Isaías 1
G. Campbell Morgan · Citado em PreceptAustin
Isaías 1:1
Morgan wrote that.. The whole story of the prophet Isaiah, as it is revealed to us in this one book, is that of a man who spoke to an inattentive age or to an age which, if attentive, mocked him and refused to obey his message, until, as the prophetic period drew to a close, he inquired in anguish, ‘Who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?’ (Isa 53:1) ” (Westminster Pulpit, vol. 10, p. 10) Ray Stedman a gifted expositor presents an eloquent introduction to the book of Isaiah… Isaiah was the greatest of the prophets and a superb master of language. If you enjoy beautiful, rolling cadences and marvelous literary passages, you will enjoy this book for that reason alone. Isaiah is the fullest revelation of Christ in the Old Testament -- so much so, that it is often called "the gospel according to Isaiah." To acquaint yourself with these magnificent, prophetic passages looking forward to Christ is to experience much of the richness and depth of Scripture. Also, the prophetic nature of the book of Isaiah is one of the great proofs that the Bible is the word of God, for Isaiah lived some 724 years before Christ. The many passages looking forward to the Messiah point so clearly to Christ and are fulfilled in him, and thereby constitute an unanswerable argument for the divine inspiration of the book. Any time we approach a new book, we always want to look for a key. I am afraid, however, that this is sometimes a rather weak approach. Sometimes these Bible books seem like locked houses, barred and shuttered, so that you can't get anything out of them unless you find the key. And some people feel that the only duly-licensed real estate agents are the Bible teachers, who alone have the keys to the Scripture's "real estate." But scriptural books are not like that. They are more like national parks. They are open to everyone to roam in, and are a delight to explore all by yourself. But each park has a characteristic peculiar to itself that distinguishes it from the others; and you appreciate a park better if you know what that characteristic is. I have learned to appreciate some of the distinct characteristics of the great national parks in the West. For instance, if you want to see nature's various moods, go to Yellowstone Park. There she pulls all the tricks out of her bag and throws everything together. If you want to see mountain grandeur and cool lakes, Glacier Park in Montana is the place to go. If you want to be awed and humbled and stirred, then go to the Grand Canyon. If you are looking for a quiet valley in which to rest and reflect, Yosemite fills the bill -- that is, any time other than midsummer, when some twenty thousand people are in the valley with you. Sometimes I think of these books of the Bible like this. The book of Revelation is to me very much like Yellowstone National Park. It is full of spouting geysers and all kinds of weird symbolism and a variety of formations. The Gospel of John is more like Yosemite; quiet and deep and reverent. But there is no question that the book of Isaiah is the Grand Canyon of scripture. Geologists tell us that the Grand Canyon is a miniature history of the earth -- a condensed history, a pocket volume of the past -- just so, the book of Isaiah has long been recognized as a miniature Bible… Visitors to the Grand Canyon are always astonished by one thing when they go there. They stand at the rim and look out over the vast. jumbled, silent canyon -- down to the Colorado River, which seems but a silver thread more than a mile below them -- and sooner or later some tourist cries in amazement, "I don't understand how a tiny thing like that river could have carved a canyon like this!" They are amazed by that concept. Now if you read the book of Isaiah thoughtfully and carefully, you sense immediately the grandeur and the power of God. You hear the powerful, rolling cadences of this book's language. You sense the insignificance of man when compared with the might and the wisdom and majesty of God. And if you ask yourself, "How could Isaiah, just a human being like myself, write a book like this?" to answer seems impossible… Now if any key is needed to this book, this is it. Isaiah was a man who was searching for something. Peter says he was searching after the salvation that was to come from God. And the interesting thing is that the name "Isaiah" means "The salvation of Jehovah." Now what sets this man searching? Why does he pore over his writings, puzzling over this matter? Well, when