Deuteronômio 4
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
Deuteronômio 4
Guzik says " Israel’s first military loss in the Promised Land (at Ai, Joshua 7:1-26) came specifically because they had disobeyed God. 36 men died at Ai (Ed: not to mention the perpetrator and his family! Josh 7:25, 26), because one man in Israel (Achan - Josh 7:20, 21) did not obey the command of the LORD." The psalmist gives a vivid, appalling description of this terrible event Psalm 106:28 (see commentary) They joined (tsamad) themselves also to Baal-peor, And ate sacrifices offered to the dead. NET Note - Here "the dead" may refer to deceased ancestors (see Deut 26:14+). Another option is to understand the term as a derogatory reference to the various deities which the Israelites worshiped at Peor along with Baal (see Nu 25:2+ and L. C. Allen, Psalms 101–150 [WBC], 49). We encounter the tragic episode of Baal-Peor in Numbers 25 and it is notable that spiritual harlotry (idol worship) is very often associated with sexual immorality in the Scripture (be careful beloved if you are "toying" with sexual immorality!)... While Israel remained at Shittim, the people began to play the harlot (KJV = "commit whoredom")(HERE IS THE ROOT PROBLEM - A PROBLEM WITH THEIR HEART!) with the daughters of Moab. 2 For they invited the people to the sacrifices of their gods, and the people ate and bowed down to their gods (ISRAEL NOW INVOLVED IN BLATANT IDOL WORSHIP! MEN, BE CAREFUL IF YOUR EYES WANDER BECAUSE THE STRANGE WOMAN WILL GIVE YOU SPIRITUAL AMNESIA AND YOUR ACTS WILL DENY WHAT YOU KNOW TO BE TRUE ABOUT GOD). 3 So Israel joined themselves to Baal of Peor (NIV = " joined in worshiping the Baal of Peor"), and the LORD was angry against Israel. 4 The LORD said to Moses, “Take all the leaders of the people and execute them in broad daylight before the LORD, so that the fierce anger of the LORD may turn away from Israel.” 5 So Moses said to the judges of Israel, “Each of you slay his men who have joined themselves to Baal of Peor.” 6 Then behold, one of the sons of Israel came and brought to his relatives a Midianite woman, in the sight of Moses and in the sight of all the congregation of the sons of Israel, while they were weeping at the doorway of the tent of meeting. 7 When Phinehas the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he arose from the midst of the congregation and took a spear in his hand, 8 and he went after the man of Israel into the tent and pierced both of them through, the man of Israel and the woman, through the body. So the plague on the sons of Israel was checked. 9 Those who died by the plague were 24,000. (Numbers 25:1-9 - commentary) NET Note comments - Numbers 25 tells of Israel’s sins on the steppes of Moab, and God’s punishment. In the overall plan of the book, here we have another possible threat to God’s program, although here it comes from within the camp (Balaam was the threat from without). If the Moabites could not defeat them one way, they would try another. The chapter has three parts: fornication (Nu 25:1–3), God’s punishment (Nu 25:4–9), and aftermath (Nu 25:10–18) The account apparently means that the men were having sex with the Moabite women. Why the men submitted to such a temptation at this point is hard to say. It may be that as military heroes the men took liberties with the women of occupied territories. (In Nu 25:2) the women who engaged in immoral acts with Hebrew men invited them to their temple ritual. What Israel experienced here was some of the debased ritual practices of the Canaanite people. The act of prostrating themselves before the pagan deities was probably participation in a fertility ritual, nothing short of cultic prostitution. This was a blatant disregard of the covenant and the Law. If something were not done, the nation would have destroyed itself. (Nu 25:3) The verb is “yoked” to Baal-peor. The word is unusual, and may suggest the physical, ritual participation...It certainly shows that they acknowledge the reality of the local god. The evidence indicates that Moab was part of the very corrupt Canaanite world, a world that was given over to the fertility ritual of the times. (Nu 25:4) The leaders who were guilty were commanded by God to be publicly exposed by hanging, probably a reference to impaling, but possibly some other form of harsh punishment. The point was that the swaying of their executed bodies would be a startling warning for any who so blatantly set the Law aside and indulged in apostasy through pagan sexual orgies. (Nu 25:8) Phinehas saw all this as part of the pagan sexual ritual that was defiling the camp. He had seen that the LORD himself had had the guilty put to death. And there was already some plague breaking out in the camp that had to be stopped. And so in his zeal he dramatically put an end to this incident, that served to stop the rest and end the plague. David Guzik - At Baal Peor, Israel sinned by committing both sexual and spiritual immorality with the women of Moab. Moses warned the people of Israel that if they rejected God now as they did back then, the result would be the same. Many would die in the judgment of the LORD. (Deuteronomy 4) Rich Cathers writes that "Baal-peor was one of those "guy" kind of sins like pornography and prostitution are today. The men who followed after this sin were destroyed." Related Resources: Idolatry and Immorality - the relationship and the antidote See in depth study on Baal for all the men who followed Baal-peor, the LORD your God has destroyed them from