Levítico 9

Levítico 9

MacArthur - As the priest of old could not have a part in the sins of the people, so the believer should be outside the camp of the world, no longer a part of its system, standards, and practices. This is what Jesus did, pictured supremely in the crucifixion, which was outside the city gates. Therefore Jesus also, that He might sanctify the people through His own blood, suffered outside the gate. I do not think the analogy can be pressed any further. It is simply a picture of Christians, following their Lord, separating themselves from the things of sin. As our Lord was crucified outside the walls of the city of Jerusalem, so we are to be spiritually outside the walls of sinning people. (MacArthur, J. Hebrews. Moody Press) Leviticus 9:12 Then he slaughtered the burnt offering; and Aaron's sons handed the blood to him and he sprinkled it around on the altar. Verse 12. And he killed the rededication offering, and Aaron’s sons presented the blood to him; and he splashed it round about the altar. Eph 5:2,25-27 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE SECOND SACRIFICE: BURNT OFFERING Slaughtered (07819)(shachat) Burnt offering (05930)('olah) - see Lev 1:1-17-note and Lev 8:18-21-note. Recall that this second offering (the sin offering was first), the burnt offering was a reflection of the offerer's total dedication or consecration to Yahweh. Hyatt - Aaron and his sons worked together in the same way as when they offered the sin-offering. Aaron officiated over the offering, and his sons assisted him (see comments on verse 9 above). In carrying out the blood ceremony, Aaron followed exactly the procedure Jehovah had commanded in Leviticus1:5. It symbolized the surrender of their lives to God and God’s acceptance of their surrendered lives (for a full description of the rededication-offering and its meaning, see comments on that verse in MESSAGE 1). This offering foreshadows that of Messiah Paul recording "Walk in love, just as Christ also loved you, and gave Himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God as a fragrant aroma… Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ also loved the church and gave Himself up for her." (Eph 5:2-note, Eph 5:25-note) Sprinkled it around on the altar - see Lev 1:15-note. We see a similar action in the inauguration of the Mosaic covenant (Ex 24:6–8). Sprinkled (02236)(zaraq - click word study) Leviticus 9:13 They handed the burnt offering to him in pieces, with the head, and he offered them up in smoke on the altar. 13 And they presented to him the rededication-offering, piece by piece; and he roasted them on the altar. Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THOUGHT - Beloved, while these graphic descriptions to some degree "attack" our sensibilities, they nevertheless do serve as graphic reminders of the Offering on Calvary some 1400+ years later! Indeed, recalling to our mind (cp to purpose of Lord's Supper [1Cor 11:23-25] in 1Cor 11:26) the slaying of the Lamb of God should stir our emotions and fuel our passion for Jesus. Hyatt - The whole animal of a rededication-offering was roasted on the altar as a symbol of the total commitment of the worshiper’s life. Aaron followed the procedure for this part of the offering exactly as Jehovah had commanded it in Leviticus 1:1:6-9 (for a full description of this part of the ceremony and its interpretation, see comments on those verses in MESSAGE 1).The new priests’ offering a sin-offering and a rededication-offering as their first official duty after their hallowing provides proof that the fire-offerings did not represent salvation, but experiences of the covenant life. The priests had accepted the covenant, had been appointed to serve as priests, had been installed into office, and had already offered these same offerings previously. If these offerings represented salvation, they would have taught that a person needs to be saved over again every day. Since they represented covering from sins that come into a believer’s life, the repetition of the offerings teaches a most valid truth. Believers, even priests and ministers, sin repeatedly, not out of rebellion but out of weakness. When we sin, we need to be covered from our sins to restore us to God’s fellowship and to usefulness in God’s service. Confession and recommitment are needed repeatedly. Forgiveness removes the barriers to fellowship with God that come from each new sin. Leviticus 9:14 He also washed the entrails and the legs, and offered them up in smoke with the burnt offering on the altar. 14 And he washed the intestines and the legs and roasted them with the rededicationoffering on the altar. Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Washed - Lev 1:9, 13-note. Offered them up in smoke (cp Lev 1:9, 13, 15-note) - No mention is made of the calf's hide (Lev 7:8-note), but it was probably burned (Lev 8:17-note; Lev 9:11). Offered up in smoke (06999)(qatar used 5x in Leviticus 9-Lev 9:10, 13, 14, 17, 20) Burnt offering (05930)('olah introduced in Leviticus 1) (Occurs 10x in Leviticus 9 - Lev 9:2, 3, 7, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 24) Butler alliterates the actions involved in the burnt offering - First, the cutting. “Slew the burnt offering … the pieces” (Leviticus 9:12, 13). The animal was killed by cutting its throat and then cut in pieces to be sacrificed. Second, the crimson. The blood, “which he sprinkled round about upon the altar” (Leviticus 9:12). The blood was prominent just as it was in the sin offering. Third, the consuming. “Burnt them … upon the altar.” (Leviticus 9:13). The burnt offering was obviously burned. Fourth, the cleansing. “Wash the inwards … legs” (Leviticus 9:14). (Ibid) Leviticus 9:15 Then he presented the people's offering, and took the goat of the sin offering which was for the people, and slaughtered it and offered it for sin, like the first. Then he began to offer the people’s offering, so he took the goat of the sin-offering that was for the people and killed it and offered it as a sin-offering like the previous [one]. Lev 9:3 4:27-31 9:15 Nu 28:1-29:31 Isa 53:10 2Co 5:21 Tit 2:14 Heb 2:17 Heb 5:3 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE PRIEST MEDIATES FOR THE PEOPLE The writer of Hebrews speaking of the Aaronic priests says that "he is obligated to offer sacrifices for sins, as for the people, so also for himself." (Heb 5:3) Bush - He brought the people’s offering Having duly presented the requisite offering for himself, he was now prepared to officiate in behalf of the people, which he did according to the mode prescribed, Ex. 29:39, 40. Lev. chs. 1. 2 and 7, on which see Notes. Bush - Took the goat—and offered it for sin Heb. יחטאהו ye’hatteëhu. It is the same term with that which occurs Lev. 8:15, and which is both here and there rendered by the Gr. καθαρισεν, cleansed. The Heb. word חטא ’hâtâ, in its radical or Kal form, signifies to sin; while in the Piel form it is used to signify purging away sin by sacrifice. (See Note on Lev. 6:20.) Thus Gen. 31:39, ‘That which was torn of beasts, I bare the loss of it (אטנה a’hattënah, I expiated, atoned, made satisfaction for it).’ Ps. 51:7, ‘Purge me (תחטאני te’hatteëni) with hyssop, and I shall be clean.’ Lev. 8:15, ‘And Moses purified (יחטא ye’hattë) the altar and sanctified it.’ Hyatt - The first offering of the congregation was the male goat for a sin-offering that had been commanded in verse 3. The word translated “offered it as a sin-offering” is a verb that means “to sin-offering.” Perhaps, it can best be rendered in English as “proceeded to make a sin-offering of it” or “proceeded to offer it as a sin-offering.” “Like the previous [one]” means that he offered the congregation’s sin-offering in the same way that he had offered the priests’ sin-offering. The ceremonies for a sin-offering of a priest and those for the whole congregation followed exactly the same procedure, whereas the ceremonies for a ruler or for an ordinary citizen were somewhat different (for a description of the procedure for a priest see Lev. 4:4-12; for the congregation see Lev. 4:16-21; for a ruler see Lev. 4:25-26; and for an ordinary citizen see Lev. 4:29-31. Ryrie on offered it for sin - Literally, he sinned it; i.e., he made it sin (Compare what God did to His Sacrifice for us in 2Cor. 5:21-note). Sin offering (02403)(chattat/chattath) is a main Hebrew word for sin but also is used as here for sin offering. (Lev 9:2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 15, 22) Slaughtered (07819)(shachat) Like the first - This refers back to the sin offering (Lev 9:8-11). NET Note explains that "The blood of the sin offering of the common people was applied to the burnt offering altar just like that of the priests." Leviticus 9:16 He also presented the burnt offering, and offered it according to the ordinance. Then he offered the rededication-offering, and he did it according to the judgment. ordinance: Lev 9:12-14 Lev 1:3-10 Lev 8:18-21 Heb 10:1-22 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Burnt offering (05930)('olah introduced in Leviticus 1) (Occurs 10x in Leviticus 9 - Lev 9:2, 3, 7, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 24) Ordinance (04941) (mishpat from root sapat) means primarily to exercise the process of government. In the present context it describes a legal decision given by God to be followed by the people (Isa. 58:2; Zeph. 2:3; Mal. 2:17). These decisions could come through the use of the Urim and Thummim (Num. 27:21). Hyatt - The second offering of the congregation was the calf and the lamb that Moses had told them to bring in verse 3 for a rededication-offering. Moses did not describe the steps in the ceremony. He simply said it was done according to “the judgment,” that is, according to the decision that Jehovah had rendered as the Judge of Israel (see comments on Lev. 5:10 in MESSAGE 2 under the heading according to the judgment). The statement means that the offering was carried out according to the instructions God had given in Lev. 1:3-13 (see comments on those verses in MESSAGE 1). According to the ordinance - Described earlier thus not repeated Bush - According to the manner. Heb. כמשפט kammishpât, according to the judgment or ordinance. See Note on Lev. 5:10. Gr. ως καθηκει, as it was fit. The ordinance alluded to is found in the general law of the first chapter. Leviticus 9:17 Next he presented the grain offering, and filled his hand with some of it and offered it up in smoke on the altar, besides the burnt offering of the morning. And he offered the homage-offering, and he filled his hand from it; then he roasted it on the altar, along with the rededication-offering of the morning. the grain: Lev 9:1, Lev 2:1,2 Ex 29:38,41 Jn 6:53 Gal 2:20 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Grain offering (04503)(minchah introduced in Leviticus 2) Hyatt - And he offered the homage-offering, and he filled his hand from it; then he roasted it on the altar. The third offering of the congregation was the homage-offering that Moses had told them to bring in verse 4. In officiating over this offering, Aaron carried out the instructions for that offering that are given in Leviticus 2:4 or Leviticus 2:7-10, whichever type of bread the people had chosen to prepare. According to the instructions God had given, he took out a handful of the bread-and-oil mixture and roasted it on the altar in recognition that all the possessions of the congregation had come from God Offered up in smoke (06999)(qatar used 5x in Leviticus 9-Lev 9:10, 13, 14, 17, 20) Bush - Beside the burnt sacrifice of the morning. That is, in addition to the daily sacrifice of the lamb, which was not to be superseded by the extra offerings of this or any other occasion. Burnt offering (05930)('olah introduced in Leviticus 1) (Occurs 10x in Leviticus 9 - Lev 9:2, 3, 7, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 24) HCSB Study Note on grain (Lev 9:17) and peace offerings (Lev 9:18) - The priests continued to represent the entire community by carrying out the grain and fellowship offerings that were typically offered by an individual Israelite. (Holman Christian Standard Bible Study Bible) NET Note - The latter part of the verse (“in addition to the morning burnt offering”) refers to the complex of morning (and evening) burnt and grain offerings that was the daily regulation for the tabernacle from the time of its erection (Ex 40:29). The regulations for it were appended to the end of the section of priestly consecration regulations in Exodus 29 (see Ex 29:38–40) precisely because they were to be maintained throughout the priestly consecration period and beyond (Lev 8:33–36). Thus, the morning burnt and grain offerings would already have been placed on the altar before the inaugural burnt and grain offerings referred to here. Rooker - The last phrase of v. 17, “in addition to the morning’s burnt offering,” indicates not only that the context of Exodus 29 is assumed but that the prescribed offerings detailed in Exod 29:38–42 were already being observed in Israelite worship. (NAC) Hyatt - along with the rededication-offering of the morning. This offering was to be offered along with “the rededication-offering of the morning,” which means the morning continual rededication offering. In Leviticus 6:8-18, Jehovah had instructed Moses that a rededication-offering and an homage-offering were to be offered each morning and evening in behalf of the congregation. They were called “continual offerings” because they were to be offered regularly every day indefinitely into the future (see comments on Lev. 6:8-18 in MESSAGE 5). Jehovah had repeated those instructions to Moses when he told him how to hallow the priests to their places of service (Ex. 29:28-32). This special homage-offering for the congregation was to be offered along with the continual rededication-offering for that morning, so it was to serve a dual purpose. It was an homage offering of the congregation, and it was the continual homage-offering for that morning. This reference is the first mention of continual offerings actually being offered. Evidently the offering of continual offerings began on that morning when the new priests began to officiate at the altar. Since this homage-offering was to serve as the continual homage-offering for that morning, all of these offerings over which the new priests were officiating for the first time were conducted early in the morning. Jehovah expected the new priests to get to work early on the day immediately after their hallowing. Leviticus 9:18 Then he slaughtered the ox and the ram, the sacrifice of peace offerings which was for the people; and Aaron's sons handed the blood to him and he sprinkled it around on the altar. Verse 18. And he killed the bull and the ram [which were] the slaughter-offering of peace-offerings for the people; and Aaron’s sons presented the blood to him, and he splashed it on the altar round about. sacrifice: Lev 3:1-17 7:11-18 Ro 5:1,10 Eph 2:14-17 Col 1:20 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Slaughtered (07819)(shachat) Hyatt - The fourth offering of the people was a slaughter-offering of peace-offerings, which symbolized the fellowship that comes