Deuteronômio 12
J. Vernon McGee · Citado em PreceptAustin
Deuteronômio 12
Vernon McGee - Theme of Deuteronomy 12: Israel permitted only one place to worship Later in the history of Israel, God chose Jerusalem as the place where the temple was to be built. They were to go there to worship God. Why didn't God permit the worship in every other place? I think the reason is obvious. There was idolatry in the land, and they were commanded to destroy it. Because they did not destroy it, they were commanded to assemble in one place for worship. This unified their worship and brought them closer together as a nation. They were one when they went up to Jerusalem for the feasts....Believers do not meet in one place to worship God today; we meet around One Person and that Person is the Lord Jesus Christ. That is the important thing to keep in mind today. The name of your church doesn't make the difference. The denomination or lack of denomination of your church doesn't make the difference. The all-important question is this: do you meet around the person of Jesus Christ? Now, friends, if you don't, that is idolatry, because then you are meeting around something that is replacing Christ. If you are meeting to socialize or be entertained, that is idolatry. The thing that is to draw us together into a oneness is the person of Jesus Christ. How important that is! (Deuteronomy 12 Mp3's) Guzik entitles this chapter "The Worship God Demands." Believer's Study Bible - The succeeding chapters (12-26) set forth specific obligations for Israel, some of which are of the regular Sinaitic legislation and some of which deal with factors not included there. They may be usefully described in three categories: religious, political (i.e., civil), and moral, i.e., those designed to effect the well-being of the people. These are the statutes and the judgments which you shall carefully observe (shamar) in the land which the LORD, the God of your fathers, has given you to possess (yarash) as long as you live on the earth - The NET, NLT, NIV versions are better having "you must be careful to obey." Obedience was not an option! God of your fathers refers to the patriarchs and the Moses mentions one of the promises to the patriarchs to possess the land. As long as you live on the earth means in essence as long as you are alive this is to be in force. Coakley on These are the statutes and the judgments - This is a superscription that begins this major block of material and is similar to the others used to structure the book (Dt 1:1; 4:44; 6:1; 12:1; 29:1; 33:1). The terms used to identify the type of law code found here are statutes and the judgments. These two Hebrew words are often paired together (4:1; 5:31; 6:1) and essentially mean much the same (like “rules and regulations”). The usage here has the effect of narrowing from general stipulations (Dt 5–11) to more specific commands. (Moody Bible Commentary) NET Note on you shall carefully observe in the land - Heb “you must be careful to obey in the land the LORD, the God of your fathers, has given you to possess all the days which you live in the land.” This adverbial statement modifies “to obey,” not “to possess,” so the order in the translation has been rearranged to make this clear.
Deuteronômio 12
McGee - Eventually, the designated place was Jerusalem. But even before that, Israel was to worship in one place only. There was to be one place for their burnt offerings, sacrifices, tithes, and vows. The tithes of food which they brought before the Lord had to be eaten in this one place. (Deuteronomy 12 Mp3's)
Deuteronômio 12
McGee - In Leviticus 17:1-16+, while Israel was in the wilderness camp, they were told that every time an ox, or lamb, or goat was killed, it had to be brought to the door of the tabernacle and the priest would sprinkle the blood upon the altar and would offer the fat as a sweet savor to God. This was to prevent them from making any offering to devils. After they settle in the land, it is obvious that many people will live too far away from Jerusalem to bring every animal there before they kill it for food. So the Lord tells them again that an animal may be killed for food, but they shall not eat the blood of the animal. The blood represents the life, which is the reason that Scripture puts such an emphasis on the blood of Jesus Christ. (Deuteronomy 12 Mp3's) Deuteronomy 12:17 "You are not allowed to eat within your gates the tithe of your grain or new wine or oil, or the firstborn of your herd or flock, or any of your votive offerings which you vow, or your freewill offerings, or the contribution of your hand. the tithe: De 12:6,11 14:22-29 26:12,14 Lev 27:30-32 Nu 18:21-24 Deuteronomy 12 Resources You are not allowed to eat within your gates the tithe of your grain or new wine or oil, or the firstborn of your herd or flock, or any of your votive offerings which you vow, or your freewill offerings, or the contribution (terumah) of your hand. Coakley - They were also prohibited from eating anything at home (within your gates) that was to be offered as a sacrifice, because the only designated place to eat those offerings before the LORD was in the central sanctuary. Ryrie on tithe - The tithe had to be taken to the central sanctuary. This referred to what was known as the second tithe. Two tithes were required: an annual tithe for the maintenance of the Levites (Lev. 27:30; Nu. 18:21) and a second tithe brought to Jerusalem for