1 Crônicas 29
John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Crônicas 29
MacArthur - The “heart” commonly refers to the mind as the center of thinking and reason (Pr 3:3; 6:21; 7:3), but also includes the emotions (Pr 15:15, 30), the will (Pr 11:20; 14:14), and thus, the whole inner being (Pr 3:5). The heart is the depository of all wisdom and the source of whatever affects speech (Pr 4:24), sight (Pr 4:25), and conduct (Pr 4:26, 27). (Borrow The MacArthur Study Bible) HEART - page 1262 in the Dictionary of Biblical Imagery online - In antiquity very little was known about the heart, whose rhythmic beating coincided with all the functions of life and whose cessation meant death. The references in the Bible to the heart as a physical organ are few and by no means specific (e.g., 2 Kings 9:24), but the word heart is often used of such things as personality and the intellect, memory, emotions, desires and will. Personality. The heart is used metaphorically to describe the intangibles that constitute what it means to be human. In this sense it is the antonym of the “flesh” or body. We see this in the psalmist’s confession, “My flesh and my heart may fail, but God is the strength of my heart and my portion forever” (Ps 73:26NIV). To use a modern idiom, the heart is often used in the Bible to describe “what makes us tick,” that is, human personality. In other words, the heart is used to describe those dynamic forces that make us unique individuals. As such, the heart can be imbued with moral qualities. For instance, the poet in Psalm 131:1 claims that his “heart is not proud” (cf. 2Ch 32:26). Hearts can also be “evil” (1 Sam 17:28) or “deluded” (Is 44:20; cf. Jer 17:9). In this regard we also find complex metaphors concerning the heart among the writers of the Bible. A heart not yet bound to God may be referred to as an “uncircumcised heart” (Deut 10:16; Jer 9:26; Rom 2:29; see CIRCUMCISION). On the other hand, hearts can be transformed from self-serving to God-fearing. Ezekiel describes the process as transforming hearts of stone into hearts of flesh (Ezek 11:19). In another place, the prophet refers to this transformation as the reception of a “new heart” (Ezek 18:31). It is because the heart stands for human personality that God looks there rather than at our actions to see whether we are faithful or not. We are called upon to seek God with all our heart (Deut 4:29; 6:5), so that is where he looks to see if we are his people (1 Sam 16:7). Our personality is a function of many different aspects of our being, including our thinking, remembering, feeling, desiring and willing. It is therefore not surprising that the Hebrew word for heart, lēb, is used as an image of these as well. Intellect and Memory. We associate thought and memory with the brain today, but in the idiom of the Bible, thinking is a function of the heart. The psalmist thought about his present difficult situation in the light of his past. As he “remembered [his] songs in the night,” he says, “My heart mused and my spirit inquired” (Ps 77:6 NIV). As a prelude to the flood, the book of Genesis tells us that God noted “how great man’s wickedness on the earth had become, and that every inclination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil all the time” (Gen 6:5 NIV). When the Bible reports internal dialogue, whether silent prayer to God or simply thought, it uses the idiom “in the heart.” For instance, Hannah prayed to God “in her heart” (1 Sam 1:13); and throughout the book of Ecclesiastes, the Teacher’s mental processes are reported as something he said “in his heart” (e.g. Eccles 2:1, 15). As Mary witnessed all the wonderful things that happened at the time of the birth of her child, Jesus, she is said to have “pondered them in her heart” (Lk 2:19). Emotions. According to biblical usage, the heart is the source from which the emotions flow. Aaron’s heart flows with joy when he sees Moses (Ex 4:14). Leviticus 19:17 warns God’s people not to hate their brother in their heart. Fear is expressed as a loss of heart (Deut 1:28), indicating that courage is also a heartfelt emotion (Ps 27:3). These and many other emotions-for instance, despair (Deut 28:65), sadness (Neh 2:2), trust (Ps 28:7) and anger (Ps 39:3)—are said to come from one’s heart. The heart is the seat of desire as well. Ill-fated Shechem, son of Hamor the Canaanite, has his “heart set on Dinah” the daughter of Jacob (Gen 34:3, 8). Abner asks David if he can set things in motion for the king so David can “rule over all that your heart desires” (2 Sam 3:9). The psalmist tells his hearers to turn to God so he can give them the “desires” of their heart (Ps 37:4). Will. The heart not only thinks and feels, remembers and desires, but it also chooses a course of action. Jesus himself taught that “out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, slander” (Mt 15:19 NIV). The obstinacy of the human heart is also an act of will (Deut 2:20), and here we may mention the many references in the book of Exodus to the “hard heart” of Pharaoh (e.g., Ex 4:14, 21; 7:3; 8:15). This