1 Coríntios 1

Kenneth Wuest · Citado em PreceptAustin

1 Coríntios 1

Wuest - Paul, a divinely-summoned and divinely-appointed ambassador belonging to Christ Jesus, an ambassador by reason of God’s determining will, and Sosthenes our brother, (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:1 From Paul, called to be an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Sosthenes, our brother, NLT 1 Corinthians 1:1 This letter is from Paul, chosen by the will of God to be an apostle of Christ Jesus, and from our brother Sosthenes. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called by the will of God to be an apostle of Christ Jesus, and our brother Sosthenes, NIV 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called to be an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and our brother Sosthenes, GNT 1 Corinthians 1:1 Παῦλος κλητὸς ἀπόστολος Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ διὰ θελήματος θεοῦ καὶ Σωσθένης ὁ ἀδελφὸς KJV 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes our brother, YLT 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, a called apostle of Jesus Christ, through the will of God, and Sosthenes the brother, ASV 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes our brother, CSB 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called as an apostle of Christ Jesus by God's will, and Sosthenes our brother: NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes our brother, NRS 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called to be an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and our brother Sosthenes, NAB 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called to be an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Sosthenes our brother, NJB 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paul, called by the will of God to be an apostle of Christ Jesus, and Sosthenes, our brother, GWN 1 Corinthians 1:1 From Paul, called to be an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and from Sosthenes, our brother in the Christian faith. called: Ro 1:1 Ga 2:7,8 an: 1Co 3:9 1Cor 9:1-2 1Cor 15:9 Lu 6:13 Joh 20:21 Ac 1:2,25,26 22:21 Ro 1:5 2Co 11:5 12:12 Ga 1:1 Eph 4:11 1Ti 1:1 2:7 through: 1Co 6:16,17 Joh 15:16 2Co 1:1 Ga 1:15,16 Eph 1:1 Col 1:1 Sosthenes: Ac 18:17 See background on this letter John MacArthur's excellent introduction to 1 Corinthians 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 1 Corinthians 9:1-2+ Am I not free? Am I not an apostle? Have I not seen Jesus our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord? 2 If to others I am not an apostle, at least I am to you; for you are the seal of my apostleship in the Lord. 1 Corinthians 15:9-10+ For I am the least of the apostles, and not fit to be called (not divine calling but simply being designated as) an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. 10 But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His grace toward me did not prove vain; but I labored even more than all of them, yet not I, but the grace of God with me. Ro 1:1+ Paul, a bond-servant of Christ Jesus, called as an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God, 2 Timothy 1:1+ Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, according to the promise of life (cf 2 Ti 1:10+) in Christ Jesus, Galatians 1:1+ Paul, an apostle (not sent from men nor through [dia] the agency of man, but through [dia] Jesus Christ and God the Father, Who raised Him from the dead) Corinth was famous for its ornate architecture - Corinthians columns. The paganism and sensuality of the city led to the “coining” of a word (as noted above) that represented it all - “to Corinthianize,” a word that closely resembles the contemporary expression “Let’s Party!” Boyer: If Paul were to write a letter to the evangelical, Bible-believing churches of late twentieth century America, I believe it would be much like I Corinthians. Their world was like our world: the same thirst for intellectualism, the same permissiveness toward moral standards, the same fascination for the spectacular. And their church was like our churches: proud, affluent, materialistic, fiercely eager for intellectual and social acceptance by the world, doctrinally orthodox but morally and practically conforming to the world. An unusual way to "outline" 1 Corinthians is by the problems Paul addresses -- there is a problem in almost every chapter! One writer has entitled First Corinthians "Saints Gone Wild!" The Problem of Divisions in the Church (1 Cor. 1:10-13) The Problem of Worldly Wisdom (1 Cor. 1:17-2:16) The Problem of Carnality (1 Cor. 3:1-4) The Problem of Immorality in the Church (1 Cor. 5:1-13) The Problem of Bringing a Fellow Believer to Court (1 Cor. 6:1-8) The Problem of Fornication (1 Cor. 6:15-20) The Problem of Marriage and Divorce (1 Cor. 7:1-40) The Problem of Meats Offered to Idols (1 Cor. 8:1-13) The Problem of the Role Men and Women Should Have in Christ's Church (1 Cor. 11:1-17) The Problem of Abusing the Lord’s Supper (1 Cor. 11:20-34) The Problem of Spiritual Gifts (1 Cor. 12:1-31) The Problem of a Lack of Love (1 Cor. 13:1-13) The Problem of Speaking in Tongues (1 Cor. 14:1-40) The Problem of Wrong Teaching About the Resurrection of the Dead (1 Cor. 15:1-58) The Problem of Collecting for the Saints (1 Cor. 16:1-3) (from Middletown Bible) Church at Corinth - between 2 Seas, Adrift and Drowning in Worldliness PAUL'S CREDENTIALS Paul - Paul follows the usual convention for secular Greek letters which routinely opened with the identification of the one writing the letter. Paul (3972) is from Latin, Paulos meaning "little, small". Before his Damascus Road experience he was known by his Hebrew name Saul (Greek Saulos) which means "desired" or "ask" (derived from Hebrew word for "ask").

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Wuest - The name “Christ” is the English spelling of the Greek word Christos, which in turn is the translation of the Hebrew word (mashiach/masiyah) meaning “Messiah.” The word “Christ” means “The Anointed One.” The name “Jesus” is the English spelling of the Greek Iesous, which is in turn the Greek spelling of the Hebrew word Yehoshua/Jehoshua which means “Jehovah saves.” We have therefore in these two names, the Messianic office of our Lord, His deity, and His substitutionary atonement. (Word Studies - Eerdman Publishing Company Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3) THOUGHT - Paul did not earn the right to be an apostle, but received it as gift of God's grace, God's unmerited favor. This is a good lesson for all believers. For example, I have seen many saints who were "aint's" when it came to teaching which was their will but not God's. The good news is that we all have a role to play in redemption (cf 1 Pe 4:10-11+), so our desire should be to seek His will for our role in His grand drama (cf Mt 6:33+, works "God prepared beforehand so that we would walk in them" = Eph 2:10+, cf Ps 37:4+). When we discover it, it is like hitting a backhand in tennis in the "sweet spot!' "Some of us could write, "pastor by the will of God" or "evangelist by the will of God" or "pray-er by the will of God" or "encourager by the will of God" or "supporter by the will of God." We all have our role to play, and God wants us to walk in it!" (Guzik) We are all in ministry so the question should resound in our ears "Am I where I am in ministry by His will or my will?" It's a question worth pondering, for apart from Him we can do absolutely nothing of eternal value (Jn 15:5, cf fruit that remains in Jn 15:16). What a sad occurrence it will be if we stand before Jesus at the Bema and discover that all our works are burned up (1 Cor 3:10-14, 15+) because they are our works, not His works! Related Resources: The Will Of God THOUGHT - All uses of the phrase "by the will of God" - only used by Paul - Rom. 1:10; Rom. 15:32; 1 Co. 1:1; 2 Co. 1:1; 2 Co. 8:5; Eph. 1:1; Col. 1:1; 2 Tim. 1:1. This phrase ought to be the watchword of every Christian, the "warp and the woof (weft)" undergirding all our daily activities, all our goals and aspirations, etc. Life is short (1 Cor 7:29+ - "time is running out" - Redeem the Time), so we should daily, prayerfully, obediently seek His will in His Word. Paul was called by His Will and thereafter ordered his steps (and stops) by His Will! And he (Paul) calls us all to IMITATE him (1 Cor 4:16+, 1 Cor 11:1+ - imitate in both is present imperative - see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey). Paul imitated Jesus (1 Cor 11:1+), Whose very food was "to do the will" of His Father Who sent Him (Jn 4:34+) (even as He Jesus had sent Paul. And even as He sends you and I out as His light into the lost world! See Mt 5:14-16+, Php 2:15+) (See also The Holy Spirit-Walking Like Jesus Walked!) Robertson on the important preposition by (through) - The intermediate (dia = cf duo = two) agent between Paul’s not being Christ’s apostle and becoming one was God’s will (thelema, something willed of God), God’s command (1 Ti 1:1). Paul knows that he is not one of the twelve apostles, but he is on a par with them because, like them, he is chosen by God. The refusal of the Judaizers to recognize Paul as equal to the twelve made him the more careful to claim his position. (1 Corinthians 1 Commentary) Don't miss one of Paul's major points of emphasis in chapter 1. Did you see it? The Name of Christ is found 17x in 15v in this chapter (total of 59x in 52 verses in the entire epistle)! Paul is a Christ centered preacher (1 Cor 2:2+) as should be every preacher (and teacher) of God's Word! Paul knows that "Keeping in tune with Christ keeps harmony in the Church." The saints at Corinth were more self-centered than Christ centered, and were beginning to experience divisions, so Paul gives the "antidote" by repeatedly mentioning Christ and later in the chapter the Cross of Christ. Indeed, all saints should also be Christocentric and "Crosscentric"! - 1 Co. 1:1; 1 Co. 1:2; 1 Co. 1:3; 1 Co. 1:4; 1 Co. 1:6; 1 Co. 1:7; 1 Co. 1:8; 1 Co. 1:9; 1 Co. 1:10; 1 Co. 1:12; 1 Co. 1:13; 1 Co. 1:17; 1 Co. 1:23; 1 Co. 1:24; 1 Co. 1:30. Hodge - The apostleship being an office, it could not be assumed at pleasure. Appointment by competent authority was absolutely indispensable....In calling himself an apostle Paul claims divine authority derived immediately from Christ. Called (2822)(kletos from kaleo = basic meaning is to call - see amplification below. See study of related word klesis) is a "verbal adjective" which is sometimes used as a verb and sometimes used as a noun referring to believers. Kletos is a "key word" in 1 Cor 1 occurring 3 times - 1 Co. 1:1; 1 Co. 1:2; 1 Co. 1:24 and kaleo in 1 Cor 1:9, so that one of the primary themes or subjects in chapter 1 is what it means to be called. Literally kletos means invited or welcomed and was originally used to designate those invited to a banquet (THOUGHT - Believers as the Bride of Christ are in fact invited to a banquet called the marriage supper of the Lamb Rev 19:7-9+). In the NT kletos is generally used of one who has received a calling to become a member of a select group. Believers ("those who are the called" Jude 1:1+, "saints by calling" 1 Cor 1:2, cf Ro 1:6-7+) have been invited by God in the proclamation of the Gospel to obtain eternal salvation in the kingdom through Christ. And at Jesus' triumphant return we will come with Him, John writing "those who are with Him are the called and chosen and faithful.” (These are the redeemed, not angels, who will likely also return with Him - Rev 17:14+, Rev 19:14+) Paul uses the words kaleō (29 times), klēsis (8 times) and klētos (7 times) almost always with the sense of divine calling. Exceptions are 1 Cor. 15:9, 1 Cor. 10:27 (invite), and three quotations from the LXX: Ro 9:7 (Ge 21:12); Ro 9:25 (Hos. 2:23); and Ro 9:26 (Hos 1:10 - Mt 2:1).

