1 Timóteo 4
John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Timóteo 4
MacArthur says this time phrase refers to "The period from the first coming of Christ until His return (Ac 2:16, 17; Heb 1:1, 2; 9:26; 1Pe 1:20; 1Jn 2:18). Apostasy will exist throughout that period, reaching a climax shortly before Christ returns (cf. Mt 24:12)." (BORROW The MacArthur Study Bible) Explicitly (4490)(retos/rhetos) adverb; expressly, explicitly, in these exact words. In a manner precisely and clearly expressed. BDAG - pert. to what is stated or has been stated as being precisely so, expressly, explicitly. Only in 1 Ti 4:1 Liddell-Scott -ῥητός, ή, όν, (ἐρῶ) stated, specified, covenanted, μισθῷ ἔπι ῥ. Il.21.445; παρεῖναι ἐς χρόνον ῥ. Hdt.1.77, cf. Aeschin.3.124; ἐν ἡμέραις ῥ. Th.6.29; ἐπὶ ῥητοῖς γέρασι πατρικαὶ βασιλεῖαι Id.1.13; ῥ. ἀργύριον a stated sum, Id.2.7, 4.69; ἐπὶ ῥητοῖσι, Att. ἐπὶ ῥητοῖς, on stated terms, on certain conditions, according to covenant, Hdt.5.57, E.Hipp.459, Th.1.122, And.3.22, al.; παρέσεσθαι εἰς ῥ. ἡμέραν X.HG3.5.6; ῥ. ἀπόκρισις a distinct, definite answer, Plb.32.6.7: ἐκ τῶμ μὴ ῥητῆι (sc. ἡμέρᾳ), perh. from those which do not fall on a stated day of sacrifice, IG2.1357a.25 (403/2 B.C.), cf. Hsch. s.v. ῥητήν, ῥητόν, τό, compact, treaty, Inscr.Cret.4.197.17 (τῶι .. ῥη]τῶι ii B.C.), fixed date for a lawsuit, PSI4.463.14 (iii B.C.), etc.; ἀπὸ ῥε̄το͂ν perh. in the aforesaid manner, Hesperia33.385 (Eretria, v B.C.), Adv. ῥητῶς expressly, distinctly, Plb.3.23.5, SIG685.77 (ii B.C.), Phld.Rh.1.105 S., 1Ep.Ti.4.1, Gal.17(2).427: Sup. ῥητότατα S.E.M.7.16. 2. spoken of, famous, ῥητοί τʼ ἄρρητοί τε Hes.Op.4. 3. of language, in common use (= συνήθης), A.D.Pron.113.18; φράσις Id.Synt.39.15. Adv. -τῶς Phld.Rh.1.161 S. II. that may be spoken or told, εἰ ῥητόν, φράσον A.Pr.765; ἦ ῥητόν; ἢ οὐχὶ θεμιτὸν ἄλλον εἰδέναι; S.OT993; αὐδῶν ἀνόσιʼ οὐδὲ ῥητά μοι ib. 1289; ῥ ἄρρητόν τʼ ἔπος Id.OC1001; δεινὸν γάρ, οὐδὲ ῥ. Id.Ph.756; cf. ἄρρητος III. 3. 2. that can be spoken or enunciated, συλλαβή Pl.Tht.202b, cf. 205d. e; διάλεκτοι Phld.Rh.1.110 S.; οὐ ῥ. κατʼ ἰδίαν αἱ ἐγκλιτικαί A.D.Pron.36.30; communicable in words, Pl.Ep.341c. III. Math., rational, of magnitudes, opp. surds (ἄλογα), ῥητὰ πρὸς ἄλληλα Id.R.546c, Hp.Ma.303b, cf. Euc.10 Deff.3 and 4, Hero Deff.128; in Metric, ῥ. πούς, opp. ἄλογος, Aristid. Quint.1.14; v. ἄρρητος IV. IV. τὸ ῥ. the precise, literal contents of a document, the letter of the law, S.E.M.2.36, etc.; ῥητός literal, opp. allegorical, Ph.1.69, al. V. = ῥῆμα I. 3, even of a living thing, Hebr. dâvâr, LXXEx.9.4. Later (5306)(husteros from basically means what is behind or after in space or time. (1) as an adjective; (a) used as a comparative - the last named, the latter, the second one (Mt 21.32); (b) used as a superlative as the final in a series of times last; possibly later, future times (1Ti 4.1); (2) neuter as an adverb; (a) in a comparative sense in the second place, later, afterward ( Mt 4.2); (b) in a superlative sense finally, lastly (Mt 21.37); u[steron pa,ntwn last of all (Mt 22.27) Used 3x in NT - Matt. 4:2+; Lk. 20:32+; 1 Tim. 4:1 (Friberg - Analytical Lexicon) Times (season, opportunity, epoch, proper time) (2540) kairos means a point of time or period of time, time, period, frequently with