1 Coríntios 15
Bruce Hurt · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Coríntios 15
1 CORINTHIANS - PROBLEMS OF A LOCAL CHURCH Charts from Jensen's Survey of the NT - used by permission 1 Corinthians 15:1 Now I make known to you, brethren, the gospel which I preached to you, which also you received, in which also you stand, (NASB 1995 - Lockman) Now I make known 1Co 15:3-11 1:23,24 2:2-7 Ac 18:4,5 Ga 1:6-12 which also you received 1Co 1:4-8 Mk 4:16-20 Joh 12:48 Ac 2:41 11:1 1Th 1:6 2:13 4:1 2Th 3:6 in which also you stand: Ro 5:2 2Co 1:24 1Pe 5:12 See also The Resurrection of Christ 1 Corinthians 15 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries LET'S REVIEW THE GOSPEL YOU RECEIVED For in depth commentary see 1 Corinthians 15:1 (For the most part the notes below are not duplicated on the in depth commentary). Robertson and Plummer - Having treated of various social, moral, ecclesiastical, and liturgical questions, the Apostle now takes up a doctrinal one, which he has kept to the last because of its vital importance. Calvin suggests that St Paul did not wish to treat of so momentous a subject until, by the rebukes and exhortations of the previous chapters, he had brought the Corinthians to a proper state of mind. There is here no trace of a question asked by the Corinthians: this subject St Paul starts himself, in consequence of information which has reached him. Thus the letter begins and ends in a similar way. At the outset he treated of a subject which had been reported to him (1 Cor 1:11), and he closes with one which again was suggested by what he had heard (1 Cor 15:12),—that there were certain people at Corinth who denied the doctrine of the Resurrection. Who these persons were we do not know. (1 Corinthians 15 Commentary) Stevenson - The resurrection is both hard to believe and yet is the central truth of Christianity. We believe that a man died and was placed into the ground and that He rose again from the dead. Because we believe that, we believe a lot of other things. Because he rose, we know that He was really who He said He was. Because he rose, we believe that our sins are forgiven. Because he rose, we have a reason for living. Because he rose, we know that we are going to grow when they plant us in the ground. There once was a woman who was planing to move to another city. She had already packed her furniture and she had only her dog left, a brown cocker spaniel. She placed her dog into a cage, had it crated, and instructed the movers to transport it to her new home. When the movers had arrived at the new city, they opened the cage and found that the dog was dead. This through them into something of a panic until one of them had an idea. "We can go out and find another dog to replace this one and she will never know the difference." With this plan, the men scoured every pet store in the city until the found a dog that looked exactly like the one that had died. They purchased him and placed him in the cage and closed it up to await the coming of the woman. When she arrived, they opened the cage for her and, as her eyes saw the dog jumping and barking in the cage, her jaw dropped and her eyes became as wide as saucers. "Is anything wrong," they asked. Still staring at the barking dog, she replied, "Yes there is. When I put that dog in there, it was dead." The Greeks had a problem in believing the resurrection. They believed in the immortality of the soul, but they never conceived in a resurrection of the body. The Greek philosophers taught that the body was evil while the soul was good. In this light, death was considered to be the final release of the soul from the body. The body was considered to be a prison. The soul was the prisoner. They held that if a man was to be free from sin, then his soul must be free from its prison house - the body. This philosophy was reflected in the reaction of the men of Athens when Paul preached to them on the Areopagus (Acts 17:22-32). It was when Paul mentioned the truth of the resurrection of the dead that they began to turn away and to mock. "Now when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some began to sneer, but others said, "We shall hear you again concerning this." (Acts 17:32+). The preaching of the resurrection was a stumbling block to the Greeks in the same way that the preaching of the cross was a stumbling block to the Jews. Jack Arnold (1 Corinthians 15:1-11 The Resurrection And The Gospel) - Most of the Corinthian Christians were heavily influenced by Greek philosophy which taught that the body was a prison for the soul and at death the soul was set free from the body and passed on into eternal oblivion. Therefore, there were some who were questioning whether Christians would be raised bodily from the dead. The fact of Christ’s resurrection, while questioned by some, was generally assumed, for He was a unique case. In some ways we can be thankful for this serious doctrinal error, for had it not happened we would have never had this marvelous chapter on the resurrection. There are three basic points about this chapter that must be understood. First, as we have said, it is speaking about the resurrection of the body and not the immortality of the soul, for any Greek would admit the soul survived after death. The resurrection of the body is unique and peculiar to Christianity. Second, this chapter is dealing with the resurrection of Christians and not unbelievers. The Bible teaches that all men will get a resurrected body but some will be raised to eternal bliss and others to eternal destruction. John 5:28-29 “Do not marvel at this; for an hour is coming, in which all who are in the tombs will hear His voice, 29 and will come forth; those who did the good deeds to a resurrection of life, those who committed the evil deeds to a resurrection of judgment. Third, the Apostle Paul is describing an event that will take place at the Second Advent at which time Christ will make a personal appearance on this earth. This chapter says nothing about the experience of believers between death and resurrection. Yet, the Bible seems to imply that the God-spirit of the Christian at death will go directly to be with Christ, waiting the final resurrection. 