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Wuest explains that apekdechomai is "a Greek word made up of three words put together, the word, “to receive,” (dechomai) which speaks of a welcoming or appropriating reception such as is tendered to a friend who comes to visit one; the word “off,” (apo) speaking here of the withdrawal of one’s attention from other objects, and the word “out,” (ek) used here in a perfective sense which intensifies the already existing meaning of the word. The composite word speaks of an attitude of intense yearning and eager waiting for the coming of the Lord Jesus into the air to take His Bride to heaven with Him, the attention being withdrawn from all else and concentrated upon the Lord Jesus." (Philippians Commentary Online)

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Wuest - Now, I beg of you, please, brethren, my appeal to you being enforced by the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ [that Name holding within its compass all that He is in His glorious Person and wonderful salvation], I beg of you, please, that all of you be speaking the same thing, and that there be no factions among you, but that the breaches in your fellowship caused by these factions having been healed, you may remain perfectly united in the sphere of the same mind and in the sphere of the same opinion. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:10 I urge you, brothers and sisters, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, to agree together, to end your divisions, and to be united by the same mind and purpose. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:10 I appeal to you, dear brothers and sisters, by the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ, to live in harmony with each other. Let there be no divisions in the church. Rather, be of one mind, united in thought and purpose. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:10 I appeal to you, brothers, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that all of you agree, and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be united in the same mind and the same judgment. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:10 I appeal to you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that all of you agree with one another so that there may be no divisions among you and that you may be perfectly united in mind and thought. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:10 Παρακαλῶ δὲ ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἵνα τὸ αὐτὸ λέγητε πάντες καὶ μὴ ᾖ ἐν ὑμῖν σχίσματα, ἦτε δὲ κατηρτισμένοι ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ νοῒ καὶ ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ γνώμῃ. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:10 Now I beseech you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you; but that ye be perfectly joined together in the same mind and in the same judgment. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:10 And I call upon you, brethren, through the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that the same thing ye may all say, and there may not be divisions among you, and ye may be perfected in the same mind, and in the same judgment, ASV 1 Corinthians 1:10 Now I beseech you, brethren, through the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye all speak the same thing and that there be no divisions among you; but that ye be perfected together in the same mind and in the same judgment. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:10 Now I urge you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that all of you agree in what you say, that there be no divisions among you, and that you be united with the same understanding and the same conviction. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:10 Now I plead with you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be perfectly joined together in the same mind and in the same judgment. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:10 Now I appeal to you, brothers and sisters, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that all of you be in agreement and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be united in the same mind and the same purpose. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:10 I urge you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that all of you agree in what you say, and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be united in the same mind and in the same purpose. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:10 Brothers, I urge you, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, not to have factions among yourselves but all to be in agreement in what you profess; so that you are perfectly united in your beliefs and judgements. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:10 Brothers and sisters, I encourage all of you in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ to agree with each other and not to split into opposing groups. I want you to be united in your understanding and opinions. I exhort : 1Co 4:16 Ro 12:1 2Co 5:20 6:1 10:1 Ga 4:12 Eph 4:1 Phm 1:9,10 1Pe 2:11 by the name: Ro 15:30 1Th 4:1,2 2Th 2:1 1Ti 5:21 2Ti 4:1 that you: Ps 133:1 Jer 32:39 Joh 13:34,35 17:23 Ac 4:32 Ro 12:16 15:5,6 Ro 16:17 2Co 13:11 Eph 4:1-7,31,32 Php 1:27 2:1-4 3:16 1Th 5:13 Jas 3:13-18 1Pe 3:8,9 divisions, 1Co 11:18 1 Cor 12:24-25 Mt 9:16 Mk 2:21 Jn 7:43 9:16 10:19 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries CALL FOR UNITY IN FACE OF DISUNITY This verse marks the beginning of Paul's response to the first of two reports he had received concerning the church - major divisions (1 Cor 1:10-4:2) and gross immorality (1 Cor 5:1-6:20). Now I exhort you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ - Wuest - "my appeal to you being enforced by the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ [that Name holding within its compass all that He is in His glorious Person and wonderful salvation]" Exhort is present tense (continually). ESV, NLT, NIV, NRSV all translate "I appeal" (in English appeal = An earnest or urgent request, entreaty, or supplication) and NET has "I urge." Instead of issuing a command (which he had the authority to do as an apostle), Paul makes an appeal. He is pleading with them to be one in the Spirit. Had he commanded them right off, they might have felt he was abusing his authority. Paul, although separated by hundreds of miles writing from Ephesus, in effect says "I am coming alongside of you," and doing so by the Name of, in the authority of, the Lord Jesus Christ (fifth time he uses the full title - 1 Cor 1:2, 3, 7, 8). By the Name of would also serve to remind the Corinthians that his written words were not his private opinion, but were backed by the authority of the Lord. ILLUSTRATION OF THE NAME OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST - It would be spiritually helpful, though, if we followed the example of musical genius Johann Sebastian Bach. Often at the bottom of a manuscript he would write the letters INDNJC, standing for the Latin words In Nomine Domini Nostri Jesu Christi, "In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ." While Paul has affirmed his apostolic authority (1 Cor 1:1), here he appeals to the saints as his brethren (see preceding note on adelphos - both brothers and sisters) which would serve to soften what is clearly a criticism of their conduct. Not only that, brethren reminds the Corinthians (who were experiencing divisions) that they were in the same family, the family of God (Jn 1:12+, 1 Jn 3:1+). Brethren or brothers reminds one of David's words in Ps 133:1 "Behold, how good and how pleasant it is For brothers to dwell together in unity!" (Play the toe tapping tune To Dwell in Unity which I think even Paul would have affirmed!) John

