Mateus 13
J.C. Ryle · Citado em PreceptAustin
Mateus 13
Ryle - “When a man will venture nothing for Christ’s sake, we must draw the sorrowful conclusion that he has not got the grace of God” David Turner - This is another picture of the sacrifice entailed in discipleship when kingdom values are taken seriously (cf. Mt 6:19–34+). (BECNT-Mt) D A Carson - So the parable deals with neither the legality nor the morality of the situation (as with the parable of the thief in the night) but with the value of the treasure, which is worth every sacrifice. When the man buys the field at such sacrifice, he possesses far more than the price paid (cf. Mt 10:39+). The kingdom of heaven is worth infinitely more than the cost of discipleship, and those who know where the treasure lies joyfully abandon everything else to secure it. (BORROW The Expositor's Bible Commentary : abridged edition: 1994). David
Mateus 13
Ryle applies this passage - Personal application has been called the “soul” of preaching. A sermon without application is like a letter posted without a direction. It may be well-written, rightly dated, and duly signed. But it is useless, because it never reaches its destination. Our Lord’s inquiry is an admirable example of real heart-searching application, “Have ye understood?” The mere form of hearing a sermon can profit no man, unless he comprehends what it means. He might just as well listen to the blowing of a trumpet, or the beating of a drum. His intellect must be set in motion, and his heart impressed. Ideas must be received into his mind. He must carry off the seeds of new thoughts. Without this he hears in vain. It is of great importance to see this point clearly. There is a vast amount of ignorance about it. There are thousands who go regularly to places of worship, and think they have done their religious duty, but never carry away an idea, or receive an impression. Ask them, when they return home on a Sunday evening, what they have learned, and they cannot tell you a word. Examine them at the end of a year, as to the religious knowledge they have attained, and you will find them as ignorant as the heathen. Let us watch our souls in this matter. Let us take with us to Church, not only our bodies, but our minds, our reason, our hearts, and our consciences. Let us often ask ourselves, “What have I got from this sermon? what have I learned? what truths have been impressed on my mind?” Intellect, no doubt, is not everything in religion. But it does not therefore follow that it is nothing at all.—The heart is unquestionably the main point. But we must never forget that the Holy Ghost generally reaches the heart through the mind.—Sleepy, idle, inattentive hearers, are never likely to be converted. Matthew 13:52 And Jesus said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom of heaven is like a head of a household, who brings out of his treasure things new and old.” NET Matthew 13:52 Then he said to them, "Therefore every expert in the law who has been trained for the kingdom of heaven is like the owner of a house who brings out of his treasure what is new and old." GNT Matthew 13:52 ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Διὰ τοῦτο πᾶς γραμματεὺς μαθητευθεὶς τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν ὅμοιός ἐστιν ἀνθρώπῳ οἰκοδεσπότῃ, ὅστις ἐκβάλλει ἐκ τοῦ θησαυροῦ αὐτοῦ καινὰ καὶ παλαιά. NLT Matthew 13:52 Then he added, "Every teacher of religious law who becomes a disciple in the Kingdom of Heaven is like a homeowner who brings from his storeroom new gems of truth as well as old." KJV Matthew 13:52 Then said he unto them, Therefore every scribe which is instructed unto the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that is an householder, which bringeth forth out of his treasure things new and old. ESV Matthew 13:52 And he said to them, "Therefore every scribe who has been trained for the kingdom of heaven is like a master of a house, who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old." NIV Matthew 13:52 He said to them, "Therefore every teacher of the law who has been instructed about the kingdom of heaven is like the owner of a house who brings out of his storeroom new treasures as well as old." ASV Matthew 13:52 And he said unto them, Therefore every scribe who hath been made a disciple to the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that is a householder, who bringeth forth out of his treasure things new and old. CSB Matthew 13:52 "Therefore," He said to them, "every student of Scripture instructed in the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who brings out of his storeroom what is new and