from serving God together with others (concerning the name and meaning of this offering see comments on Lev. 1:1 in MESSAGE 1 under the heading a slaughter offering of peace-offerings). Leviticus 7:11-21 describes two occasions on which a slaughter offering could be offered. (see comments on those verses in MESSAGE 7). It was offered with bread to express thanksgiving or without bread to accompany a vow or a voluntary gift. This verse makes no mention of a vow or a voluntary gift, but it was offered along with an homage-offering, which probably met the requirement for bread. The significance of this slaughter-offering, in addition to celebrating fellowship among God’s people, most likely was intended to express thanksgiving to God for the blessing of worshiping Him. Peace offerings (08002)(selem/shelem introduced in Leviticus 3) is a noun which means fellowship offerings, thanksgiving offerings and all uses (except Amos 5:22) are in the plural form (selamim). The root Hebrew word conveys the idea of completion and fulfillment, of entering into a state of wholeness and unity, a restored relationship. The peace offerings were voluntary offerings (like burnt and grain offerings) given to God with thanks and praise. The focus was on fellowship and communion with Yahweh. Sprinkled it around on the altar - This phrase is found 12x, most often in Leviticus. (Ex 29:16, 20; Lev 1:5, 11; 3:2, 8, 13; 7:2; 8:19, 24; 9:12, 18) Sprinkled (02236)(zaraq - click word study) Leviticus 9:19 As for the portions of fat from the ox and from the ram, the fat tail, and the fat covering, and the kidneys and the lobe of the liver, 19 And [they took] the fat of the bull and of the ram, the fat tail and that which covers the intestines and the kidneys and the attachment of the liver, Lev 9:10 3:5,16 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries George Bush - That which covereth, &c. ‘The fat that covereth the inwards’ is the fat thin membrane extended over the intestines, and attached to the concave part of the liver, called the omentum, or caul. And by ‘the caul above the liver,’ is commonly understood, after the Septuagint, the great lobe of the liver (major lobus hepatis), which, although part of the liver itself, may very properly be rendered ‘the lobe over’ or ‘by the liver.’ As to the caul, it was a common offering in the sacrifices of the ancient heathen; and Strabo remarks, that the Persians, in their sacrifices, offered nothing else upon the altar. Calmet, who gives these instances in his ‘Commentaire Littéral,’ cites Athenæus in evidence that the ancients ate the liver covered with, or enfolded in, the caul; and he thinks it probable that the liver of the victim was, in the same manner, wrapped up in the caul before it was laid upon the altar; and that this is what Moses means by the ‘caul above’ or upon the liver. Hyatt - The fat ceremony was carried out just as Jehovah had instructed Moses in Leviticus 3:3-5 for the bull and in Leviticus 3:9-11 for the ram (see comments on those verses in MESSAGE 1). They also followed the instructions given in Leviticus 7:29-32, which specified that the fat was to be placed on the breast and waved over the altar. Then the fat was roasted on the altar, and the breast was given to the priests as part of their portion of the Tenth Message, Lev. 8:1-9:24 Page 22 fellowship meal (see comments on those verses in MESSAGE 9). Aaron and his sons also worked together in offering this offering. The sons put the fat on the breasts. Moses waved them over the altar, and offered the fat on the altar. Leviticus 9:20 they now placed the portions of fat on the breasts; and he offered them up in smoke on the altar. 20 And they put the fat on the breasts and he roasted the fat on the altar. placed: Lev 7:29-34 offered in smoke: Lev 3:14-17 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Offered up in smoke (06999)(qatar used 5x in Leviticus 9-Lev 9:10, 13, 14, 17, 20) Leviticus 9:21 But the breasts and the right thigh Aaron presented as a wave offering before the LORD, just as Moses had commanded. 21 And Aaron waved the breasts and the right front quarters for a wave-offering at Jehovah face, as Moses had commanded. breasts: Lev 7:24,26,30-34 Ex 29:27,28 Isa 49:3 Lu 2:13 1Pe 4:11 Leviticus 9 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Wave offering (08573)(tenupah from nuph = to move to and fro, to wave, to sprinkle) is a feminine noun which means swinging, waving, then wave offering. Tenuphah implies the side to side motion involved in waving and thus is usually a reference to a "wave offering" but twice is translated simply as "offering" (Ex 38:24, 29). Halladay says it is "an offering waved toward the altar and away from it in consecration." Hyatt - This portion of the ceremony was carried out in just the manner that had been commanded in Leviticus 7:28-34 (see comments on those verses in MESSAGES 9). This verse confirms that both the two breasts and the two right front quarters were waved over the altar before they were given to the priests for their part in the fellowship meal.