João 16
John Calvin · Citado em PreceptAustin
João 16
Calvin - Thus we ought to understand that the apostles were conscious of having made some progress, so that they could say with truth, that they did not now find the words of Christ to be altogether obscure; but that they were deceived in this respect, that they thought they understood more than they did. Now the source of their mistake was, that they did not know what the gift of the Holy Spirit would be. (John 16 Commentary) (Bold added) Leon
João 16
Calvin writes that “The disciples certainly did not yet understand fully what Christ had been saying; but although they were not yet capable of this, the mere scent of it refreshed them.” (SEE John 11-21 - Page 131) Bob Utley This sentence must be understood in light of Jesus’ knowing the disciples’ question of v. 19. This statement by them reflects their growing, but still incomplete faith. They had seen and heard so much; did this event (cf. v. 19) really function as a major turning point in their understanding? (UTLEY'S QUESTION SEEMS TO IMPLY A "NO" AND IF SO I WOULD AGREE. THE MAJOR TURNING POINT WOULD COME ON THE DAY OF PENTECOST WHEN THE SPIRIT WOULD TEACH THEM ALL THINGS!) Know (1492) (eido, oida - eido is used only in the perfect tense = oida) means in general to know by perception. Eido/oida is distinguished from ginosko (epiginosko, epignosis - the other major NT word group for knowing) because ginosko generally refers to knowledge obtained by experience or "experiential knowledge". On the other hand, eido/oida often refers more to an intuitive knowledge, although this distinction is not always clear cut. Eido/oida is not so much that which is known by experience as an intuitive insight that is drilled into one's heart. Eido/oida is a perception, a being aware of, an understanding, an intuitive knowledge which in the case of believers can only be given by the Holy Spirit. Literally eido/oida refers to perception by sight (perceive, see) as in Mt 2:2+ "Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we saw (eido) His star in the east, and have come to worship Him." In sum, for believers eido/oida suggests Spirit given fullness of knowledge, absolute knowledge (that which is without a doubt), rather than a progress in knowledge (cp ginosko) a distinction illustrated in the following passages. John 16:31 Jesus answered them, “Do you now believe? BGT John 16:31 ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς Ἰησοῦς· ἄρτι πιστεύετε; NET John 16:31 Jesus replied, "Do you now believe? CSB John 16:31 Jesus responded to them, "Do you now believe? ESV John 16:31 Jesus answered them, "Do you now believe? NIV John 16:31 "You believe at last!" Jesus answered. NLT John 16:31 Jesus asked, "Do you finally believe? NRS John 16:31 Jesus answered them, "Do you now believe? NJB John 16:31 Jesus answered them: Do you believe at last? NAB John 16:31 Jesus answered them, "Do you believe now? MIT John 16:31 Jesus replied to them, "Do you now believe? Do: John 13:38 Lu 9:44,45 JESUS QUESTIONS THE MATURATION OF THEIR FAITH Jesus answered them, “Do you now believe (pisteuo)? - What is the point? Jesus is not questioning whether they truly believed in Him, but He does know the hearts of all men. So while the disciples did believe, clearly their faith was far from mature. We will soon see a manifestation of their weak faith in the Garden of Gethsemane when Jesus is arrested and they flee as He predicts in the following verse. Kenneth Gangel - The marginal note at the beginning of this verse suggests even more strongly Jesus’ response. It makes the exclamation a question: “Do you now believe?” Obviously they did not, and they were hampered by a deceptive self-assurance. Not everyone takes this verse in a negative tone. Tenney says, “The reply of Jesus was pathetic … He was still unsure of their faith as he was when, after Peter’s confession he said: ‘Did I not choose you the twelve, and one of you is a devil?’ (6:70)” (BORROW Tenney John: The Gospel of Belief: An Analytic Study of the Text.) But Godet accepts Jesus’ words as commendation and even triumph: “Here is for Jesus a moment of unutterable sweetness; He has been recognized and understood—He Jesus—by these eleven Galileans. This is for Him enough; His work is for the moment ended; the Holy Spirit will finish by glorifying Him in them, and through them in mankind. There remains nothing further for Him but to close the conversation and give thanks” (Godet). (SEE Holman New Testament Commentary - John - Page 304) William Henriksen comments that the "Lord, though accepting their confession at face-value, wishes to put them on guard against over-confidence. It is as if he were saying, “I believe that your confession is genuine and that your faith is real; but is it full-grown? Has it reached maturity? Will your anchor hold in the storms of life? Are you sure that you can stand your ground when the foe suddenly makes his appearance?” That, more or less, is the sense in which these words have generally been interpreted. (BORROW Exposition of the Gospel according to John PAGE 340)