is a heart that refuses to choose in accordance with God’s will, which leads ultimately to the Egyptian king’s destruction. On the positive side, the Bible talks of a heart that prompts a person to give a gift to the Lord (Ex 25:2). It speaks of the “integrity” of a person’s heart (1 Kings 9:4) and of a “discerning” heart (1 Kings 3:9). God’s Heart. Perhaps the most striking use of heart in the Bible is in reference to God (Gen 6:6; 8:21). The usage is similar to that applied to humankind and should be a reminder that we are created in the image of God (Gen 1:26–27). God, after all, is a personal being who thinks, feels, desires and chooses. One of the most intriguing passages in this connection is found in Hosea 11. The prophet quotes God as saying that, while he will indeed punish Israel for their rebellion, he will not completely destroy them. The decision to refrain from their utter destruction was not easy; it was the result of God’s inner turmoil: My heart is changed within me; all my compassion is aroused. I will not carry out my fierce anger, nor devastate Ephraim again. (Hos 11:8–9NIV) In the verse that follows, God justifies his change of mind on the basis of his divinity. Humankind, when angered, is naturally inclined toward a course of destruction of those who offend. But God is divine, not human, so his grace wins out. See also BODY; HARD, HARDEN, HARDNESS; MIND; STONE. BIBLIOGRAPHY. Borrow H. W. Wolff, Anthropology of the Old Testament (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1974). 1 Chronicles 29:10 So David blessed the LORD in the sight of all the assembly; and David said, "Blessed are You, O LORD God of Israel our father, forever and ever. BGT 1 Chronicles 29:10 καὶ εὐλόγησεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυιδ τὸν κύριον ἐνώπιον τῆς ἐκκλησίας λέγων εὐλογητὸς εἶ κύριε ὁ θεὸς Ισραηλ ὁ πατὴρ ἡμῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος LXE 1 Chronicles 29:10 And king David blessed the Lord before the congregation, saying, Blessed art thou, O Lord God of Israel, our Father, from everlasting and to everlasting. KJV 1 Chronicles 29:10 Wherefore David blessed the LORD before all the congregation: and David said, Blessed be thou, LORD God of Israel our father, for ever and ever. NET 1 Chronicles 29:10 David praised the LORD before the entire assembly: "O LORD God of our father Israel, you deserve praise forevermore! CSB 1 Chronicles 29:10 Then David praised the LORD in the sight of all the assembly. David said, May You be praised, LORD God of our father Israel, from eternity to eternity. ESV 1 Chronicles 29:10 Therefore David blessed the LORD in the presence of all the assembly. And David said: "Blessed are you, O LORD, the God of Israel our father, forever and ever. NIV 1 Chronicles 29:10 David praised the LORD in the presence of the whole assembly, saying, "Praise be to you, O LORD, God of our father Israel, from everlasting to everlasting. NLT 1 Chronicles 29:10 Then David praised the LORD in the presence of the whole assembly: "O LORD, the God of our ancestor Israel, may you be praised forever and ever! NAB 1 Chronicles 29:10 Then David blessed the LORD in the presence of the whole assembly, praying in these words: "Blessed may you be, O LORD, God of Israel our father, from eternity to eternity. YLT 1 Chronicles 29:10 And David blesseth Jehovah before the eyes of all the assembly, and David saith, 'Blessed art Thou, Jehovah, God of Israel our father, from age even unto age. David blessed: 1Ch 29:20 2Ch 20:26-28 Ps 103:1,2 138:1 146:2 Blessed: 1Ki 8:15 2Ch 6:4 Ps 72:18,19 89:52 Eze 3:12 Eph 1:3 1Ti 1:17 1Pe 1:3 Rev 5:12 Lord God: Ge 32:28 33:20 our father: Isa 58:14 Related Passages: Exodus 3:6 He said also, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.” Then Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God. Acts 7:32 ‘I AM THE GOD OF YOUR FATHERS, THE GOD OF ABRAHAM AND ISAAC AND JACOB.’ Moses shook with fear and would not venture to look. GENEROUS GIVING STIMULATES GENEROUS PRAISE So - For this reason. What reason? What had David just witnessed in the hearts of his people? Swindoll - Finally, and naturally, David falls on his knees and utters a beautiful prayer, an extemporaneous expression of his worship of the Lord God. The first verses are expressions of praise. Praise leaves humanity out of the picture and focuses fully on the exaltation of the living God. The magnifying glass looks up. Read his prayer with feeling. Take your time. (Borrow David : a man of passion & destiny) He that looked round with comfort would certainly look up with praise. -- Matthew Henry David blessed (barak; Lxx - eulogeo) the LORD in the sight of all the assembly - David the sweet psalmist of Israel leads the nation in a glorious service of worship to Yahweh Who has bestowed such bounty on His people and then given them hearts to give the bounty back to the Giver! He is not blessing the LORD because of the size of their gifts but the "size" of their hearts. The good book, the hymn book and your checkbook are all good books to assess the state of your heart!
