Juízes 12

Juízes 12

Chart from recommended resource Jensen's Survey of the OT - used by permission Chart on Judges - Charles Swindoll RECYCLING SIN (The High Cost of Compromise) Jdg 1:1-3:6 Jdg 3:7-16:31 Jdg 17:1-21:25 Introduction History of the Judges Appendix Causes of the Cycles THE REASON Curse of the Cycles THE RECORD Conditions in the Cycles THE RESULTS God's Judgment for Failure Jdg 2:1-3:6 Curse of the Cycles Conditions in the Cycles Living with Canaanites War with the Canaanites Living Like the Canaanites Religious Laxity Political Uncertainty Moral Anarchy About 350 Years of Israel's History - Almost 25%! From Compromise to Confusion! A TIMELINE OF ISRAEL'S HISTORY "in the days when the JUDGES governed" (Note: All dates are approximations & time gaps NOT to scale) Exodus 40 Years Israel Enters Canaan JUDGES Saul David Messiah Redemption from Slavery Wilderness Wandering Canaan Conquered Joshua Dies LIGHT of book of RUTH Shines forth in Dark Days of Judges To obey is better than sacrifice Man after God's Own Heart The Lamb that was slain -- 40 yrs ~24 yrs 350+ yrs 40 yrs 40 yrs Forever MESSIAH'S LINE To Salmon was born Boaz by Rahab To Boaz was born Obed by Ruth To Obed was born Jesse To Jesse was born David the King Jesus Christ the Lord 1445BC 1445 -1405 1405 -1381 1381-1051 1051-1011 1011-971 4AD Another Timeline of Israel's History from Jensen's Survey of the OT Other ways to describe Israel's cycle… Rest > Rebellion > Retribution > Repentance (?) > Restoration Sin > Suffering/Servitude > Supplication > Salvation Apathy > Apostasy > Affliction > Answered Prayer Disobedience > Desperation > Deliverance Disobedience > Bondage >Misery > Liberation and Rest > Compromises Israel's deliverance (Judges 10:17-12:7) - Hannah's Bible Outline The preparations for battle (Judges 10:17-11:28) The armies gathered (Judges 10:17-18) The leader secured (Judges 11:1-11) His background (Judges 11:1-3) His covenant (Judges 11:4-11) The messages to Ammon (Judges 11:12-28) The vow and victory in battle (Judges 11:29-40) The vow made (Judges 11:29-31) The victory secured (Judges 11:32-33) The vow observed (Judges 11:34-40) The strife with Ephraim (Judges 12:1-6) Ephraim's jealousy (Judges 12:1-3) Ephraim's defeat (Judges 12:4-6) The death of Jephthah (Judges 12:7) John Butler - JEPHTHAH, THE NINTH judge of Israel had a checkered career. It ended better than it started, however. His worth to Israel is his deliverance of Israel from the oppression of Ammonites, but he will always be a controversial character because of his vow that affected his daughter. Judges 11 can be divided into seven major parts as follows: The Valor of Jephthah (Judges 11:1) The Vilification of Jephthah (Judges 11:1–3) The Visitors of Jephthah (Judges 11:4–11) The Villain for Jephthah (Judges 11:12–29) The Vow of Jephthah (Judges 11:30, 31, 35) The Victory of Jephthah (Judges 11:32, 33 The Vexation of Jephthah (Judges 11:34–40) Paul Apple (Judges 10:6-12:15) Cycle # 5 – Deliverance from Philistines and Ammonites Jephthah (Judge #8) God can use a man who is rejected by the world but appropriates His grace 1. Judges 10:6-11:28 Rise of Jephthah – From Despised Reject to Desired Recruit -- Don’t Underestimate the Love of God in Remaining Faithful to His People Despite Their Repeated Apostasies . . . And Don’t Underestimate the Grace of God in Transforming Human Outcasts Into Conquering Heroes 2. Judges 11:29-40 Jephthah’s Tragic Vow – Don’t Bargain With God – Commitments Made to the Lord Must Be Kept Regardless of the Cost 3. Judges 12:1-7 Jephthah’s Legacy -- Internal Conflict Tears Apart the People of God – Inflated Egos and a Harsh Spirit Erupt in Tragic Conflict for the People of God Remember what was prophesied of the Lord Jesus Christ: “the stone which the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone.” (1 Peter 2:7-8; Ps. 118:22 – “This is the Lord’s doing; it is marvelous in our eyes.” Acts 4:11-12) All of the judges point to the ultimate Deliverer in some form or fashion. Today we are going to be amazed at the love of God for His people and the grace of God to make leaders out of cast off rubble. Whatever our past may have been, by the providence of God it can be used to shape us and mold us for great usefulness to the Lord in the future. Judges 12:1 Then the men of Ephraim were summoned, and they crossed to Zaphon and said to Jephthah, "Why did you cross over to fight against the sons of Ammon without calling us to go with you? We will burn your house down on you." Why did you cross over to fight against the sons of Ammon: Jdg 8:1 2Sa 19:41-43 Ps 109:4 Ec 4:4 Jn 10:32 We will burn your house down on you Jdg 14:15 15:6 Pr 27:3,4 Jas 3:16 4:1,2 Judges 12 Resources JEALOUSY OF JEPHTHAH LEADS TO CIVIL WAR Holman Old Testament Commentary The story of Ephraim and Jephthah graphically portrays the head-on collision of pride and jealousy with raw anger—in both cases the unrestrained outcome of sin. Then the men of Ephraim were summoned, and they crossed to Zaphon and said to Jephthah - The tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh were descendants of the two sons of Joseph of the same names. Their importance is confirmed by the way the whole of northern Israel is referred to as “the house of Joseph” in Jdg 1:22, 35. Pride and jealousy motivated the tribe of Ephraim to confront Jephthah for now they wanted to share in the glory, whereas before they had not been willing to undertake the task. Guzik feels that the prideful tribe of Ephraim "felt slighted by Jephthah, and was angry that they did not have a central and prestigious role in the victorious battle over the Ammonites. There is a tendency within all of us to not want to do a job unless we receive credit. It is evident that the people of the tribe of Ephraim were more concerned with getting the credit than with seeing a job done." Daniel Block - The final recorded episode of his life reflects the political disintegration within Israel that accompanied the spiritual declension. Jealousies drive east versus west, Gilead versus Ephraim. (Borrow