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Wuest - For it was made clear to me concerning you, my brethren, by members of Chloe’s household, that there are wranglings among you. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:11 For members of Chloe's household have made it clear to me, my brothers and sisters, that there are quarrels among you. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:11 For some members of Chloe's household have told me about your quarrels, my dear brothers and sisters. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:11 For it has been reported to me by Chloe's people that there is quarreling among you, my brothers. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:11 My brothers, some from Chloe's household have informed me that there are quarrels among you. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:11 ἐδηλώθη γάρ μοι περὶ ὑμῶν, ἀδελφοί μου, ὑπὸ τῶν Χλόης ὅτι ἔριδες ἐν ὑμῖν εἰσιν. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:11 For it hath been declared unto me of you, my brethren, by them which are of the house of Chloe, that there are contentions among you. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:11 for it was signified to me concerning you, my brethren, by those of Chloe, that contentions are among you; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:11 For it hath been signified unto me concerning you, my brethren, by them that are of the household of Chloe, that there are contentions among you. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:11 For it has been reported to me about you, my brothers, by members of Chloe's household, that there is rivalry among you. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:11 For it has been declared to me concerning you, my brethren, by those of Chloe's household, that there are contentions among you. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:11 For it has been reported to me by Chloe's people that there are quarrels among you, my brothers and sisters. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:11 For it has been reported to me about you, my brothers, by Chloe's people, that there are rivalries among you. I have been informed: 1Co 11:18 Ge 27:42 37:2 1Sa 25:14-17 that there: 1Co 3:3 6:1-7 Pr 13:10 18:6 2Co 12:20 Ga 5:15,20,26 Php 2:14 1Ti 6:4 2Ti 2:23-25 Jas 4:1,2 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THEIR QUARRELS LED TO THEIR DIVISIONS For - Term of explanation. Paul begins by explaining why he has just exhorted them to be in agreement and likeminded. He urges them to union because he had heard they were divided.

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Wuest - Now, what I mean is this; that each one of you is saying, As for myself, I am a follower of Paul; But as for myself, I am a follower of Apollos; But as for myself, I am a follower of Cephas; But as for myself, I am a follower of Christ. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:12 Now I mean this, that each of you is saying, "I am with Paul," or "I am with Apollos," or "I am with Cephas," or "I am with Christ." NLT 1 Corinthians 1:12 Some of you are saying, "I am a follower of Paul." Others are saying, "I follow Apollos," or "I follow Peter, " or "I follow only Christ." ESV 1 Corinthians 1:12 What I mean is that each one of you says, "I follow Paul," or "I follow Apollos," or "I follow Cephas," or "I follow Christ." NIV 1 Corinthians 1:12 What I mean is this: One of you says, "I follow Paul"; another, "I follow Apollos"; another, "I follow Cephas"; still another, "I follow Christ." GNT 1 Corinthians 1:12 λέγω δὲ τοῦτο ὅτι ἕκαστος ὑμῶν λέγει, Ἐγὼ μέν εἰμι Παύλου, Ἐγὼ δὲ Ἀπολλῶ, Ἐγὼ δὲ Κηφᾶ, Ἐγὼ δὲ Χριστοῦ. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:12 Now this I say, that every one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:12 and I say this, that each one of you saith, 'I, indeed, am of Paul' -- 'and I of Apollos,' -- 'and I of Cephas,' -- 'and I of Christ.' ASV 1 Corinthians 1:12 Now this I mean, that each one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos: and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:12 What I am saying is this: Each of you says, "I'm with Paul," or "I'm with Apollos," or "I'm with Cephas," or "I'm with Christ." NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:12 Now I say this, that each of you says, "I am of Paul," or "I am of Apollos," or "I am of Cephas," or "I am of Christ." NRS 1 Corinthians 1:12 What I mean is that each of you says, "I belong to Paul," or "I belong to Apollos," or "I belong to Cephas," or "I belong to Christ." Now I mean this: 1Co 7:29 15:50 2Co 9:6 Ga 3:17 I am: 1Co 3:4-6,21-23 4:6 Apollos: 1Co 16:12 Ac 18:24-28 19:1 Cephas: 1Co 9:5 15:5 Joh 1:42 Ga 2:9 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries CONGREGATIONAL CLIQUES AT CORINTH A clique is an exclusive group of friends or associates with a common purpose. In Corinth the cliques had a common person. They had not yet split into four churches but did have four factions. Imagine a car with four different sized tires! The ride would be bumpy and likely the car would eventually break down. Now I mean this - Paul clarifies what he has just said, and elaborates on the specific nature of their quarrels.

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Wuest - The Christ has been divided into various parts, with the present result that He lies there broken up into fragments which are distributed among you. Paul was not crucified on your behalf, was he, or, it was not into the name of Paul that you were baptized, was it (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? Paul wasn't crucified for you, was he? Or were you in fact baptized in the name of Paul? NLT 1 Corinthians 1:13 Has Christ been divided into factions? Was I, Paul, crucified for you? Were any of you baptized in the name of Paul? Of course not! ESV 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul? NIV 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Were you baptized into the name of Paul? GNT 1 Corinthians 1:13 μεμέρισται ὁ Χριστός; μὴ Παῦλος ἐσταυρώθη ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, ἢ εἰς τὸ ὄνομα Παύλου ἐβαπτίσθητε; KJV 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? was Paul crucified for you? or were ye baptized in the name of Paul? YLT 1 Corinthians 1:13 Hath the Christ been divided? was Paul crucified for you? or to the name of Paul were ye baptized; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? was Paul crucified for you? or were ye baptized into the name of Paul? CSB 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? Was it Paul who was crucified for you? Or were you baptized in Paul's name? NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul? NRS 1 Corinthians 1:13 Has Christ been divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul? NAB 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul? NJB 1 Corinthians 1:13 Has Christ been split up? Was it Paul that was crucified for you, or was it in Paul's name that you were baptised? GWN 1 Corinthians 1:13 Has Christ been divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Were you baptized in Paul's name? BBE 1 Corinthians 1:13 Is there a division in Christ? was Paul nailed to the cross for you? or were you given baptism in the name of Paul? Christ: 2Co 11:4 Ga 1:7 Eph 4:5 Paul: 1Co 6:19,20 Ro 14:9 2Co 5:14,15 Tit 2:14 or: 1Co 1:15 10:2 Mt 28:19 Ac 2:38 10:48 19:5 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THREE RHETORICAL QUESTIONS POINT TO SUPREMACY OF CHRIST Has Christ been divided? - "Is there a division in Christ?" "This rhetorical question is calculated to get their attention. As Wuest paraphrases it “Has Christ been divided and different parts handed out to different people?” "The very idea is grotesque and must be rejected." (Wiersbe) Jesus did not belong to any of their four divisions at the exclusion of the others. They knew that Christ had not been divided. So what is Paul implying with this question? He is saying that when we begin to follow cliques around our favorite preacher or teacher, we are dividing up the body, the church, which is composed of members, all of whom belong to Christ and compose His body. Hodge - Of course the answer must be no. As Christ is incapable of division, as there can be but one Christ, the church cannot be divided. It is contrary to its nature to be split into hostile parties, just as it is contrary to the nature of a family to be thus divided. As the head is one, so are the members. Paul Apple - Response to the Problem Focuses on Centrality of Jesus Christ Unity of Christ - Proper Focus on the Person of Jesus Christ “Has Christ been divided? Gets at the heart of the matter; only one body of Christ;The error of carnal divisions expelled by the unity of Christ Matt. 12:25+; Teaching doctrine does not divide . . . it actually unifies Cross of Christ - Proper Focus on the Substitutionary Atonement of Christ “Paul was not crucified for you, was he?” Allegiance cannot be to Paul; there is only one Mediator Baptism in the Name of Christ - Proper Focus on the Meaning of the Symbolism of the Sacraments of the Church Commanded by Christ. Launches him into discussion of baptism; what better shows your allegiance? (1 Corinthians Commentary) Arnold explains that "When a Christian follows a man instead of Christ, there can only be trouble. There is simply no human teacher in the church of Christ, past or present, who has a totally complete view of Christ or a perfect system of theology. If we limit ourselves to one teacher or one speaker and feed only on him, we are getting a warped view of Christ." (1 Corinthians 1:10-17 Divisions Because Of Personalities) ILLUSTRATION - There was an old, contentious Quaker who went from one meeting to another, never finding the “true” church. Someone once said to him, “Well, what church are you in now?” He said, “I am in the true church at last.” “How many belong to it?” “Just my wife and myself, and I am not sure about her sometimes.” (Guzik 1 Corinthians 1 Commentary)

