1 Crônicas 23
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Crônicas 23
Guzik - The Levites were also the civil servants for the kingdom of Israel. Governmental records, decisions, and administration were all in the hands of the Levites.
1 Crônicas 23
Guzik - The priest was to have an active concern for holiness, and to be able to discern between what was holy and what was not. This means that holiness had to touch the life of the priest; he had to represent God before the people. Jack Hay - "Aaron was separated", separated not only from the nation as a whole, and not only from the tribe of Levi as a whole, but even from the Kohathite branch of the family. Aaron was distinct; Aaron was unique; his role and that of his descendants was more prestigious than even that of his favoured Kohathite brethren.....In every respect, priests had to discern how to "put difference between holy and unholy, between unclean and clean" (Lev 10:10). (What the Bible Teaches – 1 Chronicles and 2 Chronicles)
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Guzik on incense - Incense is a picture of intercessory prayer. The priest had to represent the people before the Lord. “The fragrant incense stealing heavenward is a beautiful emblem of intercessory prayer. Let us pray more, not for ourselves so much as for others. This is the sign of growth in grace, when our prayers are fragrant with the names of friend and foe, and mingled with the coals of the golden altar.” (Meyer) 1 Chronicles 23:14 But as for Moses the man of God, his sons were named among the tribe of Levi. the man: De 33:1 Ps 90:1 his sons: 1Ch 26:23-25 Related Passages: Deuteronomy 33:1 Now this is the blessing with which Moses the man of God blessed the sons of Israel before his death. Psalm 90:1 A Prayer of Moses, the man of God. Lord, You have been our dwelling place in all generations. MOSES A MAN OF GOD But as for Moses the man of God, his sons were named among the tribe of Levi THOUGHT - Oh, that God would be able to say that about all of us, that we lived our short time on earth as a man or woman of God. Father, please by Thy Spirit (2Co 3:18) and Thy Word (2Ti 3:17) do that deep, supernatural work in all who read these words. In Jesus' Name. Amen. Man of God - 78x in 73v - Deut. 33:1; Jos. 14:6; Jdg. 13:6; Jdg. 13:8; 1 Sam. 2:27; 1 Sam. 9:6; 1 Sam. 9:7; 1 Sam. 9:8; 1 Sam. 9:10; 1 Ki. 12:22; 1 Ki. 13:1; 1 Ki. 13:4; 1 Ki. 13:5; 1 Ki. 13:6; 1 Ki. 13:7; 1 Ki. 13:8; 1 Ki. 13:11; 1 Ki. 13:12; 1 Ki. 13:14; 1 Ki. 13:21; 1 Ki. 13:26; 1 Ki. 13:29; 1 Ki. 13:31; 1 Ki. 17:18; 1 Ki. 17:24; 1 Ki. 20:28; 2 Ki. 1:9; 2 Ki. 1:10; 2 Ki. 1:11; 2 Ki. 1:12; 2 Ki. 1:13; 2 Ki. 4:7; 2 Ki. 4:9; 2 Ki. 4:16; 2 Ki. 4:21; 2 Ki. 4:22; 2 Ki. 4:25; 2 Ki. 4:27; 2 Ki. 4:40; 2 Ki. 4:42; 2 Ki. 5:8; 2 Ki. 5:14; 2 Ki. 5:15; 2 Ki. 5:20; 2 Ki. 6:6; 2 Ki. 6:9; 2 Ki. 6:10; 2 Ki. 6:15; 2 Ki. 7:2; 2 Ki. 7:17; 2 Ki. 7:18; 2 Ki. 7:19; 2 Ki. 8:2; 2 Ki. 8:4; 2 Ki. 8:7; 2 Ki. 8:8; 2 Ki. 8:11; 2 Ki. 13:19; 2 Ki. 23:16; 2 Ki. 23:17; 1 Chr. 23:14; 2 Chr. 8:14; 2 Chr. 11:2; 2 Chr. 25:7; 2 Chr. 25:9; 2 Chr. 30:16; Ezr. 3:2; Neh. 12:24; Neh. 12:36; Ps. 90:1; Jer. 35:4; 1 Tim. 6:11; 2 Tim. 3:17 1 Chronicles 23:15 The sons of Moses were Gershom and Eliezer. Gershom: Ex 2:22 4:20 18:3,4 The sons of Moses were Gershom and Eliezer Eliezer One of the two sons of Moses, born during his sojourn in Midian (Ex. 18:4; 1 Chr. 23:15, 17). He remained with his mother and brother Gershom with Jethro when Moses returned to Egypt. (Ex. 18:4). They were restored to Moses when Jethro heard of his departure out of Egypt. 1 Chronicles 23:16 The son of Gershom was Shebuel the chief. Shebuel: 1Ch 24:20 25:20, Shubael, 1Ch 26:24 The son of Gershom was Shebuel the chief. 