among you - 24,000 in Nu 25:9+ or 23,000 in 1 Cor 10:8+ BAAL-PEOR bāl pe’ ôr (בַּ֥עַל פְּעֹֽור, Baal of Peor). The god worshipped in Moab by Israel at the instigation of Balaam while the Israelites were encamped at Shittim (Nu 25:3ff.). All such worshipers were destroyed by God out of Israel (Deut 4:3). The heinous nature of their sin was not soon forgotten as both the psalmist and the prophet recalled it later to Israel (Ps 106:28; Hos 9:10). In the latter passage, the idol is called “shameful” and their action “abominable.” Probably licentious practice with the women of Moab was involved in the worship. He was a local deity of Mt. Peor but presumably related to the Phoen. Baal. Destroyed (demolish, exterminate) (08045)(shamad) is a verb meaning "be destroyed, decimated, perished, overthrown, exterminated, i.e., pertaining to being in a totally ruined state, which can include death of a person or extinction of an entity." (Swanson) This verb is most commonly used in Deuteronomy and Joshua and refer to Israel destroying the Canaanites and taking over the Promised Land. The destruction depicted by shamad usually involves a rather sudden catastrophe such as warfare or a mass killing. For example in Dt 6:15 God says He will "wipe" Israel off the face of the earth, so great was His anger against them! It is worth noting that the last OT use of shamad is one of the greatest for the nation of Israel, the prophet Zechariah recording "And in that day (WHAT DAY - Read Zechariah 12:1-14+) I (JEHOVAH/YAHWEH HIMSELF) will set about to destroy all (HOW MANY?) the nations that come against Jerusalem." (Zechariah 12:9+) Anti-Semitism will be obliterated! The prophet Isaiah gives a prophecy that should startle every person who is not a believer in the Messiah - "Behold, the day of the LORD is coming, Cruel, with fury and burning anger, To make the land a desolation; And He will exterminate its sinners from it." (Isa. 13:9+) Deut. 1:27; Deut. 2:12; Deut. 2:21; Deut. 2:22; Deut. 2:23; Deut. 4:3; Deut. 4:26; Deut. 6:15; Deut. 7:4; Deut. 7:23; Deut. 7:24; Deut. 9:3; Deut. 9:8; Deut. 9:14; Deut. 9:19; Deut. 9:20; Deut. 9:25; Deut. 12:30; Deut. 28:20; Deut. 28:24; Deut. 28:45; Deut. 28:48; Deut. 28:51; Deut. 28:61; Deut. 28:63; Deut. 31:3; Deut. 31:4; Deut. 33:27; Deuteronomy 4:4 "But you who held fast to the LORD your God are alive today, every one of you. De 10:20 13:4 Jos 22:5 23:8 Ru 1:14-17 Ps 63:8 143:6-11 Isa 26:20 Eze 9:4 Joh 6:67-69 Ac 11:23 Ro 12:9 Rev 14:4 20:4 Deuteronomy 4 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries HERE IS THE REWARD FOR HOLDING FAST TO THE LORD Note that reward rhymes (fairly close) with LORD. which is very apropos, for Jehovah is the Giver of every good gift (James 1:17+). The short version is "listen and live!" But - Always pause to ponder this term of contrast. Sin has a high price, but there is safety in obeying the Lord. Robert Neighbour adds that Dt 4:3-4 demonstrate a clear contrast of destinies based on different choices for Dt 4:3 describes "The bane of disobedience and Dt 4:4 "The blessing of obedience." Which road are you traveling on today beloved? Jamieson - The allusion to that recent and appalling judgment was seasonably made as a powerful dissuasive against idolatry, and the fact mentioned was calculated to make a deep impression on people who knew and felt the truth of it. (A Commentary: Critical, Experimental, and Practical on the Old and New Testaments) Jon Courson - Those who didn't listen were dead. Those who did were alive. How true that still is. When I don't listen to the Lord, I experience deadness, dearth, and drought in my soul. On the other hand, there is a liveliness and vitality about those who do indeed listen to the Lord. (Jon Courson's Application Commentary Old Testament) Merrill Unger - Thus his point is made: Just as obedience to the Lord in the past resulted in life, so obedience in time to come would guarantee ongoing life. Obviously the converse was equally true. Those who fell short of the Lord's expectations of them would die (cf. Dt 8:1; 30:19). (New American Commentary – Volume 4: Deuteronomy) But you who held fast to the LORD your God are alive today - God was Israel's Husband (Isa 54:5, Jer 31:32+) and they were to "cling (dabaq) to Him" (Dt 10:20+, Dt 13:4+). And so they held fast (dabeq) to the words of His covenant even as a husband and wive cling (dabaq) to each other in the marriage covenant (Ge 2:24). They were holding fast and as a result God held them fast! How did they hold fast to the LORD? They didn't hold to Him physically, so it had to be spiritually. They held fast by faith to His statues and judgments. They had received them and their action of holding fast proved they believed them (cp the power of God's Word to perform its work in those who believe it = 1 Th 2:13+). A NT parallel passage is found in Paul's letter to the saints at Philippi... Holding fast (present tense = continually) the word of life, so that in the day of Christ I will have reason to glory because I did not run in vain nor toil in vain (Php 2:16-note) In another passage Paul told Timothy to Retain (hold) (present imperative = keep holding in your possession = a command to make this the direction of your life, not possible by natural power but supernatural enabling by the Spirit) the standard of sound (hugiaino - gives us English "hygienic") words which you have heard from me, in the faith and love which are in Christ Jesus (2 Ti 1:13-note) Comment - Paul was saying "Timothy don't lose your grip on the standard."
