Isaías 5

Isaías 5

ISAIAH Judgment & Character of God Comfort & Redemption of God Uzziah Jotham Ahaz 1-12 13-27 28-35 Hezekiah's Salvation & Blessing 36-39 True God 40-48 Suffering Messiah 49-57 Reigning Lord 58-66 Prophecies Regarding Judah & Jerusalem Is 1:1-12:6 Prophecies Against the Nations Warnings & Promises Historical Section Redemption Promised: Israel's Deliverance Redemption Provided: Israel's Deliverer Redemption Realized: Israel's Glorious Future Prophetic Historic Messianic Holiness, Righteousness & Justice of Jehovah Grace, Compassion & Glory of Jehovah God's Government "A throne" Is 6:6 God's Grace "A Lamb" Is 53:7 Time 740-680BC Isaiah 5:1 Let me sing now for my well-beloved a song of my beloved concerning His vineyard. My well-beloved had a vineyard on a fertile hill: Now: Judges 5:1-31 Ps 45:1 101:1 well beloved: Song 2:16 5:2,16 6:3 Concerning: Isa 27:2,3 Ps 80:8 Song 8:11,12 Jer 2:21 Mt 21:33 Mk 12:1 Lk 20:9 Jn 15:1 Isaiah 5 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries To help keep this chapter in context observe the preceding table and the following outline adapted from Talk Thru the Bible which summarizes the first section of Isaiah dealing primarily with prophecies concerning the Kingdom of Judah… Prophecies against Judah Isaiah 1:1-12:6 A The Judgment of Judah Isa 1:1–31 B The Day of the Lord Isa 2:1–4:6 C The Parable of the Vineyard Isa 5:1–30 D The Commission of Isaiah Isa 6:1–13 E The Destruction of Israel by Assyria Isa 7:1–10:4 1 Sign of Immanuel Isa 7:1–25 2 Sign of Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz Isa 8:1–22 3 Prophecy of the Messiah’s Birth Isa 9:1–7 4 Judgment on Ephraim Isa 9:8–10:4 F The Destruction of Assyria by God Isa 10:5–12:6 1 Destruction of Assyria Isa 10:5–19 2 Remnant of Israel Isa 10:20–34 3 Restoration of the Messiah’s Kingdom Isa 11:1–16 4 Thanksgiving in the Messiah’s Kingdom Isa 12:1–6 PARABLE OF A VINEYARD Who is being addressed in Isaiah 5? Some feel this chapter is addressed to the Northern Kingdom (Israel) whereas others feel the recipient is the Southern Kingdom (Judah - see Isa 1:1 introduction, cp who is addressed in Isa 5:3!). Some feel both the Northern and Southern kingdoms are being addressed. While I feel the primary recipient of this parable was Judah, much of chapter 5 is clearly applicable in principle to the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Gary Smith reasons that… The general statement about the future military defeat of Judah by an unknown enemy in Isa 5:26-30 contrasts with the specific statements found later in Isaiah 7-8 where Assyria is known as the aggressor who will defeat Israel and Judah… The audience Isaiah confronted in these oracles is primarily the wealthy and powerful upper class in Judah… This is not an oracle against the northern kingdom of Israel, but as Isa 5:3 and Isa 5:7 indicate, Isaiah addresses the rulers of Judah and Jerusalem about the failure of the leaders to care for his people. (New American Commentary: Volume 15a: Isaiah 1-39. B & H Publishing Group) Speaker's Commentary introduces Isaiah 5… The last 3 chapters began and ended with telling of the glory of a restored Zion. But the body of prophecy was full of rebuke and threatening as regarded the existing community. In the present chapter we have sentence formally pronounced upon Israel and Judah (Ed: An example of a source favoring both kingdoms were the recipient of this prophecy). The sentence as in Nathan's message to David (2Sa 12:1-12) is introduced by a parable in which their guilt is set forth. We have already had the "daughter of Zion" compared to "a booth in a vineyard" (Isa 1:8) and the princes of Judah charged with "eating up" (or "burning") God's vineyard. The latter was a dark saying, waiting to be explained in the present chapter (Isa 5:5). Isaiah 5 is closely connected with Isaiah 4, to which it is a mournful antithesis. Instead of the beauteous "fruit of the earth" (Isa 4:2) are seen "wild grapes." Even the "storm" there brought rain to fertilize the land (Isa 4:6, cp 1Ki 18:41, 45); here the clouds are bidden to "rain no rain upon it" (Isa 5:6);--the tempest in reserve for it being one of devouring fire (Is 5:24) and rattling war-chariots (Is 5:28). (Speaker's Commentary) H A Ironside introduces this chapter noting that… Chapter five completes the prophet's address. In the parable of the vineyard, God rehearses His ways with Israel and emphasizes their lack of response to His love and patience. This "Song of the Vineyard" links intimately with our Lord's parable concerning the same subject (Mt 21:33ff), which He put before the scribes and Pharisees shortly before His arrest and crucifixion… This vineyard represents Israel as God viewed them at the beginning of their Palestinian history. Having brought them out of Egypt, He planted them in the land of promise, and there cared for and protected them from the ravages of their enemies. (Isaiah 5 - The Parable of the Vineyard) Let me sing - Isaiah the singer, the "minister of music". Compare the prophetic promise and warning in the Song of Moses (Dt 31:19, 20, 21, 22) Songs sometimes contain a great deal of theology in a few lyrics, which emphasizes the point that modern choruses should do no less (i.e., "no less" that great theology, which sadly is far too often lacking in the sometimes sappy, repetitious refrains). THOUGHT - Isaiah 5 teaches us that songs can and should teach truth, a principle that all budding Christian song writers would do well to heed. What genre of theological truth is your flock being fed during the "worship