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Wuest - I am thankful that not even one of you did I baptize except Crispus and Gaius; NET 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I did not baptize any of you except Crispus and Gaius, NLT 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I did not baptize any of you except Crispus and Gaius, ESV 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius, NIV 1 Corinthians 1:14 I am thankful that I did not baptize any of you except Crispus and Gaius, GNT 1 Corinthians 1:14 εὐχαριστῶ [τῷ θεῷ] ὅτι οὐδένα ὑμῶν ἐβάπτισα εἰ μὴ Κρίσπον καὶ Γάϊον, KJV 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I baptized none of you, but Crispus and Gaius; YLT 1 Corinthians 1:14 I give thanks to God that no one of you did I baptize, except Crispus and Gaius -- ASV 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I baptized none of you, save Crispus and Gaius; CSB 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius, NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius, NRS 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius, NAB 1 Corinthians 1:14 I give thanks (to God) that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius, NJB 1 Corinthians 1:14 I am thankful I did not baptise any of you, except Crispus and Gaius, GWN 1 Corinthians 1:14 I thank God that I didn't baptize any of you except Crispus and Gaius BBE 1 Corinthians 1:14 I give praise to God that not one of you had baptism from me, but Crispus and Gaius; thank: 1Co 1:4 14:18 2Co 2:14 Eph 5:20 Col 3:15,17 1Th 5:18 1Ti 1:12 Phm 1:4 Crispus: Ac 18:8 Gaius: Ro 16:23 3Jn 1:1-4 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries PAUL BAPTIZED ONLY A FEW Paul's point in 1 Cor 1:14-17 is to emphasize that unity is promoted by focusing on the central message, the proclamation of the simple but powerful Gospel. "(v14-16) The Central Mission Is Not Trying to Compete For Disciples. (v17) The Central Mission Is: the Proclamation of the Gospel = the Cross of Christ" (Paul Apple). Regarding Crispus in Acts 18:8+ Luke records that "Crispus, the leader of the synagogue, believed in the Lord with all his household, and many of the Corinthians when they heard were believing and being baptized." Comment - Note the emphasis is on belief in Christ with baptism taking a secondary role. I thank (eucharisteo - present tense - continually thank) God that I baptized (baptizo) none of you except Crispus and Gaius - Why is he thankful to God here? If he had baptized many or most of the Corinthians, it would have made the problem of party loyalty (loyalty to a man) potentially even worse. Paul in saying that he only baptized a few, is implying he had no part in creating the divisions that were forming in Corinth. Paul was not looking for a cult following consisting of those "Baptized by Paul"! Gaius is likely the man mentioned in Ro 16:23+ "Gaius, host to me and to the whole church, greets you. Erastus, the city treasurer greets you, and Quartus, the brother." Hodge - Although it was the duty of the apostles to baptize (Matthew 28:19), Paul rejoiced that it had so happened that he had administered that ordinance to only a few people in Corinth, so that all pretext that he was making disciples to himself was taken away. Paul did not consider this a matter of chance but of providential direction, and therefore a cause of gratitude to God. (1 Corinthians 1 Commentary) Apple - This section is not to minimize the proper importance of baptism. Paul is not saying that the believers did not need to be baptized - only that he did not need to be the one administering it. (1 Corinthians Commentary) Alan

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Wuest - lest anyone should say that into my name you were baptized. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:15 so that no one can say that you were baptized in my name! NLT 1 Corinthians 1:15 for now no one can say they were baptized in my name. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:15 so that no one may say that you were baptized in my name. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:15 so no one can say that you were baptized into my name. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:15 ἵνα μή τις εἴπῃ ὅτι εἰς τὸ ἐμὸν ὄνομα ἐβαπτίσθητε. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:15 Lest any should say that I had baptized in mine own name. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:15 that no one may say that to my own name I did baptize; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:15 lest any man should say that ye were baptized into my name. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:15 so that no one can say you were baptized in my name. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:15 lest anyone should say that I had baptized in my own name. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:15 so that no one can say that you were baptized in my name. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:15 so that no one can say you were baptized in my name. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:15 so that no one can say that you were baptised in my name. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:15 so that no one can say you were baptized in my name. BBE 1 Corinthians 1:15 So that no one may be able to say that you had baptism in my name. I: John 3:28,29 John 7:18 2Co 11:2 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: John 4:2+ (although Jesus Himself was not baptizing, but His disciples were) John 3:28+ (John the Baptist) You yourselves are my witnesses that I said, ‘I am not the Christ,’ but, ‘I have been sent ahead of Him.’ ONLY ONE NAME INTO WHICH WE ARE BAPTIZED Jesus gave a clear commission to His apostles (AND TO US) “Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing (baptizo) them in the Name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit." (Mt 28:19+) Baptism speaks of identification and to be baptized into a "name," means to be fully identified with the possessor of that name. Paul is disavowing any desire for anyone to claim they were baptized into his name. Implicit is that his desire is that they were baptized into, identified with the infinite Triune God, not with any finite man. So that (term of purpose) no one would say you were baptized (see baptizo) in my name - Paul is simply emphasizing that he had no part in creating these cliques. If they could have said they were baptized by Paul, it would have been a declaration of pride in their "Party of Paul." Leon Morris on my name - The ‘name’ in antiquity meant far more than it does with us. It stood for the whole personality; it summed up the whole person. The preposition eis is literally ‘into’, and ‘ “Into the name” implies entrance into fellowship and allegiance, such as exists between the Redeemer and the redeemed’ (Robertson and Plummer). There could be no suggestion that Paul had said or done anything to bring his converts into such a relation to him personally. He had pointed people to Christ. (The First Epistle of Paul to the Corinthians) 1 Corinthians 1:16 Now I did baptize also the household of Stephanas; beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized any other. Amplified - [Yes] I did baptize the household of Stephanas also. More than these, I do not remember that I baptized anyone. Wuest - However, I also did baptize the household of Stephanas. Besides, I do not know positively whether I baptized any other person, (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:16 (I also baptized the household of Stephanus. Otherwise, I do not remember whether I baptized anyone else.) NLT 1 Corinthians 1:16 (Oh yes, I also baptized the household of Stephanas, but I don't remember baptizing anyone else.) ESV 1 Corinthians 1:16 (I did baptize also the household of Stephanas. Beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.) NIV 1 Corinthians 1:16 (Yes, I also baptized the household of Stephanas; beyond that, I don't remember if I baptized anyone else.) GNT 1 Corinthians 1:16 ἐβάπτισα δὲ καὶ τὸν Στεφανᾶ οἶκον, λοιπὸν οὐκ οἶδα εἴ τινα ἄλλον ἐβάπτισα. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:16 And I baptized also the household of Stephanas: besides, I know not whether I baptized any other. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:16 and I did baptize also Stephanas' household -- further, I have not known if I did baptize any other. ASV 1 Corinthians 1:16 And I baptized also the household of Stephanas: besides, I know not whether I baptized any other. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:16 I did, in fact, baptize the household of Stephanas; beyond that, I don't know if I baptized anyone else. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:16 Yes, I also baptized the household of Stephanas. Besides, I do not know whether I baptized any other. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:16 (I did baptize also the household of Stephanas; beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.) NAB 1 Corinthians 1:16 (I baptized the household of Stephanas also; beyond that I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.) NJB 1 Corinthians 1:16 Yes, I did baptise the family of Stephanas, too; but besides these I do not think I baptised anyone. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:16 I also baptized Stephanas and his family. Beyond that, I'm not sure whether I baptized anyone else. BBE 1 Corinthians 1:16 And I gave baptism to the house of Stephanas; but I am not certain that any others had baptism from me. household: 1Co 16:15,17 Ac 16:15,33 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Now I did baptize (baptizo) also the household of Stephanas - Paul recalls this family which came to Christ and which he did baptize. David

