1 Samuel 16
F.B. Meyer · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Samuel 16
Meyer - “From whatever side we view the life of David, it is remarkable. It may be that Abraham excelled him in faith, and Moses in the power of concentrated fellowship with God, and Elijah in the fiery force of his enthusiasm. But none of these was so many-sided as the richly gifted son of Jesse.” and the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon David from that day forward - This is the first mention of David's name, which most think means "beloved" (but there is some uncertainty). This was the real "anointing" David received (and needed) for service. The presence of the Spirit was God's supernatural empowerment for service. Oil on the head symbolized the Spirit in his heart. THOUGHT - The absolute requirement for supernatural service in NT believers is the same as it was in the OT - the power of the Spirit. Jesus alludes to this necessity (albeit not using the Spirit's Name) in John 15:5 declaring "I am the Vine, you are the branches; he who abides in Me and I in him, he bears much fruit, for apart from Me you can do nothing." adding that "It is the Spirit who gives life; the flesh profits nothing" (Jn 6:63). Paul amplifies this critically important spiritual truth declaring "Not that we are adequate in ourselves to consider anything as coming from ourselves, but our adequacy is from God, Who also made us adequate as servants of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit; for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life." (2Cor 3:5-6+). Are you (AM I) continually filled with the Spirit (Eph 5:18+), for this is the ONLY way you (I) can carry out supernatural work for God? A W Tozer made the pithy statement that "If the Holy Spirit was withdrawn from the church today, 95 percent of what we do would go on and no one would know the difference. If the Holy Spirit had been withdrawn from the New Testament church, 95 percent of what they did would stop, and everybody would know the difference.” (See A Spirit Filled Church).
1 Samuel 16
Meyer - 1 Samuel 16:13 The Spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward. What may not a day bring forth! Here was a shepherd lad, summoned hastily from his sheep, and anointed king. But an even greater blessing came into his life that day, for he was mightily endued with the Holy Spirit. Without doubt, during his early years the Spirit of God had dwelt within him, molding his character, inditing his songs; but, henceforth, the Spirit was to abide on him, as a Divine unction. Why should not this day witness a similar transformation for you; not in the change of earthly position, but in your reception of the “power from on high” through a renewed enduement? Why should not the Spirit of the Lord come mightily upon you from this holy hour, even as your eyes glance down this page? Though it is quite possible that you have been empowered once, there is no finality in God’s bestowals; the apostles were filled and filled again (Acts 2 and 4). The age of Pentecost in which we live is distinctly one of Divine anointing. It awaits all who will separate themselves to God, and receive it for His glory. The characteristic preposition of this age is on. If you have not received power, seek it; he that seeketh findeth; nay, receive it— to ask is to get. If the Master, though begotten of the Holy Spirit, forbore to preach the Gospel, and bind up broken hearts, till He had been anointed as the Christ by the Spirit, who descended on Him at His baptism; how foolish it is for us, who were born in sin, to attempt similar work, apart from similar enduement! The promise to each child of God is: “Ye shall receive power after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you; and ye shall be witnesses unto Me” (Acts 1:8). Theodore Epp - A MAN AFTER THE HEART OF GOD 1 Samuel 16:1-13 When Samuel was sent to the house of Jesse to anoint one of his sons to be king, the old prophet apparently assumed that since Saul (the present king) was a man of striking physical appearance, God would choose another like him. As Eliab, Jesse's oldest son, stood before him, Samuel said in his heart, "Surely the Lord's anointed is before him" (1 Sam. 16:6). Then God showed Samuel that the divine standard was not according to a man's physical appearance but according to his heart attitude toward God. "Look not on his countenance," the Lord said, "or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the Lord looketh on the heart" (v. 7). Paul referred to this fact when he said in Acts 13:22,23, "And when he [God] had removed him [Saul], he raised up unto them David to be their king; to whom also he gave testimony, and said, I have found David the son of Jesse, a man after mine own heart, which shall fulfil all my will. Of this man's seed hath God according to his promise raised unto Israel a Saviour, Jesus." So God's choice was a heart choice. It is clear from this that God's thoughts are not our thoughts, and our ways are not God's ways (see Isa. 55:8,9). God looked for a man whose heart was right toward Him and found him in David. "But know that the LORD hath set apart him that is godly for himself" (Ps. 4:3). Related Resource: Empowered by the Spirit of God- Holy Spirit in the Histographic Writings of the OT -- D. Block 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD terrorized him. BGT 1 Samuel 16:14 καὶ πνεῦμα κυρίου ἀπέστη ἀπὸ Σαουλ καὶ ἔπνιγεν αὐτὸν πνεῦμα πονηρὸν παρὰ κυρίου LXE 1 Samuel 16:14 And the Spirit of the Lord departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the Lord tormented him. KJV 1 Samuel 16:14 But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him. NET 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the Spirit of the LORD had turned away from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD tormented him. CSB 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the Spirit of the LORD had left Saul, and an evil spirit sent from the LORD began to torment him, ESV 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and