João 2
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
João 2
Utley - Apparently Mary was helping with the arrangements for the wedding. This can be seen in (1) her ordering the servants (cf. v. 5) and (2) her concern over the refreshments (cf. v. 3). These probably were relatives or family friends. John 2:2 and both Jesus and His disciples were invited to the wedding. NET John 2:2 and Jesus and his disciples were also invited to the wedding. GNT John 2:2 ἐκλήθη δὲ καὶ ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν γάμον. NLT John 2:2 and Jesus and his disciples were also invited to the celebration. KJV John 2:2 And both Jesus was called, and his disciples, to the marriage. ESV John 2:2 Jesus also was invited to the wedding with his disciples. NIV John 2:2 and Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. ASV John 2:2 and Jesus also was bidden, and his disciples, to the marriage. CSB John 2:2 Jesus and His disciples were invited to the wedding as well. NKJ John 2:2 Now both Jesus and His disciples were invited to the wedding. NRS John 2:2 Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. YLT John 2:2 and also Jesus was called, and his disciples, to the marriage; NAB John 2:2 Jesus and his disciples were also invited to the wedding. NJB John 2:2 and Jesus and his disciples had also been invited. GWN John 2:2 Jesus and his disciples had been invited too. BBE John 2:2 And Jesus with his disciples came as guests. both: Mt 12:19 Lu 7:34-38 1Co 7:39 10:31 Col 3:17 Rev 3:20 his: Mt 10:40-42 25:40,45 the wedding: Heb 13:4 John 2 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries JESUS AT THE WEDDING IN CANA And both Jesus and His disciples (mathetes) were invited (kaleo) to the wedding - At this time the disciples probably were the five mentioned in John's account - Andrew, Simon Peter, Philip, Nathanael, and the unnamed disciple (Jn 1:35+) who was surely John himself. (Jn 1:35-51+) And Jesus accepted the invitation for He was not an ascetic. As an aside this must have been quite a change for the former disciples of John and his relatively ascetic lifestyle. Later He describes how His opponents attempted to slander Him "The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Behold, a gluttonous man and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ Yet wisdom is vindicated by her deeds.” (Mt. 11:19+). THOUGHT- Note the high honour our Lord places upon marriage. By his presence at the marriage feast, the Son of God said, ‘This is an honourable thing’ (Genesis 1:28; 2:18–25; Hebrews 13:4). One of the first steps toward moral decadence in any society is a low esteem for this ordinance of God. Where there is no sanctity of marriage, there is no regard for God or his law, no regard for moral decency, and no regard for human life. These things stand and fall together! (Don Fortner) NET Note - There is no clue to the identity of the bride and groom, but in all probability either relatives or friends of Jesus' family were involved, since Jesus' mother and both Jesus and his disciples were invited to the celebration. The attitude of Mary in approaching Jesus and asking him to do something when the wine ran out also suggests that familial obligations were involved.
João 2
Utley - This wine is obviously fermented, as seen in (1) comment of master of ceremonies, Jn 2:9–10; (2) the Jewish customs in Jesus’ day; and (3) the lack of hygienic processes or chemical additives. Mary knew Oriental hospitality would consider a shortage of wine a disgraceful calamity so she spoke to her Son. Why did she speak to Jesus regarding the deficit? Because she knew Who He really was! (see Lk 1:26-38+) As alluded to earlier, the running out of wine is an ironic reminder that first-century Judaism was spiritually empty. Empty religious works that would never satisfy in time or eternity. THOUGHT - How about you dear reader? Are you like the wine pots? Empty. Are you spiritually barren and need to do what Mary did and go to Jesus and ask Him to (miraculously) fill your emptiness with His sufficiency which He will do if you come to Him by grace through faith and repent and believe on Him and His fully atoning sacrificial death in your place, as your substitute! Then you can experience life and experience it abundantly (Jn 10:10b+). Thomas
João 2
Utley has an interesting comment - This feast is the only means we have of dating Jesus’ ministry. The other Gospels imply that Jesus ministered for only one year. But John mentions three Passovers: (1)Jn 2:13, 23; (2) Jn 6:4 and (3) Jn 11:55; 12:1; 13:1; 18:28, 39; 19:14. There is also a possibility of a fourth in Jn 5:1. We do not know how long Jesus’ active public ministry lasted, but John’s Gospel suggests that it was at least three years. Passover (3957)(pascha is the transliteration of the Hebrew word pesach/pesah (06453) which is a masculine noun thought by some writers (Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon) to have its origin from pacach/pasah which apparently means to pass over; to spare (Ex 12:13, 23, 27 - "Jehovah will pass"). Depending on the context, pascha refers to the Passover lamb (Lk 22:7), the Passover meal (Lk 22:8), or the festival of Passover (Lk 22:1). The whole feast, including the paschal eve, is called the festival of Unleavened Bread (Ex 23:15; Lv 23:6; Ezra 6:22; Lu 22:1, 7; Acts 12:3; 20:6); but the simple name “Passover” (when they celebrate the "Passover Seder") is the one commonly used by the Jews to the present day for the festival of Unleavened Bread (2Chr 30:15; 35:1, 11; Mk 14:1) All NT uses of pascha - Matt. 26:2; Matt. 26:17; Matt. 26:18; Matt. 26:19; Mk. 14:1; Mk. 14:12; Mk. 14:14; Mk. 14:16; Lk. 2:41; Lk. 22:1; Lk. 22:7; Lk. 22:8; Lk. 22:11; Lk. 22:13; Lk. 22:15; Jn. 2:13; Jn. 2:23; Jn. 6:4; Jn. 11:55; Jn. 12:1; Jn. 13:1; Jn. 18:28; Jn. 18:39; Jn. 19:14; Acts 12:4; 1 Co. 5:7; Heb. 11:28