what is old." NKJ Matthew 13:52 Then He said to them, "Therefore every scribe instructed concerning the kingdom of heaven is like a householder who brings out of his treasure things new and old." NRS Matthew 13:52 And he said to them, "Therefore every scribe who has been trained for the kingdom of heaven is like the master of a household who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old." YLT Matthew 13:52 And he said to them, 'Because of this every scribe having been discipled in regard to the reign of the heavens, is like to a man, a householder, who doth bring forth out of his treasure things new and old.' NAB Matthew 13:52 And he replied, "Then every scribe who has been instructed in the kingdom of heaven is like the head of a household who brings from his storeroom both the new and the old." NJB Matthew 13:52 And he said to them, 'Well then, every scribe who becomes a disciple of the kingdom of Heaven is like a householder who brings out from his storeroom new things as well as old.' GWN Matthew 13:52 So Jesus said to them, "That is why every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom of heaven is like a home owner. He brings new and old things out of his treasure chest." BBE Matthew 13:52 And he said to them, For this reason every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom of heaven is like the owner of a house, who gives out from his store things new and old. Therefore every scribe - Mt 23:34 Ezr 7:6,10,21 Lu 11:49 2Co 3:4-6 Col 1:7 1Ti 3:6,15,16 2Ti 3:16,17 Tit 1:9 2:6,7 who has become a disciple - Mt 12:35 Pr 10:20,21 11:30 15:7 16:20-24 18:4 22:17,18 Ec 12:9-11 2Co 4:5-7 6:10 Eph 3:4,8 Col 3:16 brings out of his treasure things new and old - Song 7:13 Joh 13:34 1Jn 2:7,8 Matthew 13 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries And Jesus said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom (basileia) of heaven (note) is like - Therefore is a term of conclusion, indicating that Jesus accepted the disciples' "Yes" and concludes they are to be in essence scribes, those men who would now interpret and teach the things old and new to their hearers. As discussed below, some would literally inscribe these teachings for all to read in God's Holy Word. BDAG says that scribe or grammateus in this verse was in essence an "interpreter of teaching connected with the ministry of Jesus." The phrase has become a disciple could be paraphrased "has been discipled." D A Carson - Since Jesus’ disciples have now understood his parables, they can legitimately be called “scribes” themselves, as can all of his disciples with similar understanding. Jesus adds an explanatory expression: the scribe with whom he is concerned “has been instructed about the kingdom of heaven”. (BORROW The Expositor's Bible Commentary : abridged edition: 1994). Jesus differentiates this scribe from the more common Jewish scribes who were skilled in the OT law (see grammateus), Jewish legal scholars who had not become a disciple of the Kingdom of Heaven. The 12 (minus Judas Iscariot) had become disciples of the Kingdom of Heaven, and more specifically they had become disciples of the King of that Kingdom, the Lord Jesus Christ. Michael Andrus on scribes - When Christ speaks here of a “teacher of the law” it is more of an informal usage than what you would find in other passages, such as Matthew 23. In that chapter He denounces individuals so named for their misuse and misapplication of Scripture. Here it is a broader usage that could encompass the disciples, individuals who had no formal education but were recipients of instruction from Christ. Notice further that the teacher of the law referred to here has been instructed about the kingdom of heaven… These would be individuals who had heard, knew, understood, and accepted what Christ had taught about the kingdom of heaven. (Sermon Notes)
Mateus 13
Ryle - Do we wonder that the relations, servants, and neighbors of godly people are not always converted? Do we wonder that the parishioners of eminent ministers of the Gospel are often their hardest and most impenitent hearers? Let us wonder no more. Let us mark the experience of our Lord at Nazareth, and learn wisdom. Do we ever fancy that if we had only seen and heard Jesus Christ, we should have been His faithful disciples? Do we think that if we had only lived near Him, and been eyewitnesses of His ways, we should not have been undecided, wavering, and half-hearted about religion? If we do, let us think so no longer. Let us observe the people of Nazareth, and learn wisdom. ILLUSTRATION - Michel de Montaigne [16th cent] French Philosopher, Politician, and