2 Coríntios 5
J.C. Ryle · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Coríntios 5:17
Ryle comments: This is perhaps one of the most wonderful promises made to believers in the New Testament. It must probably be interpreted figuratively. It means that there is no limit to the honor and glory which the Lord Jesus will bestow on those who are ready to meet him at his second coming. Parerchomai - 116v in non-apocryphal Septuagint (LXX) - Ge 18:3, 5; 30:32; 32:31; 41:53; 50:4; Ex 3:3; 12:23; 15:16; 23:5; 33:19, 22; 34:6; Nu 13:32; 20:17, 19, 21; 21:22, 23; 32:21, 27; 34:4; Dt 2:8, 13, 14, 24, 27, 28, 29; 17:2; 26:13; 29:12, 16; Josh 4:23; 6:8; 15:10, 11; 16:2, 6; 18:17; 24:17; Jdg 3:26; 9:26; 11:17, 19, 20, 29, 32; 12:1, 3; 18:13; 19:12, 14; 1Sa 16:8; 2Sa 2:15; 15:22, 24; 16:1; 17:20; 18:9; 20:13; 23:4; 1 Kgs 18:29; 19:11; 2 Kgs 3:10; 6:9; 2Chr 8:15; 9:2; 18:23; Neh 2:14; 9:11; Es 10:3; Job 6:15; 9:11; 11:16; 14:16; 17:11; 23:12; 28:8; Ps 37:36; 57:1; 90:5f; 104:9; 141:10; 148:6; Pr 22:3; 27:13; Song 2:11; 3:4; 5:6; Isa 10:28, 29; 26:20; 28:15, 17, 19; 33:21; 34:16; 35:8; 51:23; Jer 8:20; 33:13; 34:18; 41:8; Da 2:9; 4:31; 6:12; 7:14; 11:10, 26, 40; 12:1; Amos 7:8; 8:2. Below are several illustrative uses of parerchomai in the Septuagint JEHOVAH PASSES BY One of the most notable occurrences (used 3 times in Exodus 33) of parerchomai is found in Exodus where Moses asks God for a revelation of His glory… Then Moses said, "I pray Thee, show me Thy glory!" 19 And He said, "I Myself will make all My goodness pass (LXX - parerchomai) before you, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before you; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show compassion on whom I will show compassion." 20 But He said, "You cannot see My face, for no man can see Me and live!" Then the LORD said, "Behold, there is a place by Me, and you shall stand there on the rock; 22 and it will come about, while My glory is passing by (LXX - parerchomai), that I will put you in the cleft of the rock and cover you with My hand until I have passed by (LXX - parerchomai). (Ex 33:18, 19, 21, 22) Comment: Here we see that "passing by" is an important OT motif, and actually serves as a technical term for an epiphany, of an occurrence of God passing by (cp Ge 18:3, 1Ki 19:11, 12, 13 = in "a gentle blowing", Job 9:11), which is not a sign of His neglect or disregard (one of the NT meanings of parerchomai) but a sign of His caring presence! Just before the passing by of the glory of the LORD in the preceding passage, Moses was struggling to maintain courage in a difficult situation (read Ex 33:15), and God's "passing by" is His answer. The difficult circumstances were not changed but Moses received assurance that God would be with him on the difficult road ahead (40 years of wandering in the wilderness). We see a similar passing by of the Lord Jesus in Mk 6:48 and in Mk 6:49, 50 He too encourages His struggling, straining (at the oars) disciples for He knew that the disciples need this assurance more than they need another storm-stilling miracle! You like Moses or the Lord's disciples may be going through a difficult time and be in need of a "passing by" of Jehovah (Jehovah = Jesus) to encourage you. Take a moment and meditate on the Exodus passage, asking God to show you His glory in and through His living Word of Truth. He is the same God to us that He was to Moses and the disciples (Heb 13:8-+) and His promise is steadfast and sure (read He 13:5-+ and He 13:6-+ comparing with 1Co 10:13-+) Exodus 34:6 Then the LORD passed by (LXX - parerchomai) in front of him and proclaimed, "The LORD, the LORD God, compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in lovingkindness and truth; For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when He sees the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, the LORD will pass over the door and will not allow the destroyer to come in to your houses to smite you. (Ex 12:23) Comment: Parerchomai is used twice in this passage to describe the Passover, which was not only an "epiphany", but was also a "catastrophe" for those who had no blood on the lintels or doorposts! (Context = Dt 29:10, 11) that you may enter (LXX - parerchomai) into the covenant with the LORD your God, and into His oath which the LORD your God is making with you today, (Dt 29:12) Comment: The literal Hebrew is "pass on into the covenant of the Lord your God and into his oath, which the Lord your God is cutting with you today." Parerchomai is used figuratively to describe the Jews "passing into" the Mosaic (not the Abrahamic) Covenant. Joshua 4:23YLT because Jehovah your God dried up the waters of the Jordan at your presence, till your passing over, as Jehovah your God did to the Red Sea which He dried up at our presence till our passing over; Job 23:12-+ "I have not departed (LXX - parerchomai = "not passed" = not transgressed, neglected or disregarded) from the command of His lips; I have treasured the words of His mouth more than my necessary food. Isaiah 26:20 Come, my people, enter into your rooms and close your doors behind you; Hide for a little while (3.5 years, time, times, half a time - See Da 7:25-See note) Until indignation (synonymous with the Great Tribulation) runs its course (Isa 26:20ESV = passed by, LXX - parerchomai) Isaiah 35:8ESV And a highway shall be there (A reference to the time of the Millennium), and it shall be called the Way of Holiness; the unclean shall not pass over (LXX - parerchomai) it. It shall belong to those who walk on the way; even if they are fools, they shall not