Judges, Ruth. Vol. 6: New American Commentary - archive.org ) NLT Life Application Study Bible - Israel had just won a great battle, but instead of joy, there was pettiness and quarreling. The tribe of Ephraim was angry and jealous that they were not invited to join in the fighting (although Jephthah said he had invited them). The insults of the Ephraimites enraged Jephthah, who called out his troops and killed 42,000 men from Ephraim. Jephthah usually spoke before he acted, but this time his revenge was swift. It cost Israel dearly, and it might have been avoided. Insulting others and being jealous are not right responses when we feel left out. But seeking revenge for an insult is just as wrong and very costly. (Borrow Life application study Bible) Why did you cross over to fight against the sons of Ammon without calling us to go with you? They complained that they had not been called on to help fight against the Ammonites, a complaint similar to the one lodged against Gideon (Jdg 8:1-3). Instead of using a soft answer (Pr 15:1) to turn away wrath, Jephthah responded to the insults and threats of Ephraim with armed forces. This civil conflict in Israel cost the Ephraimites 42,000 lives, a high price for jealousy! This intertribal war spelled disaster for the tribe of Ephraim, which did not fully recover and achieve recognition and leadership until after the downfall of Solomon. This incident also reveals that the separation of eastern and western tribes was even having linguistic results (Jdg 12:6). Pride was at the bottom of the quarrel; only by that comes contention. It is ill to fasten names of reproach upon persons or countries, as is common, especially upon those under outward disadvantages. It often occasions quarrels that prove of ill consequence, as it did here. No contentions are so bitter as those between brethren or rivals for honour. What need we have to watch and pray against evil tempers! May the Lord incline all his people to follow after things which make for peace! We have seen that the men of Ephraim also quarreled with Gideon (Jdg 8:1) when he didn’t summon them to help him rout the Midianites. Now in a hostile way, they demanded that Jephthah give them the reason why he did not ask for their help in the battle. The jealousy of Ephraim was a real infection that led to a defection. Later on, when the kingdom is divided into north and south, you will find out that Ephraim is the center of all of the rebellion. And it probably goes back to their jealousy. There is jealousy in the church today. It is one of our greatest problems. Paul speaks of vanity and envy (Php2:3) two things that cause problems in churches today. When you hear some person in a church complain that it is not being run the way he thinks it should be we need to wonder if he is jealous. When you find someone who is opposing the preacher all of the time, suspect there is jealousy behind it. George Bush - The men of Ephraim gathered themselves together. Heb. יצעק איש אפדים yitztzâëk ish Ephrayim, the man of Ephraim was cried together; collective singular for the plural; i. e. summoned together by the voice of heralds passing to and fro through the tribe. The passive voice in Heb. often has a reciprocal import, and here probably is intended to convey the idea of a mutual stirring each other up, independent of the will of a superior, and a consequent flocking together in somewhat of a loose and tumultuary manner. With this as the leading idea of the passage before his mind, Jerome, in the Vulgate, has rendered it, ‘And there arose a sedition in Ephraim;’ on which Rosenmüller remarks, that he took the Heb. verb to imply that by mutual clamor and vociferation they excited themselves to sedition and tumult. Went northward. Heb. יעבר צפונח yaabor tzâphonâh, passed over northward. Crossing the Jordan, they advanced in a northerly direction towards Mizpeh, where Jephthah now was. This region lay to the northeast, rather than directly north of the territory of Ephraim. See map. Wherefore passedst thou over, &c. Not over Jordan, for he was on the farther side of that river already; but simply over the intermediate regions between him and the scene of conflict. We have here a second proof of the haughty and turbulent disposition of the Ephraimites. They had no just ground whatever for their present bitter crimination of Jephthah. Their jealous and envious spirit towards Manasseh, was the only cause of the injurious charge, and violent threat which they now uttered. Although from being both the sons of Joseph they were nearer akin than any other of the tribes, yet between none other of the tribes was there such a burning spirit of rivalry and disaffection as between them. The conduct of the Ephraimites on this occasion, compared with their complaints to Joshua, and their hostile attitude towards Gideon, clearly evinces a disposition to lord it over the other tribes, with an authority and pre-eminence to which they were certainly not yet entitled. We are reminded by the incidents of the narrative, (1) That quarrels between brethren are usually most bitter and violent. ‘A brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city; and their contentions are as the bars of a castle.’ (2) They who have done the greatest service to the cause of God, are not secure from the greatest insults, even sometimes from the pretended friends of that cause. The most spotless characters are often the chosen marks for the fangs of envy to fasten upon. (Judges 12 Commentary) A H Fausset - And the men of Ephraim gathered themselves together [were called together, or gathered by summons], and went [Heb., “passed over,” viz., the Jordan] northward, [crossing at the ford near Succoth. Or else for ‘northward,’ translate “to Zaphon,” mentioned with Succoth in Josh. 13:27], and said unto Jephthah, Wherefore passedst thou over [the same word as in ch. 11:29] to fight against the children of Ammon, and didst not call us to go with thee? we will burn thine house upon thee [over thine head (compare Jdg 14:15, 15:6)] with fire. (Judges 12 Commentary) Cyril