one of the most influential writers of the French Renaissance said, “at home he was considered just a scribbling country proprietor, in the neighboring town a man of recognized business ability, and farther away a noted author.” The greater the distance, the greater he became! Alan Carr - The people rejected Jesus and they rejected His message. His response to their unbelief is to quote a common proverb. In summary, the proverb Jesus told them simply means “familiarity breeds contempt”. ILLUSTRATION - Preachers who grow up in a church experience this problem all the time. The people in the church know you. They have watched you grow up. They have seen you succeed and they have watched you fail. They cannot get past what they know about to hear what you are preaching. If you are a preacher, the hardest place you will ever preach is your home church! You will find less acceptance there than you will anywhere else. (Sermon) Gil Rugh applies the Nazarene's scandal of their hometown Nazarene - Believers Cause Offense in Their Community - This helps us understand what goes on even in our day. Sometimes people have a hard time overcoming what they know about us as ordinary people. When you became a believer in Jesus Christ, your life was transformed. You became a new person. For many believers the transformation is very obvious. If you share that transformation with your family and tell them that you have believed that Jesus Christ died for you and He has made you a new person within, they are amazed and cannot understand what the change has been. They see you as a different person. As you share the truth with your family, they may become antagonized and angry. Such a response makes no sense. Your life has been transformed, and they have to admit you are a different person. But it makes them angry when you tell them about Christ and about their sinful condition and their need of Him as their Savior. Your explanation makes no sense at all to them. They do not want to know what really happened to you. They are looking only at the physical things and are ignoring the spiritual. That is why it is so hard to minister effectively with family members and others who are close to us. Parents look at us and tell us they diapered us when we were babies, put food on the table for us, took us to school on our first day, raised us to be religious, and now we are trying to tell them how to get to heaven. It creates tension and antagonism. This is because they keep looking at physical relationships. Those characteristics blind them to the supernatural things that are going on. That can happen even among believers. When I was in Bible college, one of my professors said, “Don’t be surprised if one of your classmates is used by God some day in a special, supernatural way that you cannot understand.” He indicated that if that happens, our response will probably be: “I can’t believe it. After all, I sat next to him in class and gave answers to him because he was slow. Now the Lord is using him to lead thousands of people to Christ in Africa! It’s hard to believe because that is just Joe. He was the clod who spilled ketchup all over his lap when we were having hot dogs.” Unfortunately, we begin to zero in on the common things we know about the person. Such an approach causes us to miss what is going on spiritually. That happens in a body of believers. If the Lord uses somebody in a special way to lead others to Christ, it is easy for us to focus on his problems. We remember the time he lost his temper with his kids. Why should he be getting attention by leading so many people to Christ? We lose sight of the work of God in his life and focus on physical things that tend to pull the person down. (Sermon) Misunderstood Read: Mark 6:1-6; 8:27-31 A prophet is not without honor except in his own country, among his own relatives. —Mark 6:4 It’s easy to be misunderstood. My wife and I still laugh about her first impressions of me when we were in college. She saw my natural shyness as aloofness. I think we’ve got that straightened out now. Somehow, I hadn’t communicated well to her. When we’re misunderstood, we haven’t communicated properly. For instance, the person who wrote this ad for a car fix-it shop didn’t mean to convey what he did: “Auto Repair Service. Free pick-up and delivery. Try us once and you’ll never go anywhere again.” That’s not exactly a confidence builder. Jesus was misunderstood during His ministry, but unlike the examples mentioned above, it wasn’t His fault. Even the people who lived with Him and observed Him closely didn’t understand His mission. For a long time, they didn’t see