2 Cor 5:8+ we are of good courage, I say, and prefer rather to be absent from the body and to be at home with the Lord. Php 1:23+ But I am hard-pressed from both directions, having the desire to depart and be with Christ, for that is very much better; Now I (present tense - continually) make known (gnorizo - remind, clarify, make clear) to you, brethren (adelphos affectionate address, as fellow believers), the gospel (Good News - euaggelion) which I preached (euaggelizo/euangelizo) to you (in the past), which also you received (paralambano - took to your side, received with favor, "welcomed"), in which also you stand (perfect tense - took a stand and continue now in a state of standing) - Note that Paul does not say "a Gospel" but "THE Gospel," the specific, definitive Gospel. Why "THE Gospel? In 2 Cor 11:4 Paul warned "For if one comes and preaches another Jesus whom we have not preached, or you receive a different spirit which you have not received, or a different gospel which you have not accepted, you bear this beautifully." While he is being sarcastic, the warning is serious to be alert for a counterfeit gospel, which is not THE gospel. That is why 1 Cor 15:1-8 is absolutely critical to understand and receive. Make known can be translated remind, indicating this is not new revelation to the Corinthians. It makes a good point that since we are still human, we have a tendency to forget things, so it is important to be reminded, especially if the truth and implications regarding eternal life as does THE Gospel! Received is to formally accept favorably authoritative teaching. Note in what they are now "standing." This is their abiding condition. The Gospel! The Gospel is surely firm ground on which to stand and to base our entire life, in this life and the life to come. Richard Pratt on in which you stand - In Paul's day being a Christian was more than intellectual assent to a group of doctrines. The social price that followers of Christ paid forced them to take a stand in a hostile world. (Holman NT Commentary) Barnett on on in which you stand - That church – and every other church – 'stands in it', that is, exists by means of it. The gospel is the very 'means' of a church's existence. It may have a noticeboard bearing the word 'church', but unless that assembly is founded on the gospel it is a church in name only. (Focus on the Bible Commentary – 1 Corinthians: Holiness and Hope of a Rescued People) Still New I declare to you the gospel which I preached to you. —1 Corinthians 15:1 Today's Scripture: 1 Corinthians 15:1-8 Did you ever notice how quickly things get old or outdated? I thought about this the other day as I taught my class at a Christian college. They’re on the cutting edge by providing a laptop computer for each student. It wasn’t too long ago when it was innovative for a college to have computers for students in the library. Then it was cutting edge to provide them for dorm rooms. But someday even personal laptops will become obsolete as well. Everything man creates will eventually go out of date. Everything gets old. Everything, that is, but the gospel. The gospel is over 2,000 years old. And though there have been a lot of updated Bible translations, the gospel is still as relevant today as it was when it was written. The gospel is this: Jesus Christ came to earth, lived a perfect life, gave up His life by being sacrificed on a cross, was buried in a borrowed tomb, and was raised from the dead 3 days later (1 Cor. 15:1-4). Because He took our punishment for sin on Himself, He can forgive our sins and make us children of God if we put our faith and trust in Him (Acts 13:38-39). O cleansing Word, O precious Word, Thy promises are true; They are the “Amen” in my life; Thy truths are ever new. —Anon. The gospel never grows old. 1 Corinthians 15:2 by which also you are saved, if you hold fast the word which I preached to you, unless you believed in vain. (NASB 1995 - Lockman) by which also you are saved 1Co 1:18,21 Ac 2:47 *Gr: Ro 1:16 2Co 2:15 Eph 2:8 2Ti 1:9 if you hold fast the word, 1Co 15:11,12 Pr 3:1 4:13 6:20-23 23:23 Col 1:23 2Th 2:15 Heb 2:1 Heb 3:6,14 4:14 10:23 unless you believed in vain: 1Co 15:14 Ps 106:12,13 Lu 8:13 Joh 8:31,32, 44 Ac 8:13 2Co 6:1 Ga 3:4 Jas 2:14,17,26 See also The Resurrection of Christ 1 Corinthians 15 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 1 Corinthians 1:18+ For the word of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved (progressive sanctification) it is the power of God. 2 Thessalonians 2:15+ So then, brethren, stand firm and hold to the traditions which you were taught, whether by word of mouth or by letter from us. Hebrews 3:6+ but Christ was faithful as a Son over His house–whose house we are, if we hold fast our confidence and the boast of our hope firm until the end. (aka Perseverance), Hebrews 3:14+ For we have become partakers of Christ, if we hold fast the beginning of our assurance firm until the end (aka Perseverance), COMMENT - We hold fast to the end because the Spirit holds us fast, enabling us to hold fast. This shows that this person has the indwelling Spirit. John 8:31-32, 44-45, 58-59+ (EXAMPLE OF THOSE WHO DID NOT HOLD FAST!) So Jesus was saying to those Jews who had believed Him, “If you continue in My word, then you are truly disciples of Mine; 32 and you will know the truth, and the truth will make you free.”.....44 “You are of your father the devil, and you want to do the desires of your father. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth because there is no truth in him. Whenever he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own nature, for he is a liar and the father of lies. 45 “But because I speak the truth, you do not believe Me."....58 Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, before Abraham was born, I am.”(JESUS' CLAIM HE WAS YAHWEH, GOD!) 59 Therefore they picked up stones to throw at Him, but Jesus hid Himself and went out of the temple. 1 John 2:19+ They went out from us, but they were not really of us; for if they had been of us, they would have remained with us; but they went out, so that it would be shown that they all are not of us. Acts 8:13-24+ Even Simon himself believed; and after being baptized, he continued on with Philip, and as he observed signs and great miracles taking place, he was constantly amazed. 14 Now when the apostles in Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent them Peter and John, 15 who came down and prayed for them that they might receive the Holy Spirit. 16 For He had not yet fallen upon any of them; they had simply been baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. 17 Then they began laying their hands on them, and they were receiving the Holy Spirit. 18 Now when Simon saw that the Spirit was bestowed through the laying on of the apostles’ hands, he offered them money, 19 saying, “Give this authority to me as well, so that everyone on whom I lay my hands may receive the Holy Spirit.” 20 But Peter said to him, “May your silver perish with you, because you thought you could obtain the gift of God with money! 