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Wuest - for Christ did not send me on a mission to be a baptizer but to be a bringer of good news, not bringing this good news within the realm of philosophical discourse, lest the Cross of the Christ be emptied of its true significance and power. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize, but to preach the gospel– and not with clever speech, so that the cross of Christ would not become useless. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ didn't send me to baptize, but to preach the Good News-- and not with clever speech, for fear that the cross of Christ would lose its power. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the gospel, and not with words of eloquent wisdom, lest the cross of Christ be emptied of its power. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize, but to preach the gospel--not with words of human wisdom, lest the cross of Christ be emptied of its power. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:17 οὐ γὰρ ἀπέστειλέν με Χριστὸς βαπτίζειν ἀλλὰ εὐαγγελίζεσθαι, οὐκ ἐν σοφίᾳ λόγου, ἵνα μὴ κενωθῇ ὁ σταυρὸς τοῦ Χριστοῦ. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made of none effect. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize, but -- to proclaim good news; not in wisdom of discourse, that the cross of the Christ may not be made of none effect; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to preach the gospel: not in wisdom of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made void. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize, but to evangelize-- not with clever words, so that the cross of Christ will not be emptied of its effect. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize, but to preach the gospel, not with wisdom of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made of no effect. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize but to proclaim the gospel, and not with eloquent wisdom, so that the cross of Christ might not be emptied of its power. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:17 For Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the gospel, and not with the wisdom of human eloquence, so that the cross of Christ might not be emptied of its meaning. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:17 After all, Christ sent me not to baptise, but to preach the gospel; and not by means of wisdom of language, wise words which would make the cross of Christ pointless. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:17 Christ didn't send me to baptize. Instead, he sent me to spread the Good News. I didn't use intellectual arguments. That would have made the cross of Christ lose its meaning. not in: Joh 4:2 Ac 10:48 26:17,18 not: 1Co 2:1,4,13 2Co 4:2 10:3,4,10 2Pe 1:16 speech, 1Co 2:5 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: Mark 3:14+ And He appointed twelve (APOSTLES), so that they would be with Him and that He could send (apostello) them out to preach, 2 Timothy 4:2+ Preach (kerusso in aorist imperative see need of Holy Spirit to obey) the word. Be ready (aorist imperative) in season and out of season; reprove (aorist imperative), rebuke (aorist imperative), exhort (aorist imperative), with great patience and instruction. PAUL WAS A "SENT" PREACHER! You have probably heard the saying “The main things are the plain things, and the plain things are the main things.” The main thing for Paul was not to baptize but to preach the Gospel. The Gospel was the "plain thing" but it was also the "profound thing" the wisdom of God which confounds the wisdom of men and converts the heart of those who welcome the message (cf Jas 1:21+). If you have been called to preach then preaching should be your priority. Be careful of being sidetracked from preaching by other activities. Hodge entitles 1 Cor 1:17-31 as "Paul’s Defense of His Manner of Preaching. The apostle, having been led to mention incidentally that he had baptized very few people in Corinth, states that the reason for this is that his great official duty was to preach the Gospel (verses 17–18). This naturally led him to speak of the manner of preaching. It was one of the objections urged against him that he did not preach with words of human wisdom—that is, that he did not preach the doctrines taught by human reason, which he calls the wisdom of the world. Through the remainder of this and the whole of the following chapter, he assigns his reasons for thus renouncing the wisdom of the world, resuming the subject of the divisions existing in the Corinthian church at the beginning of chapter 3." (1 Corinthians 1 Commentary) Paul Apple sees 1 Cor 1:17 as a transition verse to the section. Baptism = Secondary to the Preaching of the Gospel; You were saved before you hit the waters of baptism Gal. 6:14+ - boast only in the cross;Preach the Word that focuses on Christ; (1 Corinthians Commentary) A T

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Wuest - For the story, that story concerning the Cross, is, on the one hand, to those who are perishing, foolishness, but to us, on the other hand, who are being saved, it is God’s power. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the message about the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:18 The message of the cross is foolish to those who are headed for destruction! But we who are being saved know it is the very power of God. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the word of the cross is folly to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:18 Ὁ λόγος γὰρ ὁ τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῖς μὲν ἀπολλυμένοις μωρία ἐστίν, τοῖς δὲ σῳζομένοις ἡμῖν δύναμις θεοῦ ἐστιν. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:18 for the word of the cross to those indeed perishing is foolishness, and to us -- those being saved -- it is the power of God, ASV 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the word of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us who are saved it is the power of God. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but it is God's power to us who are being saved. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:18 For the message about the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:18 The message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:18 The message of the cross is folly for those who are on the way to ruin, but for those of us who are on the road to salvation it is the power of God. word of the Cross: 1Co 1:23,24 1 Cor 2:2 Ga 6:12-14 to: Ac 13:41 2Co 2:15,16 2 Cor 4:3 2Th 2:10 foolishness: 1Co 1:21,23,25 2:14 3:19 Ac 17:18,32 to: 1Co 1:24 15:2 Ps 110:2,3 Ro 1:16 2Co 10:4 1Th 1:5 Heb 4:12 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 1 Cor 4:19-20+ But I will come to you soon, if the Lord wills, and I shall find out, not the words of those who are arrogant but their power (dunamis). For the kingdom of God does not consist in words but in (SUPERNATURAL) power (dunamis). Galatians 6:12-14+ Those who desire to make a good showing in the flesh try to compel you to be circumcised, simply so that they will not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. 13 For those who are circumcised do not even keep the Law themselves, but they desire to have you circumcised so that they may boast in your flesh. 14 But may it never be that I would boast, except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, through which the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world. POWER OF THE CROSS VERSUS WEAKNESS OF HUMAN WISDOM Paul will launch into a lengthy discussion contrasting the power of the cross with the weakness of human wisdom. In a word, the word of the Cross divides all mankind into two camps, one composed of those who are perishing and the other composed of those who are being saved or as C S Lewis phrased it "immortal horrors or everlasting splendours!” ‘the world has had enough teachers, it needs a Redeemer’ -- C S C Williams D Edmond Hiebert - "This is the epistle of the cross in its social application." It reveals the burning desire of the Apostle that the cross of Christ shall be applied to every problem in the Christian life. The intention of the epistle is intensely practical. (An Introduction to the New Testament, Volume 2: The Pauline Epistles) Alan Johnson entitles 1 Cor 1:18-2:5 "Paul’s Second Response to Factions: Christ Crucified for You" writing that "The following section of Paul’s letter (1 Cor 1:18–2:5) takes up this emphasis on the vanity of self-promotion through rhetoric and wisdom achievement without the cross and expands on its fallacies from several angles. (1 Corinthians) Paul Apple entitles 1:18-25 "The Word of the Cross - True Power and Wisdom." - Man pridefully asserts his own supposed strength and exalts his own worldly wisdom. He tries to formulate a religion where he can call the shots and approach God on his own terms. He imagines that he can control his own destiny and he relies on sophisticated rhetoric to conceal the lack of substance in his philosophic argumentations. But the message of the cross - the simple historical truth of Christ crucified - is the only message that can deliver sinful man from his lost condition of alienation from a Holy God. The unsaved will continue to mock at the humiliation of the cross as symbolizing only weakness and foolishness. But to those who believe the message of Christ crucified speaks of the power and wisdom of God. (1 Corinthians Commentary) Ray Stedman entitles 1 Cor 1:18-25 as "God's Nonsense." He adds that "These Christians at Corinth were quarreling over what Paul calls "the wisdom of words," and their quarrelings and divisions were sabotaging the impact of this church upon the city so that much of what had started out with tremendous power was beginning to fade away because of the divisions within the congregation. Now, the cure to such divisiveness and dissension, Paul says, is the gospel. We usually think of the gospel as something that non-Christians need to hear, but the New Testament makes very clear to us that it is Christians who need to understand the gospel. Believing the gospel is not only the means by which you become a Christian, it is the means by which you are delivered in your Christian life from all the causes of disagreements, factions, dissensions and pressures of lust, etc." (1 Corinthians 1:18-25 God's Nonsense) Repelling and Compelling - The cross of Christ is both repelling and compelling. The idea that Jesus died on a cross for our sins is “intellectually contemptible and morally outrageous.” --Oxford professor and philosopher Sir Alfred Ayer, MacArthur sums up 1 Cor 1:18-25 - It is a contrast between the foolishness of men, which they think is wisdom, and the wisdom of God, which they think is foolishness....That God would take human form, be crucified, and raised in order to provide for man’s forgiveness of sin and entrance into heaven is an idea far too simple, foolish, and humbling for the natural man to accept. That one man (even the Son of God) could die on a piece of wood on a nondescript hill in a nondescript part of the world and thereby determine the destiny of every person who has ever lived seems stupid. It allows no place for man’s merit, man’s attainment, man’s understanding, or man’s pride. (1 Corinthians MacArthur New Testament Commentary) Brian Bell - An eminent professor of theology said to his students in his seminary class, “Gentlemen, I ask you to remember that you are called upon to know something of the foolishness of preaching, not the preaching of foolishness.” But he’s wrong. The word of the cross is foolishness...to those who are perishing. It stands in contradiction to all the philosophy, education, & knowledge of this world, for the preaching of the cross puts the sentence of death upon them all. Christianity neither flatters human beings nor presents God in an easily palatable form. Who would have ever expect or invent: a crucified Messiah and a crucified self as the way to everlasting life? The story does sound crazy/foolish. It does! (be honest haven’t you ever heard yourself & thought...this IS weird!) (I Corinthians 1:18-31 Sophia Meets Jesus) Arnold has an excellent background introduction to 1 Cor 1:18ff - The Corinthian church was torn into pieces by division within its own ranks. They were following men. Some followed Paul, glorying in their Gentile liberty. Others followed Apollos, who was the epitome of the Hellenistic intellectual culture. Others followed Peter (Cephas), who liked a traditional Jewish approach to Christianity. Then there were those who were super-pious, an exclusive party who claimed to be followers of Christ only. The problem at Corinth was that the Christians were impressed with the wisdom of men. The church was quarreling over what Paul called the “words of human wisdom” (I Cor. 1:17). They found it particularly stimulating to enter into debates about all kinds of theories and speculations centered around certain dynamic personalities. When people began to glory in human wisdom, they began to glory in leaders, and when they began to glory in leaders, there were divisions (schisms) within the church. They were exalting leaders because they were playing intellectual games which always leads to pride. In 1 Corinthians 1:10-17, Paul established the fact that there were divisions at Corinth. In 1 Corinthians 1:18-3:21, Paul deals with the causes of those divisions.... (HE ADDS) In 1:18-25, Paul shows that human wisdom and worldly reason have absolutely no place in the salvation of a person’s soul. Paul does not play down the place of the intellect if it is used in a Christian context, but his premise is that worldly wisdom has no place in Christian salvation because the message of the Cross is a divine revelation. For the unsaved man, the gospel is foolishness, stupid, nonsense, absurd and moronic, but for the Christian touched by the sovereign grace of God, it is God’s power for salvation.(1 Corinthians 1:17-24 The Foolishness Of The Cross) They are nailed to the cross, they are nailed to the cross! O how much He was willing to bear. With what anguish and loss, Jesus went to the cross, But He carried my sins with Him there. —Breck Alan Redpath - In this significant epistle you will find that Paul constantly brings his hearers back to the cross. He is convinced that the answer in each controversy and to every failure, as well as all hope for the future, is “the word of the cross.” Wiersbe makes an interesting point - The mention of the cross in 1 Corinthians 1:17 introduced this long section on the power of the Gospel versus the weakness of man’s wisdom. It is interesting to see how Paul approached this problem of division in the church. First, he pointed to the unity of Christ: there is one Saviour and one body. Then he reminded them of their baptism, a picture of their spiritual baptism into Christ’s body (1 Cor. 12:13). Then he took them to the cross. (The Wiersbe Bible Commentary)