1 Chronicles 23:17 The son of Eliezer was Rehabiah the chief; and Eliezer had no other sons, but the sons of Rehabiah were very many. the chief: or, the first, 1Ch 26:25 The son of Eliezer ("God is his help") was Rehabiah ("Jehovah has enlarged") the chief; and Eliezer had no other sons, but the sons of Rehabiah were very many. 1 Chronicles 23:18 The son of Izhar was Shelomith the chief. Shelomith: 1Ch 24:22, Shelomoth, 1Ch 26:26 The son of Izhar ("shining oil") was Shelomith ("peaceful") the chief. 1 Chronicles 23:19 The sons of Hebron were Jeriah the first, Amariah the second, Jahaziel the third and Jekameam the fourth. Hebron: 1Ch 23:12 15:9 24:23 The sons of Hebron were Jeriah (" taught by Jehovah") the first, Amariah ("Jehovah speaks") the second, Jahaziel ("beheld of God") the third and Jekameam ("let the people rise") the fourth. 1 Chronicles 23:20 The sons of Uzziel were Micah the first and Isshiah the second. The sons of Uzziel ("my strength is God") were Micah ("who is like God") the first and Isshiah ("Jehovah will lend") the second 1 Chronicles 23:21 The sons of Merari were Mahli and Mushi. The sons of Mahli were Eleazar and Kish. Merari: 1Ch 23:6 6:20,30 24:26-30 Mahli: Ex 6:19, Mahali The sons of Merari ("bitter") were Mahli ("sick") and Mushi. The sons of Mahli were Eleazar and Kish Three major groups of Levites Gershonites (1Ch 23:7–11) Kohathites (1Ch 23:12–20) Merarites (1Ch 23:21–23). 1 Chronicles 23:22 Eleazar died and had no sons, but daughters only, so their brothers, the sons of Kish, took them as wives. had no sons: 1Ch 24:28 took them: Nu 36:6-8 Related Passages: Numbers 36:6-8+ “This is what the LORD has commanded concerning the daughters of Zelophehad, saying, ‘Let them marry whom they wish; only they must marry within the family of the tribe of their father.’ 7“Thus no inheritance of the sons of Israel shall be transferred from tribe to tribe, for the sons of Israel shall each hold to the inheritance of the tribe of his fathers. 8“Every daughter who comes into possession of an inheritance of any tribe of the sons of Israel shall be wife to one of the family of the tribe of her father, so that the sons of Israel each may possess the inheritance of his fathers. Eleazar died and had no sons, but daughters only, so their brothers, the sons of Kish ("a snare"), took them as wives 1 Chronicles 23:23 The sons of Mushi were three: Mahli, Eder and Jeremoth. Jeremoth: 1Ch 24:30, Jerimoth The sons of Mushi ("yielding") were three: Mahli ("sick"), Eder ("tower of the flock") and Jerimoth ("He is Most High"). 1 Chronicles 23:24 These were the sons of Levi according to their fathers' households, even the heads of the fathers' households of those of them who were counted, in the number of names by their census, doing the work for the service of the house of the LORD, from twenty years old and upward. NET 1 Chronicles 23:24 These were the descendants of Levi according to their families, that is, the leaders of families as counted and individually listed who carried out assigned tasks in the LORD's temple and were twenty years old and up. CSB 1 Chronicles 23:24 These were the sons of Levi by their ancestral houses-- the heads of families, according to their registration by name in the headcount-- 20 years old or more, who worked in the service of the LORD's temple. ESV 1 Chronicles 23:24 These were the sons of Levi by their fathers' houses, the heads of fathers' houses as they were listed according to the number of the names of the individuals from twenty years old and upward who were to do the work for the service of the house of the LORD. NIV 1 Chronicles 23:24 These were the descendants of Levi by their families--the heads of families as they were registered under their names and counted individually, that is, the workers twenty years old or more who served in