the implication of being especially fit for something and without emphasis on precise chronology. It describes the period as especially appropriate and favorable (the right time). Stated another way kairos is distinguished from chronos (time) because kairos views TIME from the aspect of the strategic opportunity it provides, and not simply a change from the past into the present into the future, not mere duration. (Trench) Something that lasts for a season and so is transient, temporary or enduring only for a specific period of time. Kairos is a period which is especially appropriate - a favorable time (at the right time). Kairos in Pastoral Epistles - 1 Tim. 2:6; 1 Tim. 4:1; 1 Tim. 6:15; 2 Tim. 3:1 = that in the last days difficult times will come; 2 Tim. 4:3; 2 Tim. 4:6; Titus 1:3 Some will fall away (aphistemi) from (desert, depart) the faith (pistis - see note) - Note that this is a Holy Spirit inspired prophecy - and so it WILL come to pass! Who are the some? They are fakers, professors, not genuine possessors of truth faith in Christ. They mouth orthodoxy but do not carry out orthopraxy (so to speak, pun intended). They say they believe but their lives belie their belief and their falling away (instead of persevering to the end - Heb 3:6+, Heb 3:14+ - see also Perseverance of the Saints) is clear evidence of the unregenerate ("uncircumcised") state of their heart. Fall away (aphistemi) gives us our English "apostatize" meaning to abandon one's previous position or belief. The middle voice (initiate the action and participate in results thereof) indicates that this is not an unintentional falling away, but a deliberate (volitional, choice of their will) withdrawal from the faith once professed. In short, some will deliberately abandon what they had formerly professed to believe. As Paul explains they fall away when they fall for false teaching he describes below. If you want to read a story of falling away which will break your heart see The Tragic Tale of Charles Templeton. The faith (pistis - see note) is not the subjective aspect (believing) but the objective aspect (that which is believed, the essential teachings of the Christian faith, especially the Gospel) as in 1 Timothy 3:9+ where Paul writes "holding to the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience." (Cf "he has denied the faith" 1 Ti 5:8, "wandered away from the faith" 1 Ti 6:10+, cf Acts 6:7+, Acts 14:22+, Col 1:23+, Jude 1:3+). As a side note there are some who teach that a genuine believer can stop believing in Christ. I strongly disagree. The faith that saves us is the faith that keeps us and both are gifts of God and so our perseverance to the end (and our continuing to belief) is a gift of and power of God working in us through His indwelling Holy Spirit. (Read Romans 8:31-39+) Hiebert has an interesting note - An apostate is not one who gives up his profession of being a Christian, but one who forsakes the truth of the Christian life. (1 Timothy) John describes a similar pattern of professors... 1 John 2:19+ They went out from us, but they were not really of us; for if they had been of us, they would have remained with us (Perseverance of the Saints); but they went out, so that it would be shown that they all are not of us.
