Êxodo 40
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
Êxodo 40
Guzik - The process of consecration began with cleansing. All priestly ministries began with cleansing, and a cleansing that was received: you shall wash them. Aaron and his sons did not wash themselves; they received a washing. This was humbling, because it took place publicly at the door of the tabernacle of meeting. We cannot be cleansed from our sin without being humbled first.. This great cleansing was a one-time thing. From then on they just needed to cleanse their hands and their feet. Like these ancient priests, every Christian is washed by the work of God’s word (Ephesians 5:26), by the regenerating work of the Holy Spirit (Titus 3:5). This cleansing work was accomplished by the death of Jesus for us (Revelation 1:5) and appropriated by faith. Comparative Study of Three Biblical Priesthoods Old Testament Levites Christ Great High Priest New Testament Believers APPOINTMENT Divinely Chosen 1 Pet 2:9* Anointed 1 Jn 2:20, 27 Sanctified Set Apart MINISTRY Receiving Keeping Revelation Deut 33:8, 10 Teaching † Deut 33:10a Offering Sacrifices Deut 33:10b Heb 9:11–10:18 Interceding Ex 28:12, 29** 1Sa 7:5, 12:23 Judging Controversies Entering the Holy Place Heb 9:12, 24 SOURCE: CHART FROM DR WILLIAM BARRICK * With regard to the change over of the priesthoods and their relationship to God’s program, compare Exodus 19:6 and Hosea 4:6 with 1 Peter 2:9-10. †“Law” (tôrâ) = “instruction.” It is interesting to note Aaron’s relationship to God’s instruction in Leviticus. Compare “And the LORD called/spoke to Moses” (Lev 1:1; 4:1; 6:1; 8:1) with “And the LORD spoke to Aaron/to Moses and Aaron” (Lev 10:8; 11:1; 13:1; 14:33; 15:1). However, note that “after the death of the two sons of Aaron” (16:1) the remainder of Leviticus employs the formula, “And the LORD spoke to Moses” (Lev 16:2; 17:1; 18:1; 19:1; 20:1; etc.) ** Israel’s high priest bore the names of the tribes of Israel on his garments as a “memorial.” In other words, he represented the people. Such representation was part of his intercessory ministry. Exodus 40:13 "You shall put the holy garments on Aaron and anoint him and consecrate him, that he may minister as a priest to Me. anoint him: Ex 28:41 Isa 61:1 John 3:34 17:19 Heb 10:10,29 1Jn 2:20,27 Exodus 40 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DRESSING AARON IN GLORIOUS ATTIRE Related Passages: Exodus 30:30-33+ - You shall anoint Aaron and his sons, and consecrate them, that they may minister as priests to Me. (Cassuto comments -Since this oil was a token of holiness, it was to be treated as something sacred. Moses was accordingly given this admonitory injunction) 31 “You shall speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘This shall be a holy anointing oil to Me throughout your generations . 32 ‘It shall not be poured on anyone’s body, nor shall you make any like it in the same proportions; it is holy, and it shall be holy to you. 33 ‘Whoever shall mix any like it or whoever puts any of it on a layman shall be cut off from his people.’” You shall put the holy garments on Aaron and anoint him and consecrate him, that he may minister as a priest to Me - This passage of course applies only to the High Priest and not the sons. Cassuto points out that "the third stage, that of the anointing, which is the central rite of the consecration, and is not identical for all; Aaron alone is anointed for the high-priesthood (see Bush's note below). Exodus 40:14 "You shall bring his sons and put tunics on them; Isa 44:3-5 61:10 Joh 1:16 Ro 8:30 13:14 1Co 1:9,30 Exodus 40 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries GLORIOUS ATTIRE FOR AARON'S SONS Related Passages: Exodus 28:40+ “For Aaron’s sons you shall make tunics; you shall also make sashes for them, and you shall make caps for them, for glory and for beauty. Exodus 29:8-9+ You shall bring his sons and put tunics on them. 9 “You shall gird them with sashes, Aaron and his sons, and bind caps on them, and they shall have the priesthood by a perpetual statute. So you shall ordain Aaron and his sons. You shall bring his sons and put tunics on them - While they were not as resplendent as the attire of the High Priest, they nevertheless were "for glory and for beauty." (Ex 28:40+). Cassuto - Thereafter the Torah enumerates the three phases of the consecration of Aaron’s sons: first, brief mention is again made of bringing them to the entrance of the tent of meeting, 14 And you shall bring his sons; regarding the second stage it is stated, and put tunics on them, since these alone were their priestly vestments; at the end (verse 15 below), reference is made to the anointing of the ordinary priests Exodus 40:15 and you shall anoint them even as you have anointed their father, that they may minister as priests to Me; and their anointing will qualify them for a perpetual priesthood throughout their generations." Perpetual - Ex 12:14 Ex 30:31,33 Nu 25:13 Ps 110:4 Heb 5:1-14 7:3,7,17-24 Heb 8:1-10:39 Exodus 40 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: Exodus 28:41+ “You shall put them on Aaron your brother and on his sons with him; and you shall anoint them and ordain them and consecrate