the Lord's feast (Dt. 14:22). Every third year, however, the second tithe was kept at home and used for the poor (Dt. 14:28). One's use of money is often a barometer of his spirituality (cf. 1 Jn 3:17). Deuteronomy 12:18 "But you shall eat them before the LORD your God in the place which the LORD your God will choose, you and your son and daughter, and your male and female servants, and the Levite who is within your gates; and you shall rejoice before the LORD your God in all your undertakings. shall eat: De 12:11,12,19 14:23 15:20 rejoice: De 12:7 Ps 32:11 68:3 Pr 3:17 Isa 12:3 Ac 2:46 16:34 1Co 10:31 Ga 5:22 Php 3:1-3 Deuteronomy 12 Resources But you shall eat them before the LORD your God in the place which the LORD your God will choose (see bahar/bachar), you and your son and daughter, and your male and female servants, and the Levite who is within your gates; and you shall rejoice before the LORD your God in all your undertakings. - This refers to the warning about only using the central shrine for worship. NET Note - undertakings - Heb “in all the sending forth of your hands.” Deuteronomy 12:19 "Be careful that you do not forsake the Levite as long as you live in your land. Take: De 14:27-29 2Ch 11:13,14 31:4-21 Ne 10:34-39 1Co 9:10-14 Deuteronomy 12 Resources Be careful that you do not forsake the Levite as long as you live in your land - In this discussion about food Moses does not want Israel to forget the Levites who had no possession. Coakley - Placing instructions about Levites between two almost identical sections on the eating of meat was perhaps intentional to highlight the need to focus on their well-being and not just on their performance as religious figures in the tabernacle. Whatever the case, the Lord clearly allowed for the consumption of meat and did not restrict its use for personal dietary preference. This was particularly the case for those who lived a great distance from the central sanctuary and does not contradict the injunction to bring sacrifices only to the tabernacle/temple. Deuteronomy 12:20 "When the LORD your God extends your border as He has promised you, and you say, 'I will eat meat,' because you desire to eat meat, then you may eat meat, whatever you desire. shall: 1Ch 4:10 as he hath: De 11:24 19:8 Ge 15:18-21 28:14 Ex 23:31 34:24 I will: De 12:15 Ge 31:30 Nu 11:4,20,34 2Sa 13:39 23:15 Ps 63:1 84:2 107:9 Ps 119:20,40,174 2Co 9:14 Php 1:8 2:26 Deuteronomy 12 Resources EAT MEAT AS YOU DESIRE When the LORD your God extends your border as He has promised you, and you say, 'I will eat meat,' because you desire to eat meat, then you may eat meat, whatever you desire - Extends your border points out that some Israelites would be far from the appointed place of worship and Moses explains this further in the following passage. Meat could be eaten in the promised land but it had to be the right kind (Dt 12:17, 22), had to be killed at the right place (Dt 12:15, 18, 21, 27) and had to be killed in the right way (Dt 12:16, 23-25). Note that Dt 12:20–28 repeats Dt 12:15–18 Moses repeated most of the instructions regarding the killing and eating of animals. Coakley explains that "For the original audience who most likely heard it orally, this repetition would aid in their comprehending these instructions." Deuteronomy 12:21 "If the place which the LORD your God chooses to put His name is too far from you, then you may slaughter of your herd and flock which the LORD has given you, as I have commanded you; and you may eat within your gates whatever you desire. to put: De 12:5,11 14:23,24 16:6,11 26:2 Ex 20:24 1Ki 14:21 2Ch 12:13 Ezr 6:12 Deuteronomy 12 Resources GOD CHOOSES THE SITE TO BE WORSHIPPED If the place which the LORD your God chooses (see bahar/bachar) to put His name is too far from you - NLT = "It might happen that the designated place of worship-- the place the LORD your God chooses for his name to be honored-- is a long way from your home." (Dt 12:21NLT) Because the LORD had extended Israel's borders as noted above. It is interesting that Dt 12:21 describes "the place which the LORD your God chooses to put His Name" which parallels 1Ki 5:5+ which says "Behold, (KING SOLOMON SPEAKING) I intend to build a house for the Name of the LORD my God, as the LORD spoke to David my father, saying, 'Your son, whom I will set on your throne in your place, he will build the house for My Name.'" Note that the place of God's choosing to be worshipped is reiterated 6 times in this chapter! Dt 12:5,11, 14,18,21,26 Then you may slaughter of your herd and flock which the LORD has given you, as I have commanded you; and you may eat within your gates whatever you desire - Within your gates is "in your villages" (Dt 12:21NET) Deuteronomy 12:22 "Just as a gazelle or a deer is eaten, so you will eat it; the unclean and the clean alike may eat of it. De 12:15,16 Deuteronomy 12 Resources Just as a gazelle or a deer is eaten, so you will eat it; the unclean and the clean alike may eat of it. Deuteronomy 12:23 "Only be sure not to eat the blood, for the blood is the life, and you shall not eat the life with the flesh. the blood is: Ge 9:4 Lev 3:16,17 17:11,14 Mt 20:28 Rev 5:9 Deuteronomy 12 Resources DO NOT EAT THE BLOOD Only be sure not to eat the blood, for the blood is the life, and you shall not eat the life with the flesh - Be sure is the verb chazaq which usually means to be strong. so in this context means to strongly resist eating blood. Henry