you read this book you can see his problem. Isaiah lived in a time of national stress, when man's true nature was visible and was exposing itself for what it was just as in our day. (Isaiah: The Salvation of the Lord) To understand Isaiah or any of the OT prophets one must have a grasp of the history of the nation of Israel as summarized below. The reader is encouraged to read the Scripture references that substantiate the historical events (words in blue are also active links). After pondering and digesting the history of Israel, the diligent student of God's Word would be well advised to study the table (table) that depicts the OT prophets, their times and their target audience (Israel or Judah). Finally, as an aid to understanding prophetic passages, the astute reader would be prudent to study the major prophetic points of history (chart). COMMENTARIES ON THE BOOK OF ISAIAH Some quotes on Modern Commentaries on Isaiah especially regarding their tendency to jettison a literal interpretation and replace the nation of Israel with the Church… Preaching Isaiah: Dispensational Issues - Neal Cushman - This is a very interesting article even if you are not a dispensationalist (which I am not - I am a literalist!) John Oswalt, the Book of Isaiah - Cushman's review - "Oswalt’s two-volume set on Isaiah in the New International Commentary on the Old Testament series is unsurpassed among other commentaries on this prophecy for its focus on Hebrew grammar and syntax, its approach to textual critical issues, and its extensive interaction with secondary literature. Unfortunately, it is amillennial in its eschatology which tends to frequently skew Isaiah’s message. (Preaching Isaiah: Dispensational Issues - Neal Cushman). NOTE: Volume 1 - can be borrowed online - The Book of Isaiah. Chapters 1-39 J. Alec Motyer, Isaiah : an introduction and commentary (borrow) - Cushman's review - "Be aware that Motyer, a pre-millenialist, states that the theme of the first 37 chapters of Isaiah is “the king who reigns in Zion.”… However, when one examines Motyer’s analysis of Isaiah’s prophecy more closely it appears that when he speaks of Israel, Judah, or Jerusalem he speaks of the church. Motyer’s outline of Isaiah fashions eschatology related to the Jewish nation to the church… Motyer speaks of a “church within the church” when describing the remnant in Isa 8. (Preaching Isaiah: Dispensational Issues - Neal Cushman - see page 17) . Young's 3 Volume Commentary on Isaiah - Voluminous but very much not literal! Be a Berean! On the other hand some modern commentators thankfully have held fast to a literal interpretation of Isaiah's prophecies Be Comforted (Isaiah)- Feeling Secure in the Arms of God- Warren W. Wiersbe (see Isaiah in Bible Exposition Commentary - Old Testament) - Commenting on Isaiah 2:1-5 Dr
Isaías 1:10-15
Morgan writes that "At the heart of the chapter these words occur (Isa 1:11), and they are startlingly revealing of the Divine attitude toward the sacrifices which are being offered. The words, "I have had enough of," are expressive of loathing, produced by satiety. The whole force of this is derived from the fact that all these offerings were Divinely appointed. What an interpretation we have here of the attitude of God toward all religious observances. When the highest and best of these, those of His own ordination, cease to be the expressions of a true spiritual and mental condition, He loathes them. (Life Applications from Every Chapter of the Bible) Comment: Loathe = to dislike greatly and often with disgust or intolerance, to look on with hatred or abhorrence, particularly, to feel disgust at food or drink, either from natural antipathy, or a sickly appetite, or from satiety, or from its ill taste. I take no pleasure - Pleasure here is the same word used in Isa 53:10. J
Isaías 1:10-15
Morgan commenting on I cannot endure iniquity writes by way of application that "In all our exercises in worship we need to remember this. The singing of hymns, the offering of prayers, the giving of money, the study of the Word, all may become hateful to God, and do, when the spiritual and moral condition of the worshippers is not in harmony with what these things stand for." (Life Applications from Every Chapter of the Bible) NET Note - Heb "sin (iniquity) and assembly" (these two nouns probably represent a hendiadys). The point is that their attempts at worship are unacceptable to God because the people's everyday actions in the socio-economic realm prove they have no genuine devotion to God (see Isa 1:16–17). F B