them, that they may serve Me as priests." Exodus 30:30+ “You shall anoint Aaron and his sons, and consecrate them, that they may minister as priests to Me. and you shall anoint them even as you have anointed their father, that they may minister as priests to Me; and their anointing will qualify them for a perpetual priesthood throughout their generations." - Bush - Their anointing shall be an everlasting priesthood. The meaning is, that as far as the common priests were concerned, the efficacy of this first anointing should extend to the whole future line, so that they need not from one generation to another receive successively the consecrating unction. With the High Priest the case was different. As he was elected, it was fit that he should, upon entering into office, be anointed; but in regard to the ordinary priests, who inherited their office as their birthright, the same necessity did not exist. Cassuto on will qualify them for a perpetual priesthood - that means to say, that by virtue of this ceremony their anointing would be a token of everlasting priesthood to them and their children and their children’s children after them. Exodus 40:16 Thus Moses did; according to all that the LORD had commanded him, so he did. according to all that the LORD Ex 40:17-32 23:21,22 39:42,43 De 4:1 12:32 Isa 8:20 Mt 28:20 1Co 4:2 Exodus 40 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Thus Moses did; according to all that the LORD had commanded him, so he did - Note the "bookends" of did emphasizing complete obedience. Exodus 40:17 Now in the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month, the tabernacle was erected. the first month: Ex 40:1,2 Nu 7:1 Nu 9:1 Exodus 40 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Currid comments that "In a typical pattern, the author demonstrates the exact execution of the commands of 40:1–16. Moses was simply fulfilling the instructions that God had given him. That point is underscored in the text with the recurrence of the summary, ‘as Yahweh had commanded Moses’. It appears seven times in these verses (Ex 40:19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 32. )." (Epsc Exodus Volume 2) Now in the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month, the tabernacle (lit "dwelling place") was erected - This corresponds Ex 40:2+. above. Moses completed them in the exact order of the Lord’s instructions in Ex 40:1–8. Stuart on first day of the month (Ex 40:2) - Did the erection of the tabernacle just happen to fall on New Year’s Day, or was it put together that day as a further indication of its importance? The text does not overtly tell us, but it is hard to argue against the likelihood that such an auspicious day was chosen for the first tabernacle setup because it fit with the fact that the tabernacle itself was so auspicious as a sign of God’s presence among the Israelites. In other words, when the tabernacle component parts were all ready to assemble, they probably were not assembled immediately but rather were kept ready by Moses (for several days? several weeks?) for the first day of the new year when he would put everything together and thus symbolically house Yahweh in the midst of his people. (Exodus: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition)
Êxodo 40
Guzik points out that "When the tabernacle was finally assembled, it was an earthly model of a heavenly reality. Since Moses was instructed to build and arrange everything according to pattern, it isn’t surprising that we see elements of this tabernacle arrangement in the Bible’s descriptions of heaven. In Revelation 4:1–6, the Ark of the Covenant (representing the throne of God), the lampstand, and the laver all correspond to a heavenly reality. In Revelation 8:2–4, the altar of incense in heaven is mentioned. In Isaiah 6:1–7, the tabernacle structure is implied by the mention of the temple, and the brazen altar is described. In Hebrews 9:23–24, it tells us that at some point in time (after the cross), Jesus entered the heavenly reality represented on earth by the tabernacle, and appeared in the presence of God to offer a perfect atonement for our sins. Therefore, every time before this event, when the High Priest made atonement in the earthly tabernacle, it was “play acting”—and looking forward to—the perfect atonement the Son of God would offer. Related Resources: Glory of God - an overview The Abiding Presence of God What is the Shekinah glory? | GotQuestions.org What is a theophany? What is a Christophany? | GotQuestions.org Bush - Then a cloud covered the tent of the congregation. Rather according to the Hebrew literally translated, ‘the cloud’ (חענן hëanan) that is, the cloudy pillar, or cloud of the Shekinah, which had previously abode for many weeks on the summit of the mountain, and which had subsequently descended upon Moses’ tent and stood before the door of it, as mentioned, ch. 33:9. This sublime cloud now removed from its former station and stood at first not only over, but around the tabernacle, completely covering or enwrapping it in its sombre folds while inner unseen Glory, after first filling the outer room, entered and took its station in the Most Holy Place between the Cherubim. Henry