go astray. Daniel 7:14-+ "And to Him was given dominion, Glory and a kingdom, That all the peoples, nations and men of every language Might serve Him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion Which will not pass away (LXX - parerchomai); And His kingdom is one Which will not be destroyed. Adam Clarke sounds a serious, sobering alarm to any who would profess Christ as Savior and yet fail to exhibit any change in their lifestyle "It is vain for a man to profess affinity to Christ according to the flesh, while he is unchanged in his heart and life, and dead in trespasses and sins (Ep 2:1, 2-+); for he that is in Christ, that is, a genuine Christian, having Christ dwelling in his heart by faith (cp Ro 8:9-+), is a new creature; his old state is changed: he was a child of Satan (cp Acts 26:18), he is now a child of God (Jn 1:12, 1Jn 3:1-+, 1Jn 3:2-+, 1Jn 3:3-+, cp Ro 8:14, 15-+, Ro 8:16-+); he was a slave of sin (Jn 8:34), and his works were death (Ro 7:5-+, Ro 6:21-+); he is now made free from sin (Jn 8:36, cp Ro 6:11-+), and has his fruit unto holiness and the end everlasting life (Ro 6:22KJV-+). He was before full of pride and wrath; he is now meek and humble. He formerly had his portion in this life, and lived for this world alone; he now hath GOD for his portion (Ps 16:5-+, Ps 73:26-+, Ps 119:57-+, Ps 142:5-+, Lam 3:24), and he looks not at the things which are seen, but at the things which are eternal (2Co 4:18). Therefore, old things are passed away. (2 Cor 5 - Adam Clarke Commentary) (Scripture References Added) James Denney - The past was dead to him (Paul), as dead as Christ on His cross, all its ideas, all its hopes, all its ambitions were dead in Christ, he was another man in another universe. (2 Corinthians 5) BEHOLD, NEW THINGS HAVE COME: idou (2PSAMI) gegonen (3SRAI) kaina: New: 2Co 5:16 Isa 43:18,19 65:17,18 Mt 9:16,17 24:35 Ro 6:4, 5, 6 7:6 8:9 Ro 8:10 1Co 13:11 Eph 2:15 4:22, 23, 24 Php 3:7, 8, 9 Col 3:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Heb 8:9, 10, 11, 12, 13 2Pe 3:10, 11, 12, 13 Rev 21:1, 2, 3, 4, 5 See comments on the New Birth in John 3:3 2 Corinthians 5 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries While the context is different in Isaiah, the supernatural power of God in the following declaration gives us a picture of what God is able to do in the dry, dark, barren, stony heart of an unregenerate person who believes the Gospel… Do not call to mind the former things, or ponder things of the past. Behold, I will do something new (Lxx = kainos). Now it will spring forth. Will you not be aware of it? I will even make a roadway in the wilderness, rivers in the desert. (Isa 43:18, 19, cp Isa. 65:17, Rev. 21:4, 5) Behold - Don't scan over this word too quickly. As discussed below, behold should always cause one to pause and ask "What is there about which we should take special note?" John Wesley's answer was "The present, visible, undeniable change!" J Philip Arthur asks "The word behold is intended to convey a delighted sense of surprise and pleasure: 'Look at this—isn't it amazing! Here is a person who has altered for the better right across the board!' It is alarming, then, to observe that some who claim to be Christians seem virtually the same as they always were. (Welwyn Commentary Series – Strength in Weakness: 2 Corinthians Simply Explained) Marvin
2 Coríntios 5:17
Ryle - Something peculiar, distinct, and different The effects of the Spirit's work in conversion will always be seen. Those effects may be weak and feeble at first. But there where there is true conversion, some fruit will always be seen. Where no effect can be seen--there you may be sure is no grace. Where no visible fruit can be found--there you may be sure is no true conversion. Does anyone ask me what we may expect to see in a true conversion? I reply, There will always be something seen in a converted man's … character, and feelings, and conduct, and opinions, and daily life. You will not see perfection in him--but you will see in him something peculiar, distinct, and different from other people. You will see him … hating sin, loving Christ, following after holiness, taking pleasure in his Bible, persevering in prayer. You will see him … penitent, humble, believing, temperate, charitable, truthful, good-tempered, patient, upright, honorable, kind. These, at any rate, will be his aims--these are the things which he will follow after, however short he may come of perfection. In some converted people you will see these things more distinctly, in others less. This only I say, wherever there is conversion, something of this kind will be seen. True conversion is a thing that can always be seen. Never, never, will I allow that the blessed Spirit can be in a man's heart--when no fruit of the Spirit can be seen in his life! A conversion which allows a man to live in sin, to lie, and drink, and swear--is not the conversion of the Bible. It is a counterfeit conversion, which can only please the devil, and will lead the man who is satisfied with it--not to heaven, but to hell! (CONVERSION) Have come (1096) (ginomai) means to cause to become or to come into existence. The perfect tense indicates that this change has occurred in the past at a point in time and that the results or effects of that change persist into the present. In other words the perfect tense speaks of the permanence of this new change. As A T Robertson phrases it this tense emphasizes that things "have become new to stay so". IVP NT Commentary describes it as "a new set of standards and attitudes "has come to stay'".