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Wuest - For it has been written and is at present on record, I will destroy the wisdom of those who are wise, and the discernment of those who have the ability to discern I will frustrate. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written, "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and I will thwart the cleverness of the intelligent." NLT 1 Corinthians 1:19 As the Scriptures say, "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise and discard the intelligence of the intelligent." ESV 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written, "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the discernment of the discerning I will thwart." NIV 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written: "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise; the intelligence of the intelligent I will frustrate." GNT 1 Corinthians 1:19 γέγραπται γάρ, Ἀπολῶ τὴν σοφίαν τῶν σοφῶν καὶ τὴν σύνεσιν τῶν συνετῶν ἀθετήσω. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:19 for it hath been written, 'I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the intelligence of the intelligent I will bring to nought;' ASV 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, And the discernment of the discerning will I bring to nought. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written: I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and I will set aside the understanding of the experts. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written: "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, And bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent." NRS 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written, "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the discernment of the discerning I will thwart." NAB 1 Corinthians 1:19 For it is written: "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the learning of the learned I will set aside." NJB 1 Corinthians 1:19 As scripture says: I am going to destroy the wisdom of the wise and bring to nothing the understanding of any who understand. 1Co 3:19 Job 5:12,13 Isa 19:3,11 Isa 29:14 Jer 8:9 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Isaiah 29:14 Therefore behold, I will once again deal marvelously with this people, wondrously marvelous; And the wisdom of their wise men will perish (NOTE WHERE THEIR HEARTS WERE - Isa 29:13 quoted in Mk 7:6-7+), And the discernment of their discerning men will be concealed.” Comment by Larry Walker on Isaiah 29:14 - Their leaders made plans without consulting God (ED; HUMAN WISDOM), because in their eyes human wisdom seemed sufficient. Only true worship produces wisdom; false worship destroys it. When wisdom and understanding are missing from a people, they become fools. So God will “astound these hypocrites with amazing wonders” of punishment and reveal that “the intelligence of the intelligent will disappear” (Isa 29:14), a passage quoted by Paul in 1 Corinthians 1:19. (Cornerstone Bible Commentary) Graham Ogden - In this verse God gives his reaction to the insincere worship of His people. With the word behold he tells them to pay close attention to what He will do. Do marvelous things, wonderful, and marvelous render the same Hebrew root. This repetition in such a short sentence makes the Hebrew text very emphatic. The Hebrew root here normally refers to extraordinary things God does for the benefit of His people. However, in this context of punishment, God uses it sarcastically.... Revised English Bible is more explicit with “I shall shock this people yet again, adding shock to shock,” And the wisdom of their wise men shall perish is the outcome of the shocking things Yahweh will do. The wise people in Judah will lose their wisdom....Those who are discerning will lose their ability to do so. *(UBS - Handbook on Isaiah) S. Lewis

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Wuest - Where is a philosopher, skilled in letters, cultivated, learned? Where is a man learned in the sacred scriptures? Where is a learned sophist of this age, fallacious reasoner that he is? Did not God prove foolish the wisdom of this world system? (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the wise man? Where is the expert in the Mosaic law? Where is the debater of this age? Has God not made the wisdom of the world foolish? NLT 1 Corinthians 1:20 So where does this leave the philosophers, the scholars, and the world's brilliant debaters? God has made the wisdom of this world look foolish. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the one who is wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? NIV 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the wise man? Where is the scholar? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? GNT 1 Corinthians 1:20 ποῦ σοφός; ποῦ γραμματεύς; ποῦ συζητητὴς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου; οὐχὶ ἐμώρανεν ὁ θεὸς τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ κόσμου; KJV 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world? YLT 1 Corinthians 1:20 where is the wise? where the scribe? where a disputer of this age? did not God make foolish the wisdom of this world? ASV 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? CSB 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the philosopher? Where is the scholar? Where is the debater of this age? Hasn't God made the world's wisdom foolish? NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the disputer of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of this world? NRS 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the one who is wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? NAB 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the wise one? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made the wisdom of the world foolish? NJB 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where are the philosophers? Where are the experts? And where are the debaters of this age? Do you not see how God has shown up human wisdom as folly? GWN 1 Corinthians 1:20 Where is the wise person? Where is the scholar? Where is the persuasive speaker of our time? Hasn't God turned the wisdom of the world into nonsense? the wise: Isa 33:18 53:1 Has not: 1Co 1:19 2Sa 15:31 16:23 17:14,23 Job 12:17,20,24 Isa 44:25 Ro 1:22 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Personification of Wisdom at Library of Celsus in Ephesus THE IMPERMANENCE OF HUMAN WISDOM The statue of the goddess Sophia will one day crumble, when the wisdom of God personified in the Stone (Christ Jesus) finally and forever crushes all of man's wisdom, power and pride. Have you fallen on (believed in) the Stone, for if not, one day the Stone will fall on you! “You continued looking until a STONE was cut out without hands, and it struck the statue on its feet of iron and clay and crushed them. Then the iron, the clay, the bronze, the silver and the gold were crushed all at the same time and became like chaff from the summer threshing floors; and the wind carried them away so that not a trace of them was found. But the STONE that struck the statue became a great mountain and filled the whole earth. (Daniel 2:34-35+) NLT paraphrases it "So where does this leave the philosophers, the scholars, and the world's brilliant debaters? God has made the wisdom of this world look foolish." (1Co 1:20NLT) Where is repeated to introduce three rhetorical questions all expecting a negative response. Human Wisdom Cannot Refute the Wisdom of God. Alan