that He was the God-sent Messiah. That’s why His question in Mark 8:29 is so vital. There He asked His disciples, “Who do you say that I am?” Peter finally understood. Do you? Our Savior was the God-sent One; Though He was scorned, misunderstood, His love would not avoid the cross To bear our sins and make us good. —DJD Jesus is Good because He is God! Matthew 13:58 And He did not do many miracles there because of their unbelief. Mk 6:5,6 Lu 4:22-29 Ro 11:20 Heb 3:12-19 4:6-11 Matthew 13 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Parallel Passage: Mark 6:5+ And He could do no miracle there except that He laid His hands on a few sick people and healed them. 6 And He wondered (thaumazo) at their unbelief. And He was going around the villages teaching. JESUS' FINAL VISIT TO NAZARETH And He did not do many miracles there because of their unbelief - Note that it is not that Jesus could not but that He would not. So not only did He begin to speak in parables because they refused to receive the plain truth He taught (cf John 1:11-12+), but here we see He even curtails His miracles. This makes sense, because the miracles per se never saved anyone but were primarily to authenticate that His message was one spoken with divine authority and thus should be received as from God. “A sin (unbelief) of that venomous nature, that it transfuseth, as it were, a dead palsy into the hands of omnipotency.” -Puritan writer John Trapp
Mateus 13
Ryle on unbelief - The last thing which we ought to notice in these verses is the ruinous nature of unbelief. The chapter ends with the fearful words, “He did not many works there, because of their unbelief.” Behold in this single word the secret of the everlasting ruin of multitudes of souls! They perish for ever, because they will not believe. There is nothing beside in earth or heaven that prevents their salvation. Their sins, however many, might all be forgiven. The Father’s love is ready to receive them. The blood of Christ is ready to cleanse them. The power of the Spirit is ready to renew them. But a great barrier interposes;—they will not believe. “Ye will not come unto me,” says Jesus, “that ye might have life.” (John 5:40.) May we all be on our guard against this accursed sin. It is the old root-sin, which caused the fall of man. Cut down in the true child of God by the power of the Spirit, it is ever ready to bud and sprout again. There are three great enemies against which God’s children should daily pray,—pride, worldliness, and unbelief. Of these three, none is greater than unbelief. David Jeremiah - THE DANGER OF UNBELIEF - Unbelief is the greatest obstacle to the expression of faith in the life of Christians. Unbelief has ruined the vision of more people than any other single characteristic. One of the reasons so many churches settle for mediocrity is because they are limited by their unbelief. We ought to pray every day, both corporately and as individuals, that God would never limit us through our own unbelief. Sometimes we set barriers on our lives because we won’t believe great things. Matthew 13:58 tells of Jesus coming to Nazareth and not doing many miracles “because of their unbelief.” The greatest problem we face in churches is the problem of unbelief. Doubt creeps into the hearts of those who should be walking in faith and trusting God for His provision. Unbelief settles into their lives like a dark cloud, wiping out God’s plan and destroying the opportunity for His miracle-making power to take place. There will always be confrontation with unbelief for anyone willing to do great things for God. (Sanctuary) D L Moody - UNBELIEF is as much an enemy to the Christian as it is to the unconverted. It will keep back the blessing now as much as it did in the days of Christ. We read that in one place Christ could not do many mighty works because of unbelief. If Christ could not do this, how can we expect to accomplish anything if the people of God are unbelieving? I contend that God’s children are alone able to hinder God’s work. Infidels, atheists, and sceptics cannot do it. Where there is union, strong faith, and expectation among Christians, a mighty work is always done. Miracles (powers)(1411)(dunamis from dunamai = to be able, to have power) power especially achieving power, inherent ability to carry out some act. Dunamis is translated miracles 17 times in the NT. Miracles are defined as an extraordinary work of God, generally though transcending the ordinary powers of Nature; an extraordinary event manifesting divine intervention in human affairs; an event that is contrary to the established laws of nature and attributed