the temple of the LORD. NLT 1 Chronicles 23:24 These were the descendants of Levi by clans, the leaders of their family groups, registered carefully by name. Each had to be twenty years old or older to qualify for service in the house of the LORD. the sons of Levi: Nu 10:17,21 after the house: Nu 1:4 2:32 3:15,20 4:34-49 by their polls: Nu 1:2,18,22 3:47 from twenty years and upwards. In the time of Moses, the age was from thirty years to fifty: here this latter period is not mentioned, probably because the service was not so laborious now; for the ark being fixed, they had no longer any burdens to carry; and therefore even an old man might continue to serve. Nu 8:24. twenty: 1Ch 23:3,27 Nu 1:3 4:3 8:24 Ezra 3:8 LOWER AGE FOR LEVITICAL SERVICE ESV Study Bible (borrow) points out that "David appears as the successor to Moses (see Numbers 4) in redefining the Levites’ duties for the new age of the temple." These were the sons of Levi according to their fathers' households, even the heads of the fathers' households of those of them who were counted, in the number of names by their census, doing the work for the service of the house of the LORD, from twenty years old and upward - This lowering of the age requirement is mentioned again in the days of Hezekiah (2 Chr 31:17) and in the post-exilic community (Ezra 3:8).
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Guzik - 2 Chronicles 29:25 tells us that David commanded these arrangements as he worked together with Gad the king’s seer and Nathan the prophet. It also tells us that these arrangements were the commandment of the LORD by his prophets. This was Holy Spirit guided organization and administration. Payne - “Guided by the prophets (2 Chronicles 29:25), the king exercised his administrative genius to establish a system of procedures that helped maintain legitimate worship under his successors.” 1 Chronicles 23:28 For their office is to assist the sons of Aaron with the service of the house of the LORD, in the courts and in the chambers and in the purifying of all holy things, even the work of the service of the house of God, office 1Ch 18:17 Ne 11:24 the service: 1Ch 23:4 1Ch 28:13 Nu 3:6-9 1Ki 6:5 2Ch 31:11 Ezr 8:29 Ne 13:4,5,9 Jer 35:4 Eze 41:6-11,26 42:3,13 purifying: 1Ch 9:28-29 2Ch 29:5,18,19 2Ch 35:3-6,11-14 Related Passages: Numbers 3:6-9+ (LEVITICAL SERVICE RELATED TO THE PORTABLE TABERNACLE) “Bring the tribe of Levi near and set them before Aaron the priest, that they may serve him. 7“They shall perform the duties for him and for the whole congregation before the tent of meeting, to do the service of the tabernacle. 8“They shall also keep all the furnishings of the tent of meeting, along with the duties of the sons of Israel, to do the service of the tabernacle. 9“You shall thus give the Levites to Aaron and to his sons; they are wholly given to him from among the sons of Israel. 1 Chronicles 23:4+ (LEVITICAL SERVICE RELATED TO THE TEMPLE IS GIVEN IN A MORE GENERAL DESCRIPTION) Of these (LEVITES), 24,000 were to oversee the work of the house of the LORD; and 6,000 were officers and judges, LEVITES CALLED TO ASSIST AARON For their office is to assist (yad = hand; Lxx - leitourgeo - minister in present tense = continually) the sons of Aaron with the service of the house of the LORD, in the courts and in the chambers and in the purifying (tahorah; Lxx - katharismos - cleansing literally & ritually) of all holy (qodesh; Lxx - hagios - set apart) things, even the work of the service (Lxx - leitourgia) of the house of God - In vv 28-32 there is now a more detailed description of the activities of the Levites (cf general description in 1Ch 23:4). The sons of Aaron were the only ones qualified to be the priests. Stated another way, all priests were