1 Timóteo 4
MacArthur- To sit under such teaching is to hear lies from the demonic realm (Eph 6:12; Jas 3:15; 2Jn 7-11). The influence of demons will reach its peak during the Tribulation (2Th 2:9; Rev 9:2-11; 16:14; 20:2, 3, 8, 10). Satan and demons constantly work the deceptions that corrupt and pervert God's Word. (BORROW The MacArthur Study Bible) Guy King says: These impious beings are expert in the unholy art of seducing, choosing their victim and their moment with cunning precision. They come to a man at a time of intellectual doubt, or of devastating sorrow, or of spiritual failure, or even of bodily weakness--and they insinuate the seed of what is false, which becomes in course of time, the very ruin of a soul, the catastrophe of a life, as in the instance of these unfortunate persons of whom Timothy is here warned. Let none of us suppose that we are to be immune from such attacks or free from such dire results. It behooves us all to exercise eternal vigilance. (A Leader Led) Demarest says "Though the final outcome of Christ's struggle has been secured through His victory over sin and death, guerilla warfare continues until He shall come in glory. Resistance to His love continues, and some will even depart from the faith--an act known as apostasy. (BORROW The communicator's commentary. 1, 2 Thessalonians, 1, 2 Timothy, Titus)
1 Timóteo 4
MacArthur - The deception comes in seeing those as essential elements of salvation. The devising of human means of salvation is a hallmark of all false religion. The teaching that self-denial on the physical level was essential for true spirituality characterized the Essenes. They were a Jewish sect that appeared in Palestine as early as the second century b.c. They formed the Qumran community, near the Dead Sea, where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found. They practiced asceticism, denying marriage and enforcing special dietary regulations. It is possible their influence was being felt in Ephesus. (See 1 Timothy MacArthur New Testament Commentary) Fernando: "Asceticism appeals to certain Christians who are troubled by their failures in the spiritual life. They are looking for something extra which they can do to speed their growth in godliness. Asceticism seems to provide an answer to this quest. The struggling Christian reasons that it is because of desires for earthly things, such as sex, food, and clothing, that he keeps falling into sin. So, he tries to do away with these evil desires and join that superior band of Christians who have chosen to go 'all the way' in their commitment to Christ."
1 Timóteo 4
MacArthur says paraggello conveyed "the idea of binding a person to make the proper response to an instruction. The soldier was bound to obey the orders of his superiors; a person involved in a legal matter was bound by the court’s orders; a person of integrity was bound by moral principles; a patient was bound to follow his doctor’s instruction if he wanted to get well; and a successful writer or speaker was bound by the standards of his craft." 1 Timothy 4:11 TODAY IN THE WORD Although Jill believes in having family devotions, they never seem to turn out the way she thinks they should. She easily identifies with the mother whose daughter once asked, “Mommy, when are we going to get together and have family commotions?” “Family commotions” seem to be a good description of what happens when Jill suggests that it’s time for her family to study the Bible. “Can’t we do it later?” someone will ask. “I’m watching television” another will complain. All too often the children seem bored, the dog barks, or the phone rings. Spending time together in God’s Word is a challenge for most families today. How good to learn, then, that God’s plan doesn’t limit the family’s spiritual life to a single method. Instead, it prescribes a holistic approach to training children in spiritual matters. God does indeed command Christian parents to pass on the truths of the faith to their children, but the strategy He prescribes is a flexible one. Parents are called to explain spiritual truths to their children in the context of ordinary life. Instead of demanding that family devotions be observed at a specific time, this subject is to be the focus of family discussion throughout the day. Biblical principles should be so naturally woven into the fabric of our daily lives that it seems as if they were written on the doorframes of our houses and inscribed on our gates (Deut. 6:9). APPLY THE WORD When was the last time you discussed God’s Word together as a family? If you have a plan for family devotions, try not to limit your spiritual conversations to just these formal occasions. If your approach to your family’s spiritual life is more informal, be careful not to let the subject of God’s truth become pushed aside by the rush of the day. 1 Timothy 4:11-16 Knute Rockne on Practicing We who teach will be judged more strictly. - James 3:1 Knute Rockne, head