21 “You have no part or portion in this matter, for your heart is not right before God. 22 “Therefore repent of this wickedness of yours, and pray the Lord that, if possible, the intention of your heart may be forgiven you. 23 “For I see that you are in the gall of bitterness and in the bondage of iniquity.” 24 But Simon answered and said, “Pray to the Lord for me yourselves, so that nothing of what you have said may come upon me.” James 2:14-26+ - What use is it, my brethren, if someone says he has faith but he has no works? Can that faith save him? 15 If a brother or sister is without clothing and in need of daily food, 16 and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, be warmed and be filled,” and yet you do not give them what is necessary for their body, what use is that? 17 Even so faith, if it has no works, is dead, being by itself. 18 But someone may well say, “You have faith and I have works; show me your faith without the works, and I will show you my faith by my works.” 19 You believe that God is one. You do well; the demons also believe, and shudder. 20 But are you willing to recognize, you foolish fellow, that faith without works is useless? 21 Was not Abraham our father justified (IN THIS CONTEXT, NOT DECLARED RIGHTEOUS BUT SHOWN TO BE RIGHTEOUS) by works when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar? 22 You see that faith was working with his works, and as a result of the works, faith was perfected; 23 and the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “AND ABRAHAM BELIEVED GOD, AND IT WAS RECKONED TO HIM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS,” and he was called the friend of God. 24 You see that a man is justified (SHOWN TO BE RIGHTEOUS) by works and not by faith alone. 25In the same way, was not Rahab the harlot also justified by works when she received the messengers and sent them out by another way? 26 For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so also faith without works is dead. THOSE TRULY SAVED WILL HOLD FAST TO THE END For in depth commentary see 1 Corinthians 15:2 (For the most part the notes below are not duplicated on the in depth commentary). By which also you are saved (sozo) - By which is by the Gospel. Are saved is present tense, passive voice (= divine passive) and thus could be rendered "you are being saved." Yes, salvation in respect to justification ("positional") is a once and for all completed divine transaction ("past tense salvation" - cf Eph 2:8+ has "have been saved" - perfect tense - past completed action with continuing effect), but believers are being saved daily, even moment by moment, and this ongoing salvation is the equivalent of progressive sanctification or so-called "present tense salvation." (See Three Tenses of Salvation) How are we being saved daily? By the Gospel! Earlier Paul alluded to progressive sanctification in 1 Cor 1:18+ writing " the word of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved (present tense, divine passive) it is the power of God." As Arnold says "Through every trial, every difficulty, every hurt and every blessing, God is presently saving the Christian, conforming him more and more to the image of Christ. He is saving us so that our time on this earth will be meaningful and profitable. The gospel does save us and is saving us right now. We need the gospel today as much as we needed it the day we were first saved. As Christians we must be constantly going back to the truths of the Cross - forgiveness, acceptance, righteousness, grace, love and mercy." (1 Corinthians 15:1-11 The Resurrection And The Gospel) if you (present tense - continually) hold fast (katecho = "continue to believe") the word (logos - in context the Gospel) which I preached (euaggelizo/euangelizo) to you, unless you believed (pisteuo) in vain (eike - without effect, all for naught, thoughtlessly, without proper consideration) - They continue to hold fast to the end (of their life or this present evil age) because they have a supernatural power, the Spirit, within them, and it is He Who enables them to do supernaturally what they could never do naturally in reliance on their fallen flesh. How important is the resurrection in salvation? Paul includes belief in the resurrection as part of the confession of a genuine believer that if you confess with your mouth Jesus as Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved; 10 for with the heart a person believes, resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses, resulting in salvation. (Ro 10:9-10+)
1 Coríntios 15:9
1 CORINTHIANS - PROBLEMS OF A LOCAL CHURCH Charts from Jensen's Survey of the NT - used by permission 1 Corinthians 15 Verse by Verse Comments 1 Corinthians 15:1 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:2 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:3 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:4 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:5 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:6 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:7 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:8 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:9 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:10 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:11 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:12 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:13 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:14 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:15 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:16 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:17 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:18 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:19 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:20 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:21 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:22 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:23 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:24 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:25 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:26 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:27 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:28 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:29 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:30 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:31 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:32 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:33 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:34 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:35 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:36 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:37 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:38 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:39 