Levites, but not all Levites were priests. The non-priestly Levites who had previously cared for transporting and caring for the portable Tabernacle, would now "oversee the work of the house (Temple) of the LORD." (1Ch 23:4). Purification (and cleanliness) for the Israelites was more than an abstract idea but was divine instruction which had to be followed in order to carry out the various religious ceremonies and rituals. THOUGHT - The holy, hagios - set apart, things had to be clean in order to useful and used in the daily sacrificial and worship activities. How much more do we as His set apart "instruments" need to be purified! Are you (I) frequently cleansed by the washing of the water with the Word of God (Eph 5:26+) and with confession and repentance (Pr 28:13+), that we might be useful to the Master, prepared for every good work. One wonders if we will even see that "good work" (cf Eph 2:10+) during the day if we fail to begin our day "in the purifying of the holy things" (i.e., our temples, 1Co 6:19+)? Just wondering. Therefore, if anyone cleanses himself (herself) from these things, he (she) will be a vessel for honor, Sanctified (set apart), Useful to the Master, Prepared for every good work. -- 2 Timothy 2:21+ Jack Hay has an interesting historical note that "For the more part the Levites were content to function in their subsidiary role, but a sad situation arose when Korah and others underestimated their privilege, and aspired to the priesthood (read Nu 16:8-10+). They came under the judgment of God—a salutary lesson for us all, lest we too should cast a greedy eye on someone else's work for God instead of being satisfied to labour at what has been assigned to us. "As every man hath received the gift, even so minister the same one to another" (1 Pet 4:10). Exercise the gift that God has given you without attempting to displace someone else!. (What the Bible Teaches – 1 Chronicles and 2 Chronicles) 1 Chronicles 23:29 and with the showbread, and the fine flour for a grain offering, and unleavened wafers, or what is baked in the pan or what is well-mixed, and all measures of volume and size. for the showbread: 1Ch 9:31,32 Ex 25:30 Lev 24:5-9 1Ki 7:48 2Ch 13:11 2Ch 29:18 Ne 10:33 Mt 12:4 Heb 9:2 the fine flour: 1Ch 9:29-34 Lev 6:20-23 unleavened: Lev 2:4-7 Lev 7:9 for all manner of measure: Lev 19:35,36 Nu 3:50 Related Passages: Exodus 25:30 “You shall set the bread of the Presence on the table before Me at all times. Leviticus 24:5-9 “Then you shall take fine flour and bake twelve cakes with it; two-tenths of an ephah shall be in each cake. 6 “You shall set them in two rows, six to a row, on the pure gold table before the LORD. 7 “You shall put pure frankincense on each row that it may be a memorial portion for the bread, even an offering by fire to the LORD. 8 “Every sabbath day he shall set it in order before the LORD continually; it is an everlasting covenant for the sons of Israel. 9 “It shall be for Aaron and his sons, and they shall eat it in a holy place; for it is most holy to him from the LORD’S offerings by fire, his portion forever.” 1 Kings 7:48 Solomon made all the furniture which was in the house of the LORD: the golden altar and the golden table on which was the bread of the Presence; INSTRUCTIONS FOR BREAD OF THE PRESENCE and with the showbread (bread of the Presence), It was the priests' office to place this bread before the Lord ("bread of the Presence") and it was their privilege to feed on the old loaves when they were replaced by the new. Showbread - Ex. 25:30 (R.V. marg., "presence bread"); 1 Chr. 9:32 (marg., "bread of ordering"); Num. 4:7: called "hallowed bread" (R.V., "holy bread") in 1 Sam. 21:1-6. This bread consisted of twelve loaves made of the finest flour. They were flat and