1 Crônicas 29
MacArthur comments "Opportunities for giving to God are tests of the character of a believer's devotion to the Lord. The king acknowledges that the attitude of one's heart is significantly more important than the amount of offering in one's hand." I, in the integrity of my heart (lebab; Lxx - kardia) (NET = "pure motives"), have willingly offered (nabab; Lxx - prothumeomai - ready & willing, eager, zealous to do a thing) all these things; so now with joy I have seen Your people, who are present here, make their offerings willingly (nabab; Lxx - prothumeomai - ready & willing, eager, zealous to do a thing) to You Try (test, examine) (0974) bachan/bahan (See also discussion at Malachi 3:10) is a primary (or root) word which depicts examination to determine (and bring out) the essential qualities of something, and in the moral realm speaks particularly of a person's integrity (think of integer = indivisible - undivided ~ think undivided heart or single minded focus/purpose). In Scripture bachan is used almost exclusively in this moral/spiritual sense meaning to try, search out, examine or prove one's spiritual heart or character. To assay (English dictionary) - To try the goodness, purity, weight, value, etc. of metals or metallic substances. Any operation or experiment for ascertaining the quantity of a precious metal in an ore or mineral. Proverbs 17:3 says The refining pot is for silver and the furnace for gold, but the Lord tests (bachan) hearts. Job 23:10 declared “But He knows the way I take; When He has tried me, I shall come forth as gold." Bachan - 28x in 27v - assay(2), examine(2), proved(1), test(7), tested(3), tests(3), tried(5), tries(2), try(3). Gen. 42:15; Gen. 42:16; 1 Chr. 29:17; Job 7:18; Job 12:11; Job 23:10; Job 34:3; Job 34:36; Ps. 7:9; Ps. 11:4; Ps. 11:5; Ps. 17:3; Ps. 26:2; Ps. 66:10; Ps. 81:7; Ps. 95:9; Ps. 139:23; Prov. 17:3; Jer. 6:27; Jer. 9:7; Jer. 11:20; Jer. 12:3; Jer. 17:10; Jer. 20:12; Zech. 13:9; Mal. 3:10; Mal. 3:15 1 Chronicles 29:18 "O LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel, our fathers, preserve this forever in the intentions of the heart of Your people, and direct their heart to You; BGT 1 Chronicles 29:18 κύριε ὁ θεὸς Αβρααμ καὶ Ισαακ καὶ Ισραηλ τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν φύλαξον ταῦτα ἐν διανοίᾳ καρδίας λαοῦ σου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ κατεύθυνον τὰς καρδίας αὐτῶν πρὸς σέ LXE 1 Chronicles 29:18 O Lord God of Abraham, and Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, preserve these things in the thought of the heart of thy people for ever, and direct their hearts to thee. KJV 1 Chronicles 29:18 O LORD God of Abraham, Isaac, and of Israel, our fathers, keep this for ever in the imagination of the thoughts of the heart of thy people, and prepare their heart unto thee: NET 1 Chronicles 29:18 O LORD God of our ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, maintain the motives of your people and keep them devoted to you. CSB 1 Chronicles 29:18 LORD God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our ancestors, keep this desire forever in the thoughts of the hearts of Your people, and confirm their hearts toward You. ESV 1 Chronicles 29:18 O LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep forever such purposes and thoughts in the hearts of your people, and direct their hearts toward you. NIV 1 Chronicles 29:18 O LORD, God of our fathers Abraham, Isaac and Israel, keep this desire in the hearts of your people forever, and keep their hearts loyal to you. NLT 1 Chronicles 29:18 "O LORD, the God of our ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, make your people always want to obey you. See to it that their love for you never changes. NRS 1 Chronicles 29:18 O LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our ancestors, keep forever such purposes and thoughts in the hearts of your people, and direct their hearts toward you. NJB 1 Chronicles 29:18 Yahweh, God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel our ancestors, watch over this for ever, shape the purpose of your people's heart and direct their hearts to you, NAB 1 Chronicles 29:18 O LORD, God of our fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, keep such thoughts in the hearts and minds of your people forever, and direct their hearts toward you. YLT 1 Chronicles 29:18 'O Jehovah, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep this to the age for the imagination of the thoughts of the heart of Thy people, and prepare their heart unto Thee; O LORD, the God: Ex 3:6,15 4:5 Mt 22:32 Ac 3:13 preserve this forever : De 30:6 Ps 51:10 119:166 Jer 10:23 32:39 Php 1:6,9-11 1Th 3:11 Heb 13:21 in the intentions of the heart : 1Ch 28:9 Ge 6:5 Ps 119:113 direct their heart, Ps 10:17 2Th 2:16,17 DAVID PRAYS THAT THEIR DESIRE PERSEVERES O LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel, our fathers, preserve (shamar; Lxx - phulasso - post a sentry guard) his forever in the intentions of the heart (lebab; Lxx - kardia) of Your people, and direct their heart (lebab; Lxx - kardia) to You - David prays for God (by His Spirit) to enable or energize the hearts of the Israelites to remain directed to God. What might their hearts be directed to that is not God? The answer of course is hearts directed toward idols which are dead and are not gods. Sadly, the 12 tribes gravitated progressively toward idolatry, even gross forms of idolatry!