Salmos 19
James Montgomery Boice · Citado em PreceptAustin
Salmos 19:7-14
Boice comments that… It would be hard to discover in all the Bible a more perfect example of Hebrew poetic parallelism than Ps 19:7-9. There are six parallel statements in these verses, and each contains three elements that are likewise parallel. There are six terms for the written revelation, six adjectives to describe it, and six statements of what the Bible does. (Boice Expositional Commentary - Psalms, Volume 1: Psalms 1-41) Ps 19:7-10 is in fact an example of what is referred to as synthetic parallelism, where each succeeding clause contains some accessory idea enforcing the main idea. In other words synthetic parallelism is when the second line or clause explains and expands the first. THE MULTI-FACETED ALL SUFFICIENT WORD OF THE LORD The Name of the Word The Character of the Word The Effect of the Word The Target of the Word Law Teachings Perfect Whole Complete Sufficient Lacking nothing Good Restoring Transforming Renewing Reviving Converting Refreshing Preserving Life giving Giving new strength Soul Life Testimony Witness Decree Sure Trustworthy Reliable Steadfast Dependable Certain Wisdom Proper understanding of life, of God, of self, of others Simple Ordinary People Plain People Inexperienced Precepts Orders Statutes Rules set down Right Correct Upright In accord w what is just & good Appropriate & fitting Fair Joy Sense of serenity Making glad Giving Well Being Bringing Tranquility Heart "Control Center" Commandment Pure Clear Bright Radiant Untainted with evil or error Enlightenment Giving Insight for life Lighting up one's way Making the eyes light up Eye "Window to/of the soul" Fear Reverential Awe Obedient Respect Worshipful submission Clean Uncontaminated Free from impurity Undefiled Enduring Permanent, Unchanging, Relevant, Up to date, Never outdated Never in need of alteration (Mind) Ps 19:9,11 Judgments Decisions Ordinances True/Righteous Correspond to & accurately reflect reality "Tell it like it really is" Reflect what is right /Completely fair /Absolutely just Warning/Reward Moral guidance/Spiritual riches Make conscious of danger (Will) Jamieson comments that the multi-faceted, all sufficient Word… revives those depressed by doubts, makes wise the unskilled (2Ti 3:15-note), rejoices the lover of truth, strengthens the desponding (Ps 34:6), provides permanent principles of conduct, and by God's grace brings a rich reward. (Jamieson, Fausset, Brown Commentary) Related Resources: Inductive Study on the Power of God's Word The Precepts and Understanding by A W Pink Profiting From The Word by A W Pink Law of God, the - Torrey's Topical Textbook THE LAW OF THE LORD - The law (instruction, doctrine, direction) consists of the instructions from God to His people on how to live life to the full, to the max, yes, even abundantly (cp Jn 10:10). Stated another way, the "law of the LORD" in context is a comprehensive term describing God's revealed will. Note that "law" does not have the definite article and therefore does not appear to refer specifically to the "Ten Commandments". The revelation of God's law is clearer than the revelation in nature. Nature "declares," "proclaims," "pours forth," and "displays" the revelation of God's majesty, wisdom, and power. However, the revelation of the law is greater. It is greater because it is given by the covenant God, whose name is Jehovah (note) ("LORD," Ps 19:7, 8, 9), whereas nature reveals the glory of the Creator-God (El, Ps 19:1). It is also greater because of the comprehensive nature of the revelation (cp 2Pe 1:3-note and notice the promise is contingent upon "true knowledge", the only complete source being God's Word.) Warren Wiersbe… The sun is to creation what the Law is to God's people, bringing light, warmth, life and growth… The heavens declare God’s glory, but the Scriptures tell us what God did so that we may share in that glory. Law (08451)(torah), as alluded to above, is not just the scrolls of the Law which are often referred to as "The Torah" but refers to all of God's revelation which represents His instructions to His people regarding how they are to live in the midst of a godless, sin-saturated society. The law gives instruction, doctrine and direction. Torah derives from a word that means to shoot an arrow, "for a teacher aims to hit the target and achieve specific goals in the lives of the students." (Wiersbe) Adam
Salmos 19:7-14