Deuteronômio 4
Guzik - One of Satan’s great strategies is to make us remember what we should forget, and forget what we should remember. If we don’t remember our past sins and rebellions against God, we can easily repeat them, falling into the same sinful patterns and traps: "Therefore let him who thinks he stands take heed (present imperative/ = continually, speaks of direction not perfection, requires continual reliance of enablement by the Spirit) lest he fall." (1 Corinthians 10:12+) (Notes) And they do not depart from your heart all the days of your life - Forgetting is equated with departing from the heart. This is an interesting thought for it suggests we can have head knowledge that fails to affect our heart. Stated another way the forgetfulness Moses warns about is not a mental problem as much as it is a spiritual problem! The heart is your control center and if God's Truth departs from your heart, be careful for you are on a potentially perilous path. The Lxx translates depart (sur - turn away, turn aside) with the Greek verb aphistemi which means fall away, even to become apostate. The Septuagint is a command to not let them depart from your heart. MacIntosh comments that "When Israel later began a large-scale defection to the idolatry of Canaan, it was not because they had forgotten Yahweh's name, still less because they no longer felt he deserved their devotion. He had simply receded from the consciousness at the moment that their defection began. Once it was under way, they were so distracted with the passing pleasures of sin (ED: cf Moses in Heb 11:25+) that they did not give Him a moment's thought. Godly living is a process that must be renewed each day." (Holman Old Testament Commentary) Notice the phrase all the days of your life which clearly indicates we need to remain vigilant to maintain ongoing reflection on the awesome nature of God every day of our life, for the rest of our life! (cf Dt 4:10; 6:2; 12:1; 16:3). There is no furlough when it comes to guarding our heart! This is another motivation for all God's children to seek to have a daily quiet time in the pure milk of God's Word of Truth (not books or devotionals about the Word as good as they might be). We don't want to be legalistic about a daily quiet time, because it is not about "perfection" ("I never miss a day!") but about "direction." If your "quiet time" is too "quiet" below are a couple of resources that might help to jump start your morning time with God. Quiet Time: 7 Minutes With God Thoughts on the Quiet Time. Heart (03824)(lebab) sometimes refers to a literal heart (Ex 28:29, 1Sa 25:37, 2Ki 9:24), but most often is used figurative to refer to what I term the "control center" of our being (Dt 4:11 is an exception). Think of an Air Traffic Controller and how dysfunctional, even destructive it is when the controllers fail to function as they should. Heart is a keyword in Deuteronomy - 49x in 45v - Deut. 1:28; Deut. 2:30; Deut. 4:9; Deut. 4:11; Deut. 4:29; Deut. 4:39; Deut. 5:29; Deut. 6:5; Deut. 6:6; Deut. 7:17; Deut. 8:2; Deut. 8:5; Deut. 8:14; Deut. 8:17; Deut. 9:4; Deut. 9:5; Deut. 10:12; Deut. 10:16; Deut. 11:13; Deut. 11:16; Deut. 11:18; Deut. 13:3; Deut. 14:26; Deut. 15:7; Deut. 15:9; Deut. 15:10; Deut. 17:17; Deut. 17:20; Deut. 18:21; Deut. 20:8; Deut. 24:15; Deut. 26:16; Deut. 28:28; Deut. 28:47; Deut. 28:65; Deut. 28:67; Deut. 29:4; Deut. 29:18; Deut. 29:19; Deut. 30:2; Deut. 30:6; Deut. 30:10; Deut. 30:14; Deut. 30:17; Deut. 32:46