coach of the Notre Dame football team from 1917 to 1931, once said, “One player practicing sportsmanship is far better than fifty preaching it.” He understood that integrity on the playing field demands a certain behavior, not just nice-sounding words. In our passage today we read Paul's admonition to Timothy about integrity in ministry, exhorting him to “watch your life and your doctrine closely” (v. 16). The Ephesian elders who had loved and respected Paul (see Acts 20:17-38) seemed skeptical of young Timothy and unreceptive of the message he had to bring to the church. That's why Paul instructed Timothy to not only preach the Word but to live it. A godly life can be a more persuasive tool in ministry than even the most powerful sermon. In order to fulfill his call to the ministry, Timothy needed to keep in mind four aspects of effective leadership. The first, as we've mentioned, is the importance of example. Timothy would gain credibility for his teaching to the extent that he practiced what he preached. As Kent
1 Timóteo 4
MacArthur wrote, “Exhortation challenges people to apply the truths they have been taught. It warns people to obey in light of the blessing to come to them if they do, and the judgment if they do not. Exhortation may take the form of rebuke, warning, counsel, or comfort, but always involves a binding of the conscience.” (See 1 & 2 Timothy MacArthur New Testament Commentary) William
1 Timóteo 4
MacArthur writes, “Each believer’s gift is a God-designed blend of spiritual capacities, which acts as a channel through which the Spirit of God ministers to others. Timothy’s gift included evangelism, preaching, teaching, and leadership." (1 & 2 Timothy MacArthur New Testament Commentary) Guzik makes an interesting (convicting) point - This shows that there was definitely the possibility that gifts and abilities in him could be wasted for eternity. As with the parable of the talents, we should not bury what abilities God has given. (Ed: I know a man who knew in his 30's he was called to preach and refused the call and he was miserable when I met him in his 60's. Dear reader, I plead with you do not waste this one life God gives you as you cannot imagine the glorious reward you will receive for effectively, actively, intentionally using your spiritual gift or gifts - remember everyone has at least ONE.) (1 Timothy 4 Commentary) Do not neglect (272)(ameleo from "a" = without + melo = to care for, to show concern, forethought or interest) means literally without care and thus showing no concern. Paul is commanding (present imperative with a negative) Timothy to stop being (or don't start) careless, unconcerned about or caring nothing about his spiritual gift. Spiritual gift (5486) charisma from charis = grace + the ending --ma which indicates the result of something, in this case the result of grace, "the subjective grace that works within and shows itself in its result" [Wuest]) is a Pauline word (with exception of 1Peter 4:10) which literally means a gift of grace or a free gift. Considering that the root is charis (grace) the favor or gift which one receives is without any merit of one's own. Stated another way, whatever spiritual gift a man has comes from God, and should be no cause for personal pride or praise. It is something given to a man by God which the man himself could not have acquired or attained. In his second letter Paul wrote "For this reason ("What reason?" see 2 Ti 1:5+) I remind you to kindle afresh the gift of God which is in you through the laying on of my hands." (2 Ti 1:6+) In other words, fan the flame (so to speak), stirring up your gift to new life, exciting fresh activity. The picture is the remains of a fire, the ember by which the fire is kindled anew or lit up as when blown on by bellows. THOUGHT - This command begs the applicational question. What are you doing with the spiritual gift God has given you? You do realize you have at least one (possibly more) gift don't you? 1 Cor 12:11+ says "one and the same Spirit works all these things, distributing to each one individually just as He wills." You have a gift that is needed in the local Body of Christ you attend. Think about it this way -- if you are let's say a "foot," in your assembly, the function of the Body without a working foot will be "handicapped!" Not only that, but the gift is like a stewardship that God is entrusting to your care and wise use. You will be held responsible for how you used God's gracious gift. How sad to arrive at the Bema Seat and not hear "Well Done, my good and faithful servant." Life is short and eternity is long. Don't waste your once in a lifetime opportunity to use the spiritual gift God has give you. You will not regret it in time or eternity! “God’s gifts groan under our disuse or misuse.” (John Trapp) Alan Redpath observed that a Christian might have a saved soul but a wasted life—but no follower of Jesus should ever be content with such a sad state. Kent