to a supernatural cause. Tyndale Bible Dictionary defines a miracle as "A divine act by which God reveals himself to people." Unbelief (570)(apistia from a = without + pistós = believing, faithful) means literally not believing = faithlessness, distrust, lack of belief. It describes an unwillingness to commit oneself to another or respond positively to the other’s words or actions , in this case the words of the One Who was Himself the Living Word! Apistia - Mt 13:58; Mk 6:6; Mk 9:24; Mk 16:14; Ro 3:3; Ro 4:20; Ro 11:20; Ro 11:23; 1 Ti 1:13; Heb 3:12+; Heb 3:19+ = "So we see that they were not able to enter because of unbelief (apistia)." Now read Hebrews 3:18+ and notice what parallels with unbelief. Did you see it? Unbelief equates with disobedient (apeitheo). True belief is obedient! See Obedience of faith "Unbelief is what locked the doors of the Promised Land to the children of Israel. For all the grumbling, bad attitudes, and discontentment that characterized their demeanor after leaving Egypt, it was their unbelief that kept them at a distance from God's promised reward. Jesus, too, allowed the people's unbelief to tie His hands on His ministry visit to His hometown. The Bible clearly says, "He did not do many miracles there because of their unbelief" (Matt. 13:58). The sovereign God has limited Himself to work according to the faith and belief of the people of God." (Adrian Rogers) THOUGHT - Unbelief and faith are opposites. “If faith is the capacity to receive what God wants to give, unbelief is the willful refusal to receive what God wants to give.” They erected a barrier of unbelief…Have you? In all unbelief there are these two things: a good opinion of one's self and a bad opinion of God. [Horatius Bonar] A. W. Tozer said, “Every man will have to decide for himself whether or not he can afford the terrible luxury of unbelief.” Unbelief is stubborn. You can have the cleverest argument of all, but if unbelief wants to reject your message it will regardless of the logic of your argument. Unbelief paid no attention to John's righteousness. Unbelief loves its sin and does not accept that which would condemn their sin. In my early ministry, I thought the people of the church would be appreciate the holiness of my conduct. Also I thought the soundness of my message would be appreciated by those working in a large denominational office. I was wrong on both counts. Being righteous and having the right message gains the approval of God, but not necessarily the approval of man. (John Butler) Unbelief PEOPLE WHO DENY OR REFUSE TO BELIEVE what God has revealed about Himself and eternal life are in a state of unbelief. In describing unbelief the New Testament writers looked back to Old Testament events. Though no specific word for unbelief is used in the Old Testament, there are many illustrations of it. The people in Noah's day were in unbelief and rebellion (Gen. 6:5-7), and so God destroyed them by the Flood. Peter said these people in unbelief were “ungodly” (2 Pet. 2:5). Unbelief was attributed to the Israelites, whom God had delivered out of Egypt, when they hardened their hearts and rebelled against God (Heb. 3:19). They had failed to respond to what they had seen God do on their behalf (3:9; Ps. 95:9). Jude stated that God took the lives of those Israelites who did not believe (Jude 5). At the root of their problem was an unbelieving heart (Heb. 3:12). Unbelief is the condition of all those who are without Christ, those who have not believed in the salvation provided by Christ through His death on the cross (John 3:36). As unbelievers they are blinded to the light of the gospel (2 Cor. 4:4). This unbelief need not be permanent, as illustrated in the life of Paul. This was not something he overcame by his own efforts. Instead, through God's grace and mercy his heart was opened to receive the message about Christ (1 Tim. 1:13-16). Later Paul reminded believers that the unbelief of Israel is not permanent (Rom. 11:20-23). Unbelief was also the reason people rejected Christ's miracles during His earthly ministry (Matt. 13:58; Mark 6:6). The word unbelief was used by a father whose son was possessed by a demon. The man asked the Lord to help him overcome his unbelief (9:24). His request did not come because of a rebellious spirit, for he was humbled in the presence of the Lord. But he did sense his need for divine assistance to believe, possibly because of the power of Satan that had been so evident in his son's life for such a long time. Christians may face difficult challenges in life, but God promises victory because of our faith in Christ (1 John 5:4-5) (Wendell