; Ps. 113:7; Ps. 140:12; Prov. 14:21; Prov. 14:31; Prov. 22:16; Prov. 22:22; Prov. 23:4; Prov. 28:11; Prov. 30:14; Prov. 31:9; Prov. 31:20; Eccl. 4:13; Eccl. 4:14; Eccl. 5:8; Eccl. 6:8; Eccl. 9:15; Eccl. 9:16; Isa. 10:2; Jer. 20:13; Jer. 22:16; Ezek. 16:49; Ezek. 18:12; Ezek. 22:29; Dan. 4:27; Amos 2:6; Amos 4:1; Amos 5:12; Amos 8:4; Zech. 7:10 Endures (abides) (3306)(meno) in simple terms means to remain in the same place or position over a period of time. It means to reside, stay, live, lodge, tarry or dwell. Menō describes something that remains where it is, continues in a fixed state, or endures Forever (165) (aion) generally means an extended period of time and has various meanings depending on the context. Age, referring to an age or time in contrast to kósmos, referring to people or space. Denotes duration or continuance of time, but with great variety. One Way To Help He has dispersed abroad, He has given to the poor. —2 Corinthians 9:9 Today's Scripture: 2 Corinthians 9:6-15 Larry and Betty Bartells had a good life. They had six children, a nice home, good jobs. They could have coasted for the rest of their lives, looking forward to getting that last child through school, and enjoying the post-children time of life. But the Lord wouldn’t let them. He planted in their hearts a love for homeless children. He burdened them about the growing multitudes of children for whom each day is a nightmare of hunger and danger. So at an age when many people are worrying about their investment portfolios and retirement accounts, the Bartells took off for South America to start an orphanage. In Lima, Peru, are hundreds of children to whom home is a foreign term. Larry and Betty found a house big enough for lots of children and opened their doors. Their parental responsibilities exploded as they took in 20 children and made them part of their family. We can’t all do what the Bartells did. But we can all help. We can support reputable children’s ministries financially, promise to pray for them, or get involved in areas closer to home. In so doing, we can scatter abroad our gifts to the poor (2 Cor. 9:9). They sit in darkness, though the day shines bright, The world's children without love— Yet we can lead them safely from the night Through the gospel from above. —JDB Helping a child is an investment in the future. 2 Corinthians 9:10 Now He who supplies seed to the sower and bread for food will supply and multiply your seed for sowing and increase the harvest of your righteousness; Amplified And [God] Who provides seed for the sower and bread for eating will also provide and multiply your [resources for] sowing and increase the fruits of your righteousness [which manifests itself in active goodness, kindness, and charity]. KJV 2 Corinthians 9:10 Now he that ministereth seed to the sower both minister bread for your food, and multiply your seed sown, and increase the fruits of your righteousness NET 2 Corinthians 9:10 Now God who provides seed for the sower and bread for food will provide and multiply your supply of seed and will cause the harvest of your righteousness to grow. BGT 2 Corinthians 9:10 ὁ δὲ ἐπιχορηγῶν σπόρον τῷ σπείροντι καὶ ἄρτον εἰς βρῶσιν χορηγήσει καὶ πληθυνεῖ τὸν σπόρον ὑμῶν καὶ αὐξήσει τὰ γενήματα τῆς δικαιοσύνης ὑμῶν. NLT 2 Corinthians 9:10 For God is the one who provides seed for the farmer and then bread to eat. In the same way, he will provide and increase your resources and then produce a great harvest of generosity in you. ESV 2 Corinthians 9:10 He who supplies seed to the sower and bread for food will supply and multiply your seed for sowing and increase the harvest of your righteousness. NIV 2 Corinthians 9:10 Now he who supplies seed to the sower and bread for food will also supply and increase your store of seed and will enlarge the harvest of your righteousness. YLT 2 Corinthians 9:10 and may He who is supplying seed to the sower, and bread for food, supply and multiply your seed sown, and increase the fruits of your righteousness, ASV 2 Corinthians 9:10 And he that supplieth seed to the sower and bread for food, shall supply and multiply your seed for sowing, and increase the fruits of your righteousness: CSB 2 Corinthians 9:10 Now the One who provides seed for the sower and bread for food will provide and multiply your seed and increase the harvest of your righteousness. MIT 2 Corinthians 9:10 The supplier of seed to the sower—and bread as food—will multiply the supply of your seed; and he will cause an increase in what your integrity produces. J. B. Phillips He who gives the seed to the sower and turns that seed into bread to eat, will give you the seed of generosity to sow and, for harvest, the satisfying bread of good deeds done. The more you are enriched by God the more scope there will be for generous giving, and your gifts, administered through us, will mean that many will thank God.” Now He who supplies seed to the sower: Ge 1:11,12 47:19,23,24 Isa 55:10 multiply: 2Co 9:6 Pr 11:18 Ec 11:6 Php 4:17 increase: Ho 10:12 Mt 6:1 Eph 5:9 Php 1:11 1Th 3:12 4:10 2 Corinthians 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Isaiah 55:10 (GENEROUS GIVING WILL IMPOVERISH NO ONE) “For as the rain and the snow come down from heaven, And do not return there without watering the earth And making it bear and sprout, And furnishing seed to the sower and bread to the eater; Hosea 10:12 (SOW UNTIL HE COMES) Sow with a view to righteousness, Reap in accordance with kindness; Break up your fallow ground, For it is time to seek the LORD Until He comes to rain righteousness on you. 2 Corinthians 9:6 Now this I say, he who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and he who sows bountifully will also reap bountifully. Proverbs 11:18 The wicked earns deceptive wages, But he who sows righteousness gets a true reward. Ecclesiastes 11:6 Sow your seed in the morning and do not be idle in the evening, for you do not know whether morning or evening sowing will succeed, or whether both of them alike will be good. Philippians 4:17 Not that I seek the gift itself, but I seek for the profit which increases to your account. GOD'S SOVEREIGNTY IN SUPPLYING GIVERS The plenitude in nature is a guarantee of the plenitude in grace! -- Wick Broomall Increase harvest of your righteousness does not refer to personal righteousness (salvation) being increased, for all believers are already complete in Christ (Col 2:10+) and 100% righteous before God in Christ. Harvest of your righteousness speaks of the eternal rewards that accrue to righteous behavior of righteous men and women who rely on the enabling power of the Spirit to bear fruit that remains (cf Jn 15:16).