thin, and were placed in two rows of six each on a table in the holy place before the Lord. They were renewed every Sabbath (Lev. 24:5-9), and those that were removed to give place to the new ones were to be eaten by the priests only in the holy place (see 1 Sam. 21:3-6; comp. Matt. 12:3, 4). The number of the loaves represented the twelve tribes of Israel, and also the entire spiritual Israel, "the true Israel;" and the placing of them on the table symbolized the entire consecration of Israel to the Lord, and their acceptance of God as their God. The table for the bread was made of acacia wood, 3 feet long, 18 inches broad, and 2 feet 3 inches high. It was plated with pure gold. Two staves, plated with gold, passed through golden rings, were used for carrying it. BREAD OF THE PRESENCE and the fine flour for a grain offering (minchah), and unleavened (massa/matsah; Lxx - azumos - unleavened) wafers, or what is baked in the pan or what is well-mixed - Even the baking "recipes" were part of the work of the Levites. Grain offering - Ordinances concerning, Ex. 29:40, 41; 30:9; 40:29; Lev. 2; 5:11, 12; 6:14-23; 7:9-13, 37; 9:17; 23:13, 16, 17; Num. 4:16; 5:15, 18, 25, 26; 8:8; 15:1-16, 24; 18:9; 28:5, 9, 12, 13, 20, 21, 26-31; 29:3, 4, 14. To be eaten in the holy place, Lev. 10:13; Num. 18:9, 10. Offered with the sacrifices, Num. 15:3-16. Not mixed with leaven, Lev. 2:4, 11; 6:14-18; 10:12, 13; Num. 6:15, 17. Storerooms for, in the temple reconstructed by Ezra, Neh. 12:44; 13:5, 6; provided for in the vision of Ezekiel, Ezek. 42:13. Minchah: "meal offering" (the Revised Version), "meat offering" (the King James Version), a gift or presentation, at first applied to both bloody and unbloody offerings (Gen 4:5), but in Moses' time confined to cereals, whether raw or roast, ground to flour or baked and mixed with oil and frankincense. These cereals were the produce of man's labor with the soil, not fruits, etc., and thus represented the necessities and results of life, if not life itself. They were the invariable accompaniment of animal sacrifices, and in one instance could be substituted for them (see SIN OFFERING). The term minchah describes a gift or token of friendship (Isa 39:1), an act of homage (1 Sam 10:27; 1 Ki 10:25), tribute (Jdg 3:15,17 f), propitiation to a friend wronged (Gen 32:13,18 (Hebrew 14:19)), to procure favor or assistance (Gen 43:11 ff; Hos 10:6). Jack Hay "Priority had to be given to maintaining the cleanliness of vessels (1Ch 23:28) that were in use for preparing the shewbread and the meat offering with its various recipes. Details of the first are found in Leviticus 24:5-9, while the second is the subject matter of Leviticus 2. (What the Bible Teaches – 1 Chronicles and 2 Chronicles) and all measures of volume and size The standards of all weights and measures were in the sanctuary and therefore the Levites had the inspection of weights and measures of every kind, so that no fraud might be committed (cf Lev 19:-35-36). Honesty is inseparably connected with piety and hence the Levites, being sufficiently numerous, were employed to superintend the former, as well as the latter. Jack Hay From God's standpoint, cheating the customer was intolerable. How much more necessary to avoid depriving Him in what was being offered to Him! Levites were under orders then to ensure the precision of temple weights and measures. They were the maintenance men who diligently tested the accuracy of scales, and the measures for liquids. (What the Bible Teaches – 1 Chronicles and 2 Chronicles) 1 Chronicles 23:30 They are to stand every morning to thank and to praise the LORD, and likewise at evening, BGT 1 Chronicles 23:30 καὶ τοῦ στῆναι πρωὶ τοῦ αἰνεῖν ἐξομολογεῖσθαι τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ οὕτως τὸ ἑσπέρας LXE 1 Chronicles 23:30 and to stand in the morning to praise and give thanks to the Lord, and so in the evening; KJV 1 Chronicles 23:30 And to stand every morning to thank and praise the LORD, and likewise at even; NET 1 Chronicles 23:30 They also stood in a designated place every morning and offered thanks and praise to the LORD. They also did this in the evening CSB 1 Chronicles 23:30 They are also to stand every morning to give thanks and praise to the LORD, and likewise in the evening. ESV 1 Chronicles 23:30 And they were to stand every morning, thanking and praising the LORD, and likewise at evening, NIV 1 Chronicles 23:30 They were also to stand every morning to thank and praise the LORD. They were to do the same in the evening NLT 1 Chronicles 23:30 And each morning and evening they stood before the LORD to sing songs of thanks and praise to him. NRS 1 Chronicles 23:30 And they shall stand every morning, thanking and praising the LORD, and likewise at evening, NJB 1 Chronicles 23:30 Furthermore, they have to be present every morning to give thanks and praise to Yahweh, and also in the evening, stand: 1Ch 6:31-33 9:33 16:37-42 25:1-7 2Ch 29:25-28 31:2 Ezr 3:10,11 Ps 135:1-3,19,20 137:2-4 Rev 5:8-14 14:3 every morning: Ex 29:39-42 Ps 92:1-3 134:1,2 Related Passages: Exodus 29:38-41+ (MORNING AND EVENING) “Now this is what you shall offer on the altar: two one year old lambs each day, continuously. 39 “The one lamb you shall offer in the morning and the other lamb you shall offer at twilight; 40 and there shall be one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with one-fourth of a hin of beaten oil, and one-fourth of a hin of wine for a drink offering with one lamb. 41 “The other lamb you shall offer at twilight, and shall offer with it the same grain offering and the same drink offering as in the morning, for a soothing aroma, an offering by fire to the LORD. 1 Chronicles 16:40 to offer burnt offerings to the LORD on the altar of burnt offering continually morning and evening, even according to all that is written in the law of the LORD, which He commanded Israel. MORNING AND EVENING THANKS AND PRAISE They are to stand every morning to thank and to praise the LORD, and likewise at evening - NET = "They also stood in a designated place every morning and offered thanks and praise to the LORD. They also did this in the evening." They still refers to the Levites enumerating their duties in the Temple service. David, the sweet psalmist of Israel, introduces music to the temple service. Thanksgiving and praise are used together to denote singing (1Ch 16:4; 23:30; 25:3; Ezra 3:11; Neh. 12:24,46). Their prescribed posture to stand speaks of the reverence with which they were to hold Yahweh the One Whom they worshipped. THOUGHT - Do we (I) exercise the same reverential awe and worship to the Most High God, doing so in the morning and the evening? How many times to I go to bed at night without offering thanksgiving and praise to the One Who has enabled me throughout the day? Forgive me Lord for my frequent failure to "Through Him (Jesus) then, continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that give thanks to His name." (Heb 13:15+) Lamentations 3:22-23 gives us a good reason to offer Him thanks and praise every morning for "The LORD’S lovingkindnesses indeed never cease, For His compassions never fail. (SO SHOULD BE OUR THANKSGIVING AND PRAISE!) They are new every morning; Great is Your faithfulness." See related resources Thoughts on the Quiet Time and Quiet Time: 7 Minutes With God. Take a moment even now to praise the only One worthy of your praises (click following link)... I sing praises to Your Name O LORD For Your Name is great and greatly to be praised -- Psalm 99:3+