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Wuest - For, in view of the fact that, in the wisdom of God, the world system through its wisdom did not come to have an experiential knowledge of God, God saw fit through the aforementioned foolishness of the previously alluded-to proclamation to save those who believe, (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:21 For since in the wisdom of God the world by its wisdom did not know God, God was pleased to save those who believe by the foolishness of preaching. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:21 Since God in his wisdom saw to it that the world would never know him through human wisdom, he has used our foolish preaching to save those who believe. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:21 For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:21 For since in the wisdom of God the world through its wisdom did not know him, God was pleased through the foolishness of what was preached to save those who believe. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:21 ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐν τῇ σοφίᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐκ ἔγνω ὁ κόσμος διὰ τῆς σοφίας τὸν θεόν, εὐδόκησεν ὁ θεὸς διὰ τῆς μωρίας τοῦ κηρύγματος σῶσαι τοὺς πιστεύοντας· KJV 1 Corinthians 1:21 For after that in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:21 for, seeing in the wisdom of God the world through the wisdom knew not God, it did please God through the foolishness of the preaching to save those believing. ASV 1 Corinthians 1:21 For seeing that in the wisdom of God the world through its wisdom knew not God, it was God's good pleasure through the foolishness of the preaching to save them that believe. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:21 For since, in God's wisdom, the world did not know God through wisdom, God was pleased to save those who believe through the foolishness of the message preached. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:21 For since, in the wisdom of God, the world through wisdom did not know God, it pleased God through the foolishness of the message preached to save those who believe. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:21 For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, God decided, through the foolishness of our proclamation, to save those who believe. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:21 For since in the wisdom of God the world did not come to know God through wisdom, it was the will of God through the foolishness of the proclamation to save those who have faith. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:21 Since in the wisdom of God the world was unable to recognise God through wisdom, it was God's own pleasure to save believers through the folly of the gospel. in : 1Co 1:24 Da 2:20 Ro 11:33 Eph 3:10 God the world: Mt 11:25 Lu 10:21 Ro 1:20-22,28 the foolishness: 1Co 1:18 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Daniel 2:20+ Daniel said, “Let the name of God be blessed forever and ever, For wisdom and power belong to Him. Romans 11:33+ Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and unfathomable His ways! GOD'S GOOD PLEASURE PROCLAMATION OF A FOOLISH MESSAGE

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Wuest - for, both, Jews are constantly demanding an attesting miracle and Greeks are constantly searching for wisdom. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:22 For Jews demand miraculous signs and Greeks ask for wisdom, NLT 1 Corinthians 1:22 It is foolish to the Jews, who ask for signs from heaven. And it is foolish to the Greeks, who seek human wisdom. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:22 For Jews demand signs and Greeks seek wisdom, NIV 1 Corinthians 1:22 Jews demand miraculous signs and Greeks look for wisdom, GNT 1 Corinthians 1:22 ἐπειδὴ καὶ Ἰουδαῖοι σημεῖα αἰτοῦσιν καὶ Ἕλληνες σοφίαν ζητοῦσιν, KJV 1 Corinthians 1:22 For the Jews require a sign, and the Greeks seek after wisdom: YLT 1 Corinthians 1:22 Since also Jews ask a sign, and Greeks seek wisdom, ASV 1 Corinthians 1:22 Seeing that Jews ask for signs, and Greeks seek after wisdom: CSB 1 Corinthians 1:22 For the Jews ask for signs and the Greeks seek wisdom, NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:22 For Jews request a sign, and Greeks seek after wisdom; NRS 1 Corinthians 1:22 For Jews demand signs and Greeks desire wisdom, NAB 1 Corinthians 1:22 For Jews demand signs and Greeks look for wisdom, NJB 1 Corinthians 1:22 While the Jews demand miracles and the Greeks look for wisdom, GWN 1 Corinthians 1:22 Jews ask for miraculous signs, and Greeks look for wisdom, Jews: Mt 12:38,39 16:1-4 Mk 8:11 Lu 11:16,20 Joh 2:18 4:28 Greeks: Ac 17:18-21 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries TWO GROUPS REPRESENTING ALL UNBELIEVING MANKIND Paul encompasses all of humanity in these two terms, Jews and Greeks, the latter being all people who were not Jew. John

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Wuest - But as for us, we are proclaiming a Christ, one who has been crucified; to Jews, on the one hand, an offense, to Greeks, on the other hand, folly, (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we preach about a crucified Christ, a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:23 So when we preach that Christ was crucified, the Jews are offended and the Gentiles say it's all nonsense. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we preach Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and folly to Gentiles, NIV 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we preach Christ crucified: a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, GNT 1 Corinthians 1:23 ἡμεῖς δὲ κηρύσσομεν Χριστὸν ἐσταυρωμένον, Ἰουδαίοις μὲν σκάνδαλον, ἔθνεσιν δὲ μωρίαν, KJV 1 Corinthians 1:23 But we preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumblingblock, and unto the Greeks foolishness; YLT 1 Corinthians 1:23 also we -- we preach Christ crucified, to Jews, indeed, a stumbling-block, and to Greeks foolishness, ASV 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we preach Christ crucified, unto Jews a stumblingblock, and unto Gentiles foolishness; CSB 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we preach Christ crucified, a stumbling block to the Jews and foolishness to the Gentiles. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we preach Christ crucified, to the Jews a stumbling block and to the Greeks foolishness, NRS 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we proclaim Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, NAB 1 Corinthians 1:23 but we proclaim Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, NJB 1 Corinthians 1:23 we are preaching a crucified Christ: to the Jews an obstacle they cannot get over, to the gentiles foolishness, GWN 1 Corinthians 1:23 but our message is that Christ was crucified. This offends Jewish people and makes no sense to people who are not Jewish. we preach: 1Co 1:18 2:2 Lu 24:46,47 Ac 7:32-35 10:39-43 2Co 4:5 Ga 3:1 6:14 Eph 3:8 to Jews Isa 8:14,15 Mt 11:6 13:57 Lu 2:34 Joh 6:53-66 Ro 9:32-33 Ga 5:11 1Pe 2:8 foolishness: 1Co 1:28 2:14 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Romans 9:32-33+ Why? Because they did not pursue it by faith, but as though it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone, 33 just as it is written, “BEHOLD, I LAY IN ZION A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE (skandalon), AND HE WHO BELIEVES IN HIM WILL NOT BE DISAPPOINTED.” Romans 11:9+ And David says, “LET THEIR TABLE BECOME A SNARE AND A TRAP, AND A STUMBLING BLOCK (skandalon) AND A RETRIBUTION TO THEM. Galatians 5:11+ But I, brethren, if I still preach circumcision, why am I still persecuted? Then the stumbling block (skandalon) of the cross has been abolished. 1 Peter 2:8+ - and, "A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE (skandalon)"; for they stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this doom they were also appointed Deuteronomy 21:23 His corpse shall not hang all night on the tree (Lxx = xulon used by Peter for "cross" in 1 Pe 2:24+), but you shall surely bury him on the same day (for he who is hanged is accursed of God), so that you do not defile your land which the LORD your God gives you as an inheritance. Galatians 3:13+ Christ redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse for us–for it is written, “CURSED IS EVERYONE WHO HANGS ON A TREE”– THE CRUX: PROCLAMATION OF CHRIST CRUCIFIED The word crux denotes a cross and means the crucial point, the vital truth, the central or critical point, the heart, the core, the essence. As

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Wuest - but to those themselves who have been divinely summoned into salvation, both Jews and Greeks, Christ, God’s power and God’s wisdom, (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:24 But to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:24 But to those called by God to salvation, both Jews and Gentiles, Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:24 but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:24 but to those whom God has called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:24 αὐτοῖς δὲ τοῖς κλητοῖς, Ἰουδαίοις τε καὶ Ἕλλησιν, Χριστὸν θεοῦ δύναμιν καὶ θεοῦ σοφίαν· KJV 1 Corinthians 1:24 But unto them which are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:24 and to those called -- both Jews and Greeks -- Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God, ASV 1 Corinthians 1:24 but unto them that are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:24 Yet to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ is God's power and God's wisdom, NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:24 but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:24 but to those who are the called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:24 but to those who are called, Jews and Greeks alike, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:24 but to those who have been called, whether they are Jews or Greeks, a Christ who is both the power of God and the wisdom of God. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:24 But to those Jews and Greeks who are called, he is Christ, God's power and God's wisdom. the called: 1Co 1:2,9 Lu 7:35 Ro 8:28-30 9:24 the power: 1Co 1:18 Ro 1:4,16 the wisdom: 1Co 1:30 Pr 8:1,22-30 Col 2:3 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 1 Corinthians 1:2 To the church of God which is at Corinth, to those who have been sanctified in Christ Jesus, saints by calling, with all who in every place call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, their Lord and ours: 1 Corinthians 1:9 God is faithful, through whom you were called into fellowship with His Son, Jesus Christ our Lord. Romans 8:30+ and these whom He predestined, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified (DECLARED RIGHTEOUS); and these whom He justified, He also glorified (NOTE:FUTURE GLORIFICATION SO SURE THAT PAUL DESCRIBES IT IN THE PAST TENSE AS IF ALREADY ACCOMPLISHED!). 2 Th 2:13-14+ But we should always give thanks to God for you, brethren beloved by the Lord, because God has chosen you from the beginning for salvation through sanctification by the Spirit and faith in the truth (WHAT IS THE TRUTH IN CONTEXT? THE GOSPEL). 14 It was for this He called you (HOW WERE THEY CALLED?) through our gospel, (WHY WERE THEY CALLED?) that you may gain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ. THE CALLED RECEIVE THE GOSPEL AS POWER AND WISDOM