João 2
Utley - Herod the Great expanded and remodeled the second temple (from Zerubbabal’s days, cf. Haggai) to placate the Jews. Josephus tells us that it was started in 20 or 19 B.C. If this is correct, it means that this particular incident occurred in the year 27–28 AD. We also know that the work continued on the temple until 64 A.D. This temple had become the great Jewish hope (cf. Jer. 7). (John 2 Commentary) Bell - The Jews missed the symbolic for the literal. They will again with: the new birth; the living water; the eating of flesh & drinking of blood! Ryle on raise it up in three days - That this saying of our Lord, nevertheless, was not thrown away and forgotten, but stuck in the minds of the Jews, though they did not understand it, is strikingly proved by two facts.—One is, that the false witnesses brought it forward, though in a garbled form, when our Lord was arraigned before the high priests.—The other is, that the Jews taunted Him with it when He hung on the cross. (Matt. 26:61; 27:40.)
João 2
Utley - Jesus knew why He came. There seem to be at least three purposes: (1) to reveal God; (2) to model true humanity; and (3) to give His life a ransom for many. It is this last purpose that this verse addresses (cf. Mark 10:45; John 12:23, 27; 13:1–3; 17:1). (John 2 Commentary) John 2:22 So when He was raised from the dead, His disciples remembered that He said this; and they believed the Scripture and the word which Jesus had spoken NET John 2:22 So after he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this, and they believed the scripture and the saying that Jesus had spoken. GNT John 2:22 ὅτε οὖν ἠγέρθη ἐκ νεκρῶν, ἐμνήσθησαν οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ὅτι τοῦτο ἔλεγεν, καὶ ἐπίστευσαν τῇ γραφῇ καὶ τῷ λόγῳ ὃν εἶπεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς. NLT John 2:22 After he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered he had said this, and they believed both the Scriptures and what Jesus had said. KJV John 2:22 When therefore he was risen from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this unto them; and they believed the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said. ESV John 2:22 When therefore he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this, and they believed the Scripture and the word that Jesus had spoken. NIV John 2:22 After he was raised from the dead, his disciples recalled what he had said. Then they believed the Scripture and the words that Jesus had spoken. ASV John 2:22 When therefore he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he spake this; and they believed the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said. CSB John 2:22 So when He was raised from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this. And they believed the Scripture and the statement Jesus had made. NKJ John 2:22 Therefore, when He had risen from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this to them; and they believed the Scripture and the word which Jesus had said. NRS John 2:22 After he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this; and they believed the scripture and the word that Jesus had spoken. YLT John 2:22 when, then, he was raised out of the dead, his disciples remembered that he said this to them, and they believed the Writing, and the word that Jesus said. NAB John 2:22 Therefore, when he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this, and they came to believe the scripture and the word Jesus had spoken. NJB John 2:22 and when Jesus rose from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this, and they believed the scripture and what he had said. GWN John 2:22 After he came back to life, his disciples remembered that he had said this. So they believed the Scripture and this statement that Jesus had made. BBE John 2:22 So when he had come back again from the dead, the memory of these words came back to the disciples, and they had faith in the holy Writings and in the word which Jesus had said. His disciples: Joh 2:17 Jn 12:16 Jn 14:26 Jn 16:4 Lu 24:7,8,44 Ac 11:16 and they believed: Joh 2:11 Jn 20:8,9 John 2 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries BELIEF IN SCRIPTURES AND SOUND WORDS NOT MIRACULOUS SIGNS So when He was raised from the dead His disciples remembered that He said this - Was raised is the divine passive speaking of the role of the Father (Gal 1:1+, Ro 10:9+), the Spirit (Ro 1:4NLT+, Ro 8:11+) and even the Son (read Jn 10:17–18) in the resurrection of Jesus! (See Who resurrected Jesus?) The resurrection changes everything! John later gives a "commentary" writing "These things His disciples did not understand at the first; but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered (mimnesko) that these things were written of Him, and that they had done these things to Him." (John 12:16+) Their memory "Aid" of course would be the Holy Spirit! Have you ever considered that the Holy Spirit is the One Who enables our memory regarding spiritual truth? When the "shaky" disciples remembered what Jesus had told them, their faith was strengthened for "faith comes from hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ." (Ro 10:17+). John's statement in this passage is in a sense a fulfillment of Jesus' prophetic promises to His disciples in the Upper Room Discourse... John 14:26 “But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, Whom the Father will send in My name, He will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance (hupomimnesko) all that I said to you. (See also Illumination) John 16:4 “But these things I have spoken to you, so that when their hour comes, you may remember (mnemoneuo) that I told you of them. These things I did not say to you at the beginning, because I was with you. Was raised (1453)(egeiro) means to rise (stand up) from a sitting or lying position (Mt 8:26, 9:5), to awaken from sleep (Mt 8:25), figuratively to "awaken" from death (rise up) as used in this passage. The idea of wake up from death is conveyed by egeiro because sleep was used as metaphor of death for believers (there is however no "soul sleep") In the NT egeiro is found 141 times and 73 refer to the resurrection of the dead. Of these 73, with about 48 referring to the resurrection of Jesus = Ro 4:24, 25; 6:4, 9; 7:4; 8:11 (2x), Ro 8:34; 10:9; 13:11; 1Cor 6:14; 15:4, 12, 13, 14, 15 (2x), 1Cor 15:16 (2x), 1Cor 15:17, 20, 29, 32, 35, 42, 43 (2x), 1Cor 15:52; 2Cor 1:9; 4:14 (2x); 5:15; Gal 1:1; Eph 1:20; 5:14; Col 2:12; 1Th 1:10; 2Ti 2:8. Egeiro is the verb Paul characteristically used when speaking of Jesus being raised from the dead (although his favorite noun for "resurrection" was anastasis). Egeiro is used 19x in the "Resurrection Chapter" 1 Corinthians 15 and Paul uses the perfect tense when referring to Christ's resurrection (1Cor 15:4, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 29) which describes a past completed action with continuing effect. In short it speaks of the permanent effect of Christ's resurrection! The Risen Lord tells John "(I am - Rev 1:17+) the living One; and I was dead, and behold, I am alive forevermore, and I have the keys of death and of Hades." (Rev 1:18+) Disciples (3101) see mathetes Remembered (3403)(mimnesko) means to bring to mind or think of again. It means to keep in mind for attention or consideration. Most of the NT uses convey this sense of recalling information from memory. Related Resources: Who resurrected Jesus? First Fruits as a prophetic picture of Christ's Resurrection The Sign of Jonah as a prophecy of Christ's Resurrection The "Third Day" in Hosea - Does it predict Christ's Resurrection? Resurrection in the Old Testament The Two Resurrections - "First" and "Second" - on a timeline When will the Resurrection take place? Seven Resurrections in Scripture Why is the resurrection of Jesus Christ important? Why should I believe in Christ’s resurrection? Is the resurrection of Jesus Christ true? What happens after death? And they believed the Scripture and the word (logos) which Jesus had spoken (see Jn 3:34+) - What does it mean they believed the Scripture? After Jesus' resurrection, they understood and believed the OT prophecies that He would be resurrected. For example we see this remembrance in Peter's pentecostal proclamation in Acts 2:24-28, 29+ in which he quotes the prophecy of the resurrection from Ps 16:8-11 as the Spirit brought this truth to his memory - Jn 14:26, cf Jn 16:13, Acts 13:35+. Don't miss the fact that in this passage John under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit places the Scripture directly next to the word which Jesus had spoken! What is the implication? Both are inspired and inerrant! In fact, in Rev 19:13+ John referred to Jesus as "The Word of God." The disciples believed "the Word of God" and "the Word Who was God!" (cf Jn 1:14+). And not that their belief was saving belief in contrast to the many who simply believed in Jesus' signs but not in the "Sign Producer." The foundation for the belief of the disciples was not miracles of power but the Word of power. Luke 1:37ASV+ says "No word of God shall be void of power." Pauls says "the word of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God." (cf 2 Cor 6:7+, 1 Th 1:5+, Heb 1:3+) As noted in John 14:26 the Spirit brought to their "remembrance all that" Jesus had spoken to them. So the basis of their faith was the prophetic Word (OT) about Christ and the spoken Word of Christ. Scripture is graphe (here in the singular) and in virtually all of the 51 NT uses it refers to the Old Testament writings. John does not tell us whether the Spirit brought multiple Messianic prophecies or a specific passage to their minds such as the prophecy of Messiah's resurrection in Ps 16:10 (as quoted by Peter) "For You will not abandon my soul to Sheol; Nor will You allow Your Holy One to undergo decay." Or perhaps He brought a passage to mind such as the Messianic prophecy in Isaiah 53:12+ "Therefore, I will allot Him a portion with the great, And He will divide the booty with the strong; Because He poured out Himself to death, And was numbered with the transgressors; Yet He Himself bore the sin of many, And interceded for the transgressors." John 20:8; 9 So the other disciple who had first come to the tomb then also entered, and he (APOSTLE JOHN) saw and believed. 9 For as yet they did not understand the Scripture, that He must rise again from the dead. Luke 24:44+ - Now He said to them, “These are My words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things which are written about Me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.”