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:40 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:41 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:42 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:43 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:44 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:45 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:46 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:47 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:48 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:49 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:50 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:51 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:52 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:53 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:54 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:55 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:56 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:57 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:58 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:9 For I am the least of the apostles, and not fit to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. (NASB: Lockman) Greek: Ego gar eimi (1SPAI) o elachistos ton apostolon, os ouk eimi (1SPAI) hikanos kaleisthai (PPN) apostolos, dioti edioxa (1SAAI) ten ekklesian tou theou; Amplified: For I am the least [worthy] of the apostles, who am not fit or deserving to be called an apostle, because I once wronged and pursued and molested the church of God [oppressing it with cruelty and violence]. (Amplified Bible - Lockman)
1 Coríntios 15:10
1 CORINTHIANS - PROBLEMS OF A LOCAL CHURCH Charts from Jensen's Survey of the NT - used by permission 1 Corinthians 15 Verse by Verse Comments 1 Corinthians 15:1 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:2 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:3 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:4 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:5 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:6 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:7 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:8 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:9 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:10 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:11 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:12 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:13 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:14 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:15 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:16 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:17 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:18 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:19 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:20 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:21 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:22 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:23 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:24 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:25 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:26 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:27 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:28 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:29 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:30 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:31 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:32 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:33 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:34 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:35 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:36 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:37 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:38 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:39 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:40 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:41 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:42 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:43 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:44 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:45 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:46 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:47 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:48 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:49 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:50 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:51 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:52 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:53 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:54 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:55 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:56 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:57 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:58 Commentary 1 Corinthians 15:10 But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His grace toward me did not prove vain; but I labored even more than all of them, yet not I, but the grace of God with me. (NASB: Lockman) Greek: chariti de theou eimi (1SPAI) o eimi, (1SPAI) kai e charis autou e eis eme ou kene egenethe, (3SAPI) alla perissoteron auton panton ekopiasa, (1SAAI) ouk ego de alla e charis tou theou [e] sun emoi. Amplified: But by the grace (the unmerited favor and blessing) of God I am what I am, and His grace toward me was not [found to be] for nothing (fruitless and without effect). In fact, I worked harder than all of them [the apostles], though it was not really I, but the grace (the unmerited favor and blessing) of God which was with me. (Amplified Bible - Lockman)
1 Coríntios 15:58
1 CORINTHIANS - PROBLEMS OF A LOCAL CHURCH Charts from Jensen's Survey of the NT - used by permission 1 Corinthians 15:58 Therefore, my beloved brethren, be steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that your (the) toil is not in vain in the Lord. (NASB: Lockman) Greek: Hoste, adelphoi mou agaphetoi, hedraioi ginesthe, (2PPMM) ametakinetoi, perisseuontes (PAPMPN) en to ergo tou kuriou pantote, eidotes (RAPMPN) hoti o kopos humon ouk estin ( 3SPAI) kenos en kurio. Amplified: Therefore, my beloved brethren, be firm (steadfast), immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord [always being superior, excelling, doing more than enough in the service of the Lord], knowing and being continually aware that your labor in the Lord is not futile [it is never wasted or to no purpose]. (Amplified Bible - Lockman)