Boice comments that… The connection between the law's perfection and its ability to revive the soul is not easy to see at first glance, but it is found in the fact that being perfect means being so complete as to cover every aspect of life. It means that the Bible is not deficient in any way. It is an all-sufficient revelation. Therefore, no matter what our sins may have been or our problems are, the Bible is able to turn us from our sins, lead us through our problems, and both feed and enrich us so that we are able to enjoy the full benefits of spiritual life. Jesus testified to this when he told the devil, quoting from Dt 8:3, "Man does not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes from the mouth of God" (Mt. 4:4). (Boice Expositional Commentary - Psalms, Volume 1: Psalms 1-41) Thomas Watson… The Scripture contains in it the Credenda—the things which we are to believe; and the Agenda—the things which we are to practice. The fact that the word is sound, "health filled" and wholesome helps understand the OT passages referring to the "ingestion" of the Word (Jer 15:16, Job 23:12-note). Scripture is the best "soul food." To sustain and maximize spiritual growth, there is no more perfectly balanced diet one can "ingest" than God's perfect precepts. If a Christian is careless in Bible reading, he will care less about Christian living. The revealed Word of God has the same dominant influence over humankind as the sun does over nature. Whereas the sun restores natural life, the Law restores the life of the human soul. The sun dispels physical darkness, but the Word of God removes the darkness of ignorance from our understanding. It is flawless and reliable. Perfect (tamiym) (Pr 30:5 Dt 32:47 Ps119:142 Ro 7:12,14, 1Ti1:8) The "perfect law" represents the divine standard for man's attainment. Although the benefits of natural revelation ("the book of nature") are with us on a daily basis, the comprehensive benefits of God's revelation ("the book of revelation") in the law are much greater. So tamiym describes that which is complete, entirely in accord with truth and fact. There is no error in the Bible, either in historical fact or in spiritual truth. Of course, the Bible records the lies of men and of Satan, but the total message of the Bible is that of truth. See Ps 119:128, 160.
Salmos 19:7-14
Boice explains enlightening as that which… illumines a right life path enables us to walk in it without stumbling. This is the idea here, though the passage probably also carries the idea of purging darkness out of us and thus enabling us to see clearly and without distortion. Psalm 119:105 embraces these ideas when it says, "Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light for my path." (Ibid) Adam Clarke… Showing men what they should do. and what they should avoid. It is by God's commandments that we see the exceeding sinfulness of sin, and the necessity of redemption, so that we may love the Lord with all our heart, and our neighbor as ourselves. For this is the end of the commandment, and thus to enlighten the eyes is ITS use. Wiersbe… We teach God's Word because it enlightens (Ps 19:8). We trust it because it is true and righteous (Ps 19:9, Ps 9:10). We treasure it because it is more desired than gold (Ps 19:10). We may even "taste" the Word (1Pe 2:3-note)… The Bible is the book of our heart. Every time we read a book, watch TV or listen to a speaker, something is being written on our hearts. Let God write His Word on your heart. The heart sees what it loves. When we love the Lord with our hearts, we see Him in creation and in the Scriptures. (Warren Wiersbe. Prayer, Praise and Promises). Psalm 19:9 THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS CLEAN, ENDURING FOREVER; THE JUDGMENTS OF THE LORD ARE TRUE; THEY ARE RIGHTEOUS ALTOGETHER. Fear: Ps 34:11, 12, 13, 14 36:1 115:13 Ge 22:12 42:18 1Sa 12:24 1Ki 18:3,4,12 Ne 5:15 Pr 8:13 Acts 10:22 Ro 3:10-18 Enduring: Ps 111:10 112:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) Judgments: Ps 10:5 36:6 72:1,2 119:7,39,62,75,106,137,138,142,1 Ps 147:19 Ex 21:1 Dt 4:8 Isa 26:8 Ro 2:2 11:22 Rev 15:3 16:7 19:2) Greek Septuagint (LXX): NOTE: The NT passages are NOT cross references but passages what use the preceding Greek word ho phobos kuriou hagnos (characterized by freedom from defilements or impurities; of things without moral defect, pure cp Php 4.8) diamenon (present tense: remains constant Gal 2:5; continues unchanged; is permanent > "Fear of the Lord" will last forever > Rev 19:5-note) eis aiona aionos ta krimata kuriou alethina dedikaiomena (dikaioo: perfect tense: set right; proved, tested; judged) epi to auto (Quoted in Rev 19:2-note) Brenton's Translation of the Septuagint: The fear of the Lord is pure, enduring for ever and ever: the judgments of the Lord are true, and justified altogether. THE FEAR OF THE LORD: In context (the other 5 nouns clearly refer to various aspects of God's Word) this phrase is best interpreted as a synonym for the Word of God (the law). Keil and Delitzsch state that this phrase refers to “the revealed way in which God is to be feared”. Fear of the Lord is intimately related to the Word of the Lord because study and meditation on God's Word births a holy respect and awe for His holy character and righteous standards. As David writes… Come, you children, listen to me; I will teach you the fear of the LORD. (Ps 34:11)
Salmos 19:7-14
Boice comments that… virtue is its own reward. Though the ungodly do not think so, the upright are actually blessed in their uprightness. Goodness is itself joyous. To be holy is to be content. (Ibid) Spurgeon… In keeping of them there is great reward. There is a wage, and a great one; though we earn no wages of debt, we win great wages of grace. Saints may be losers for a time, but they shall be glorious gainers in the long run, and even now a quiet conscience is in itself no slender reward for obedience. He who wears the herb called heart's ease in his bosom is truly blessed. However, the main reward is yet to come, and the word here used hints as much, for it signifies the heel, as if the reward would come to us at the end of life when the work was done; -- not while the labour was in hand, but when it was gone and we could see the heel of it. Oh the glory yet to be revealed! It is enough to make a man faint for joy at the prospect of it. Our light affliction, which is but for a moment, is not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us. Then shall we know the value of the Scriptures when we swim in that sea of unutterable delight to which their streams will bear us, if we commit ourselves to them. (Ps 19:11 Treasury of David) The warnings of Scripture help to protect us against temptation, sin, error, foolishness, false teachers, and every other threat to our spiritual well-being. And to heed those warnings brings great reward. It is not a material prize. The Hebrew word for reward speaks of a spiritual blessing, not temporal riches. It is the settled joy and rest that come to those who live by God’s Word. Are you experiencing this reward today? You can! And you can be assured that there is additional reward in eternity future! Don't neglect His benefits (you will be paid back for your Spirit empowered obedience) see Ps 103:2 and it is not just a reward which would be far more than we deserve but David says this reward is even GREAT! This is difficult to comprehend but we can ask God to enlighten the eyes of our heart to know what are the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints (Ep 1:18-note). Rewards in the future will be given according to what each has done (cp Jn 15:5, 1Co 4:5). The Lxx use antapodosis emphasizes this truth for this Greek word describes the action of giving back in return, of recompensing or repaying. Thomas Sherman (1680) writes that… Those who walk in the ways of holiness receive a reward, not only when they come to the end—but all along the way: "In keeping of (God's commandments) there is great reward," (Psalm 19:11.) Take the way of God, as it consists in the way of ordinances, or in the way of the exercise of grace, or in the way of obedience; and you will find a reward in the work as well as for it. Thomas Watson after noting "that holiness brings in present gain and what gain is better than present gain?" writes that Not only for keeping but also in keeping of His commands there is great reward. Holiness is its own reward. While a Christian is in the very exercise of holiness, oh what blessed sights, what sweet tastes, what glorious incomings from heaven, has he! Oh the secret visits, the secret whispers, the secret joggings, the secret love-tokens which Christians meet with, in the very practice of holiness! (The Crown and Glory of Christianity) Well might David say, "In keeping your precepts there is great reward," not only after keeping your precepts—but in keeping them. Psalm 19:11. A Christian has both the spring-flowers and the crop; inward delight in serving God is the spring-flowers, in the kingdom of glory at last is the full crop. (Lords Prayer) A W