time"? America is slowly albeit surely dying morally and ethically. It is vitally, even critically important for the true Church to arise and shine His light into the darkness, and her music will be part of any Spirit driven revival that God might be pleased to send! Wiersbe… The preacher became a troubadour and sang a folk song Keil and Delitzsch… The prophet commenced his first address in Isaiah 1 like another Moses; the second, which covered no less ground, he opened with the text of an earlier prophecy; and now he commences the third like a musician, addressing both himself and his hearers with enticing words… The fugitive rhythm, the musical euphony, the charming assonances in this appeal, it is impossible to reproduce. They are perfectly inimitable. My well beloved - Isaiah expressing the depth of his devotion refers to Jehovah as his beloved. as he sings of the tender care and concern Jehovah had for His vineyard. Keil and Delitzsch… The person to whom the song referred, to whom it applied, of whom it treated, was the singer’s own beloved (Jehovah). It was a song of his dearest one (not his cousin, as Luther renders it… ) touching his vineyard. His vineyard - Identified as Israel and Judah in Isa 5:7. Christ uses the same metaphor in (Mt 21:33-45). John Calvin… No possession is dearer to a man than a vineyard, and there is none that demands more constant and persevering toil. Not only, therefore, does the Lord declare that we are his beloved inheritance, but at the same time points out his care and anxiety about us. Israel is referred to as a vine several times in Scripture (Ps. 80:8-16 Isa 27:2, 3; Eze17:6; 19:10; Mt Hos. 10:1 21:33-41). In Ezekiel Jehovah says that a vine that does not produce fruit is good for nothing (Ezek 15:2, 3, 4, 5) and here in Isaiah 5 this is the substance of Jehovah's complaint against Israel and Judah - no good grapes. Considering the fact that in the OT, Israel was described as the wife of Jehovah, the psalmist's declaration is interesting… Your wife shall be like a fruitful vine within your house… (Ps 128:3) God's "wife" had proven herself anything but a faithful, fruitful vine! A fertile hill - Mt Zion. Fertile (shemen) is used 176x in the OT and 10 in Isaiah (Isa 1:6; 5:1; 10:27; 25:6; 28:1, 4; 39:2; 41:19; 57:9; 61:3) Keil and Delitzsch… The vineyard was situated upon a keren (Ed: qeren = Hebrew for horn, that which projects) i.e., upon a prominent mountain peak projecting like a horn, and therefore open to the sun on all sides… This mountain horn was ben-shemen (Ed: "son of fertility" figuratively = richness, plenty, lavish), a child of fatness: the fatness was innate, it belonged to it by nature (shemen is used, as in Isa 28:1, to denote the fertility of a nutritive loamy soil). And the owner of the vineyard spared no attention or trouble. Arnold Fruchtenbaum writing on Jehovah’s Vineyard says… The vine even more commonly symbolizes Israel than the fig tree. Isaiah 3:14, 15 accuses Israel’s leadership of spoiling God’s vineyard (Israel) when they oppressed the people. Isaiah 5:1–7’s elaboration on this theme begins with the Song of the Vineyard (Isa 5:1, 2). It pictures a vineyard planted on excellent soil with day-long sunlight. The farmer did everything to make it produce. However, instead of yielding edible grapes (justice and righteousness), the nation produced wild sour grapes (oppression), for which it would suffer discipline. Later, Isaiah 27:2–6 depicts a brighter future for this vineyard. God will replant and carefully watch, so Israel will blossom, bud, and produce fruit for the entire world. In the future kingdom, Israel will bring justice and righteousness among the nations. (Israelology Part 6) Raymond C. Ortlund, Jr has an interesting point of application In 2Corinthians 6:1 the Apostle Paul says a strange thing: "We appeal to you not to receive the grace of God in vain." How can grace be received in vain? Isn't grace God's all-forgiving kindness to us? Doesn't God's grace compensate even for our half-hearted responses to God? Why then does Paul urge us not to receive the grace of God in vain? Because God's grace not only accepts us, it also transforms us. But if all we want out of God is acceptance without transformation, we are receiving his grace in vain and our Christianity is worthless. The power of grace is not automatic. Each of us lives out of an inner world with its own moral and conceptual and emotional topography. The obstacles to God there are formidable. Our intuitive ways of thinking, the tilt of our very desires—these powerful internal structures can hinder the advance of God. (Isaiah - God Saves Sinners Preaching the Word) (Bolding and color added for emphasis) Isaiah 5:2 He dug it all around, removed its stones, and planted it with the choicest vine. And He built a tower in the middle of it and also hewed out a wine vat in it; Then He expected it to produce good grapes, But it produced only worthless ones: Dug or, made a wall about it, Ex 33:16 Nu 23:9 Dt 32:8,9 Ps 44:1-3 Ro 9:4 planted: Jer 2:21 choicest vine: Jdg 16:4 built: Isa 1:8 Mic 4:8 Isaiah 5 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries This passage emphasizes the owner's love for and devotion to his vineyard. This truth of God's gracious provision is echoed in Psalm 80… You (Jehovah) removed a vine (Israel) from Egypt. You drove out the nations and planted it (In the Promised Land). You cleared the ground before it, and it took deep root and filled the land (the vine transplanted from Egypt had spread throughout Canaan). (Ps 80:8,9) Charles