1 Samuel 18

1 Samuel 18

Chart from recommended resource Jensen's Survey of the OT - used by permission 1 Samuel Chart from Charles Swindoll TIMELINE OF THE BOOKS OF SAMUEL, KINGS & CHRONICLES 1107 1011 971 931 853 722 586 1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 1 Kings 2 Kings 31 1-4 5-10 11-20 21-24 1-11 12-22 1-17 18-25 1 Chronicles 10 1 Chr 11-19 1 Chr 20-29 2 Chronicles 1-9 2 Chronicles 10-20 2 Chronicles 21-36 Legend: B.C. dates at top of timeline are approximate. Note that 931BC marks the division of the Kingdom into Southern Tribes (Judah and Benjamin) and Ten Northern Tribes. To avoid confusion be aware that after the division of the Kingdom in 931BC, the Southern Kingdom is most often designated in Scripture as "Judah" and the Northern Kingdom as "Israel." Finally, note that 1 Chronicles 1-9 is not identified on the timeline because these chapters are records of genealogy. The Ryrie Study Bible Map on Left ESV Global Study Bible, on right Jensen's Survey of the OT Overlappings in 1 Samuel First Three Kings of Israel Main Characters in 1 Samuel 1 Samuel 18:1 Now it came about when he had finished speaking to Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as himself. KJV 1 Samuel 18:1 And it came to pass, when he had made an end of speaking unto Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. NET 1 Samuel 18:1 When David had finished talking with Saul, Jonathan and David became bound together in close friendship. Jonathan loved David as much as he did his own life. CSB 1 Samuel 18:1 When David had finished speaking with Saul, Jonathan committed himself to David, and loved him as much as he loved himself. ESV 1 Samuel 18:1 As soon as he had finished speaking to Saul, the soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. NIV 1 Samuel 18:1 After David had finished talking with Saul, Jonathan became one in spirit with David, and he loved him as himself. NLT 1 Samuel 18:1 After David had finished talking with Saul, he met Jonathan, the king's son. There was an immediate bond of love between them, and they became the best of friends. NRS 1 Samuel 18:1 When David had finished speaking to Saul, the soul of Jonathan was bound to the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. NJB 1 Samuel 18:1 When David had finished talking to Saul, Jonathan felt an instant affection for David; Jonathan loved him like his very self; NAB 1 Samuel 18:1 (By the time David finished speaking with Saul, Jonathan had become as fond of David as if his life depended on him; he loved him as he loved himself. YLT 1 Samuel 18:1 And it cometh to pass, when he finisheth to speak unto Saul, that the soul of Jonathan hath been bound to the soul of David, and Jonathan loveth him as his own soul. RSV 1 Samuel 18:1 When he had finished speaking to Saul, the soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. NKJ 1 Samuel 18:1 Now when he had finished speaking to Saul, the soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. ASV 1 Samuel 18:1 And it came to pass, when he had made an end of speaking unto Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. DBY 1 Samuel 18:1 And it came to pass, when he had ended speaking to Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. GWN 1 Samuel 18:1 David finished talking to Saul. After that, Jonathan became David's closest friend. He loved David as much as he loved himself. BBE 1 Samuel 18:1 Now after David's talk with Saul was ended, the soul of Jonathan was joined with the soul of David, and David became as dear to him as his very life. BHT 1 Samuel 18:1 wayühî Kükallötô lüdaBBër ´el-šä´ûl wüneºpeš yühôºnätäºn niqšürâ Büneºpeš Däwìd (wayye´éhäbô) [wayye´éhäbëºhû] yühônätän Künapšô NIRV 1 Samuel 18:1 David finished talking with Saul. After that, Jonathan and David became close friends. Jonathan loved David just as he loved himself. RWB 1 Samuel 18:1 And it came to pass, when he had finished speaking to Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. WEB 1 Samuel 18:1 And it came to pass, when he had made an end of speaking to Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. the soul of Jonathan: 1Sa 14:1-14,45 Ge 44:30 Jdg 20:11 1Ch 12:17 Ps 86:11 Col 2:2 loved him: 1Sa 18:3 19:2 20:17 De 13:6 2Sa 1:26 Pr 18:24 1 Samuel 18 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries KINDRED SPIRITS FOR LIFE OR IN DEATH Now it came about when he had finished speaking to Saul - This description would appear to follow the conversation David had with Saul in 1Sa 17:58. That the soul of Jonathan was knit (qashar) to the soul of David - Even prior to cutting a covenant, the souls of Jonathan and David were knit together or as the NIV renders it they "became one in spirit" (NET has "became bound together in friendship"). Note that this knitting is a reflection of the fact that Jonathan loved David as himself. Thus in the present context, the Hebrew noun for soul (nephesh) conveys the idea of Jonathan's inner man and reflects the totality of his being. The point is that Jonathan loved David as much as he loved his own life and, as verse 4 indicates,. there was nothing Jonathan would not do for David. ’’David is seen in Jonathan’s clothes that all may take notice he is Jonathan’s second self.’’ As an aside, the Scripture does not record at what point Jonathan realized that David had been anointed by Samuel (1Sa 16:13) as God's choice for Israel's next king. Keil says literally = “The soul of Jonathan bound itself to the soul of David", NIV = "became one in spirit with" NIV Gene Getz - The word knit literally means “chained.” Think about that—the soul of Jonathan was “chained” to the soul of David. They were bound to each other in an inseparable relationship and union. In their minds and hearts they became one. They were “soul brothers.” Though the friendship was initiated by Jonathan, David quickly responded with deep love and commitment. A friendship that flows only one way is really no friendship at all.....Though in many respects there was a “great gulf fixed” between these two men, they had a common bond. They were both men after God's heart. They both had a dynamic relationship with their Lord. When their souls were knit together as one, their union was not merely another human relationship; it was a friendship based on a mutual love for God....Jonathan was greatly impressed with David from the very moment the young shepherd boy accepted the challenge to fight Goliath. Perhaps he had considered accepting this challenge himself, and on the same basis as David. He too knew that the battle would have to be the Lord's. Perhaps David simply beat him to the draw, for Jonathan's view of God's power was the same as David's. He had experienced it himself in a previous battle with the Philistines. The parallels between Jonathan's experience and David's are very clear..... Jonathan, like David, believed with all his heart that God could win the battle for him. Reassuring the young man carrying his armor, he beckoned, “Come and let us cross over to the garrison of these uncircumcised; perhaps the Lord will work for us, for the LORD is not restrained to save by many or by few” (1Sa 14:6+). Jonathan knew it would be a simple matter for God to deliver the whole Philistine army into his hands. But Jonathan didn't proceed on blind faith. He knew he couldn't conceivably win this battle without God's supernatural power. So he asked the Lord for a clear signal—a sign that God would indeed win this battle for him. The Scriptures do not give us the exact details on how Jonathan discovered God's specific plan for approaching the Philistines. However, it's clear that he knew what to look for. (1Sa 14:10+).....Later, as Jonathan stood in the wings watching David accept Goliath's challenge, and then saw him single-handedly slay the giant, his heart and mind flooded with memories of his own experiences when God had delivered the Philistines into Israel's hands. He immediately identified with David's experience and felt his soul strangely drawn to this God-honoring Hebrew brother. They had something in common, something very important. They both were men with hearts in tune with God. They knew the Lord personally and understood His greatness. Perhaps more important than anything, they had a clear understanding of God's commitment to Israel. Both knew beyond a shadow of doubt that they were fighting the Lord's battle—not their own. There was no way they could have succeeded in their own strength. The friendship that developed between Jonathan and David was no ordinary friendship. It's true that all the human elements were there—emotion, respect, admiration, commitment—but interweaving these human factors was a divine dimension that made this Old Testament friendship one of the most significant relationships in human history. (Borrow David: God's Man in Faith and Failure - page 62) The verb knit (qashar) is used in a similar manner in the following passage in Genesis 44:30, 31 where Jacob's son Judah is addressing (unbeknownst to him at the time) his brother Joseph, who is second in command to Pharaoh: Now, therefore, when I (Judah) come to your servant my father (Jacob), and the lad is not with us, since his (Jacob's) life (Hebrew nephesh = soul) is bound up in the lad's (Benjamin's) life (Hebrew nephesh = soul), it will come about when he sees that the lad is not with us, that he (Jacob) will die. Thus your servants will bring the gray hair of your servant our father down to Sheol in sorrow. This passage in Genesis shows that the basic meaning of "bound up" is that there is a special “bond of love” between the two people The thought is that Jacob’s life or desire to go on living depends on Benjamin’s life, and therefore on his safety and safe return home. This gives one a picture of the closeness of the relationship of between Jonathan and David. Many men have never experienced a friendship to this level (other than with their spouse and sadly in some marriages not even there!) and therefore it is somewhat difficult to fully comprehend the depths of this bond between Jonathan and David. R Kent