a harmful spirit from the LORD tormented him. NIV 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the Spirit of the LORD had departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD tormented him. NLT 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the Spirit of the LORD had left Saul, and the LORD sent a tormenting spirit that filled him with depression and fear. NRS 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD tormented him. NJB 1 Samuel 16:14 Now the spirit of Yahweh had withdrawn from Saul, and an evil spirit from Yahweh afflicted him with terrors. NAB 1 Samuel 16:14 The spirit of the LORD had departed from Saul, and he was tormented by an evil spirit sent by the LORD. YLT 1 Samuel 16:14 And the Spirit of Jehovah turned aside from Saul, and a spirit of sadness from Jehovah terrified him; the Spirit: 1Sa 11:6 1Sa 18:12 1Sa 28:15 Jdg 16:29 Ps 51:11 Ho 9:12 evil spirit: 1Sa 18:10 1Sa 19:9-10 Jdg 9:23 1Ki 22:22 Ac 19:15,16 1 Samuel 16 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 1 Samuel 18:10-12 (See notes) Now it came about on the next day that an evil spirit from God came mightily upon Saul, and he raved in the midst of the house, while David was playing the harp with his hand, as usual; and a spear was in Saul’s hand. 11Saul hurled the spear for he thought, “I will pin David to the wall.” But David escaped from his presence twice. Now Saul was afraid of David, for the LORD was with him (THE HOLY SPIRIT) but (THE HOLY SPIRIT) had departed from Saul. 1 Samuel 19:9-10 (See notes) Now there was an evil spirit from the LORD on Saul as he was sitting in his house with his spear in his hand, and David was playing the harp with his hand. 10 Saul tried to pin David to the wall with the spear, but he slipped away out of Saul’s presence, so that he stuck the spear into the wall. And David fled and escaped that night. 1 Samuel 28:15+ Then Samuel said to Saul, “Why have you disturbed me by bringing me up?” And Saul answered, “I am greatly distressed; for the Philistines are waging war against me, and God (THE SPIRIT) has departed from me and no longer answers me, either through prophets or by dreams; therefore I have called you, that you may make known to me what I should do.” (NOTE IRONY - SAUL WOULD NOT CONSULT SAMUEL DURING LIFE BUT NOW IN DEATH!) Judges 9:23+ Then God sent an evil spirit between Abimelech and the men of Shechem; and the men of Shechem dealt treacherously with Abimelech, 1 Kings 22:19-22 Micaiah said, “Therefore, hear the word of the LORD. I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right and on His left. 20 “The LORD said, ‘Who will entice Ahab to go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead?’ And one said this while another said that. 21 “Then a spirit came forward and stood before the LORD and said, ‘I will entice him.’ 22 “The LORD said to him, ‘How?’ And he said, ‘I will go out and be a deceiving spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.’ Then He said, ‘You are to entice him and also prevail. Go and do so.’ Sinister Spirit Seizes Saul GOOD SPIRIT DEPARTS EVIL SPIRIT IMPARTS! Now - While the time is not specifically stated, the context suggests that when the Spirit came upon David, He departed from Saul, in effect a supernatural "give and take," a veritable "profit and loss" statement of the spiritual kind! David was increasing and Saul was decreasing (cf 1Sa 18:12). The Spirit of the LORD departed (sur; Lxx = aphistemi - withdrew) from Saul - The Spirit leaves one king after just coming on the newly anointed king. This is a very sad verse! In the OT the gift of the Spirit was not permanent, which is why David prayed "Do not take Thy Holy Spirit from me." (Ps 51:11). But just as in the NT, the Holy Spirit's presence was necessary for the recipient to be enabled to perform supernatural work! Thus it seems fair to say that the remainder of Saul's rule was primarily rule by a man controlled by the fallen flesh. And many of the specific actions by Saul in the subsequent passages would support this premise. Once the Holy Spirit left Saul, he was never the same man again! Praise God that today the Spirit will never leave us or forsake us! (Heb 13:5+). MacArthur makes an interesting statement - Without God’s empowering Holy Spirit, Saul was effectively no longer king over Israel (1Sa 15:28+), although his physical removal from the throne, and his death, happened many years later. (Borrow The MacArthur Study Bible ) GotQuestions.org says "The indwelling was a sign of God’s favor upon that individual (in the case of David), and if God’s favor left an individual, the Spirit would depart (e.g., in Saul’s case in 1 Samuel 16:14)." (See article below) And an evil spirit from the LORD - The CSB says "an evil spirit sent from the LORD." While in one sense that is possible, it would be better to say the LORD permitted the evil spirit to come because "sent from the LORD" gives the inaccurate picture that God is the author of evil and that is absolutely not true! Of course, the main point is that God was sovereign over the evil spirit's activity, even as He was sovereign over allowing Satan to torment Job (Job 1, Job 2) God is sovereign Creator and demons are created beings "on His lease" so to speak! They can do no more than God allows! (Job 1:12, Job 2:4-6) Terrorized (baath) him - NLT = "a tormenting spirit that filled him with depression and fear." The Septuagint translates terrorized (baath) with the verb pnigo which gives us a vivid word picture of the effect of the spirit on Saul, for pnigo means to choke, strangle, suffocate (apply pressure around the neck in order to kill - cf Mt 18:28)! While I hardly think Saul was physically choked, figuratively he may have felt that way. Little wonder that Saul was overwhelmed with fear! This clearly was not just a minor migraine or a scratchy sore throat! One other point is that pnigo is in the imperfect tense indicating that this effect was occurring again and again, over and over. Apparently he would have moments of respite, followed by resumption of the attacks!