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Wuest - because that aforementioned folly of God is wiser than men and that aforementioned weakness of God is stronger than men. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:25 For the foolishness of God is wiser than human wisdom, and the weakness of God is stronger than human strength. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:25 This foolish plan of God is wiser than the wisest of human plans, and God's weakness is stronger than the greatest of human strength. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:25 For the foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:25 For the foolishness of God is wiser than man's wisdom, and the weakness of God is stronger than man's strength. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:25 ὅτι τὸ μωρὸν τοῦ θεοῦ σοφώτερον τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐστὶν καὶ τὸ ἀσθενὲς τοῦ θεοῦ ἰσχυρότερον τῶν ἀνθρώπων. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:25 Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:25 because the foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:25 Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:25 because God's foolishness is wiser than human wisdom, and God's weakness is stronger than human strength. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:25 Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:25 For God's foolishness is wiser than human wisdom, and God's weakness is stronger than human strength. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:25 For the foolishness of God is wiser than human wisdom, and the weakness of God is stronger than human strength. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:25 God's folly is wiser than human wisdom, and God's weakness is stronger than human strength. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:25 God's nonsense is wiser than human wisdom, and God's weakness is stronger than human strength. the foolishness: 1Co 1:18,27-29 Ex 13:17 14:2-4 Jos 6:2-5 Jud 7:2-8 15:15,16 1Sa 17:40-51 1Ki 20:14-22 Zec 4:6,7 12:7,8 Ro 11:33-36 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Isaiah 55:8-9 For My thoughts are not your thoughts, Nor are your ways My ways,” declares the LORD. “For as the heavens are higher than the earth, So are My ways higher than your ways And My thoughts than your thoughts. THE PARADOXES OF GOD A paradox is defined as a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement that is actually true. It is a statement that contradicts itself. In the Bible spiritual paradoxes abound and confound the secular unsaved mind. In fact the wise of this world consider believers to be fools for Christ's sake. Because the foolishness (literally "the foolish thing" - see Morris' note below) of God (cf wisdom of God in v24) is wiser than men - (Wuest) - "because that aforementioned folly of God." NLT = "This foolish plan of God." Of course God is not foolish, but to the spiritually deaf and dumb natural man the Cross appears absolutely absurd. In a sense, the world and it's wisdom are what are absurd to God and are "upside down." When the Cross is proclaimed it turns the world's wisdom right side up (so to speak) for those who have ears to hear (aka "the called"). Leon

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Wuest - For, take a good look at your divine summons [into salvation], brethren, that not many wise men according to human standards, not many men of dignity and power, not many who are of royal or aristocratic lineage are given that divine summons [into salvation], (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:26 Think about the circumstances of your call, brothers and sisters. Not many were wise by human standards, not many were powerful, not many were born to a privileged position. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:26 Remember, dear brothers and sisters, that few of you were wise in the world's eyes or powerful or wealthy when God called you. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:26 For consider your calling, brothers: not many of you were wise according to worldly standards, not many were powerful, not many were of noble birth. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:26 Brothers, think of what you were when you were called. Not many of you were wise by human standards; not many were influential; not many were of noble birth. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:26 Βλέπετε γὰρ τὴν κλῆσιν ὑμῶν, ἀδελφοί, ὅτι οὐ πολλοὶ σοφοὶ κατὰ σάρκα, οὐ πολλοὶ δυνατοί, οὐ πολλοὶ εὐγενεῖς· KJV 1 Corinthians 1:26 For ye see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called: YLT 1 Corinthians 1:26 for see your calling, brethren, that not many are wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:26 For behold your calling, brethren, that not many wise after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called: CSB 1 Corinthians 1:26 Brothers, consider your calling: Not many are wise from a human perspective, not many powerful, not many of noble birth. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:26 For you see your calling, brethren, that not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:26 Consider your own call, brothers and sisters: not many of you were wise by human standards, not many were powerful, not many were of noble birth. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:26 Consider your own calling, brothers. Not many of you were wise by human standards, not many were powerful, not many were of noble birth. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:26 Consider, brothers, how you were called; not many of you are wise by human standards, not many influential, not many from noble families. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:26 Brothers and sisters, consider what you were when God called you to be Christians. Not many of you were wise from a human point of view. You were not in powerful positions or in the upper social classes. that: 1Co 1:20 2:3-6,13 3:18-20 Zep 3:12 Mt 11:25-26 Lu 10:21 Joh 7:47-49 Jas 3:13-17 not many mighty: Lu 1:3 Lu 18:24,25 Joh 4:46-53 19:38,39 Ac 13:7,12 Acts 17:34 Php 4:22 Jas 1:9-11 James 2:5 2Jn 1:1 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: Matthew 11:25-26+ At that time Jesus said, “I praise You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that You have hidden these things from the wise and intelligent and have revealed them to infants. 26“Yes, Father, for this way was well-pleasing in Your sight. James 2:5+ Listen, my beloved brethren: did not God choose the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom which He promised to those who love Him? NOT MANY OF YOU CORINTHIANS ARE "GREAT"

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Wuest - but God selected out for himself those individuals among the world of sinners characterized by the aforementioned foolishness, in order that He might put to confusion those who are wise. And those individuals among the world of sinners, characterized by weakness, God selected out for himself, in order that He might put to confusion those who are characterized by strength. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:27 But God chose what the world thinks foolish to shame the wise, and God chose what the world thinks weak to shame the strong. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:27 Instead, God chose things the world considers foolish in order to shame those who think they are wise. And he chose things that are powerless to shame those who are powerful. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:27 But God chose what is foolish in the world to shame the wise; God chose what is weak in the world to shame the strong; NIV 1 Corinthians 1:27 But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:27 ἀλλὰ τὰ μωρὰ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεός, ἵνα καταισχύνῃ τοὺς σοφούς, καὶ τὰ ἀσθενῆ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεός, ἵνα καταισχύνῃ τὰ ἰσχυρά, KJV 1 Corinthians 1:27 But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty; YLT 1 Corinthians 1:27 but the foolish things of the world did God choose, that the wise He may put to shame; and the weak things of the world did God choose that He may put to shame the strong; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:27 but God chose the foolish things of the world, that he might put to shame them that are wise; and God chose the weak things of the world, that he might put to shame the things that are strong; CSB 1 Corinthians 1:27 Instead, God has chosen what is foolish in the world to shame the wise, and God has chosen what is weak in the world to shame the strong. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:27 But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to put to shame the things which are mighty; NRS 1 Corinthians 1:27 But God chose what is foolish in the world to shame the wise; God chose what is weak in the world to shame the strong; NAB 1 Corinthians 1:27 Rather, God chose the foolish of the world to shame the wise, and God chose the weak of the world to shame the strong, NJB 1 Corinthians 1:27 No, God chose those who by human standards are fools to shame the wise; he chose those who by human standards are weak to shame the strong, GWN 1 Corinthians 1:27 But God chose what the world considers nonsense to put wise people to shame. God chose what the world considers weak to put what is strong to shame. Ps 8:2 Isa 26:5,6 29:14,19 Zep 3:12 Mt 4:18-22 9:9 11:25 Mt 21:16 Lu 19:39,40 21:15 Ac 4:11-21 6:9,10 7:35,54 17:18 Ac 24:24,25 2Co 4:7 10:4,5,10 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 1 Cor 3:18 Let no man deceive himself. If any man among you thinks that he is wise in this age, he must become foolish, so that he may become wise. Ephesians 1:4+ just as He chose (eklego) us in Him (CHRIST) before the foundation of the world, that we would be holy and blameless before Him. In love GOD'S CHOSEN: FOOLISH AND WEAK Do you feel insignificant? Then "great," for you are in a good place to join God is His grand work. All He asks is that you believe in His Son and He will make you His masterpiece! (Eph 2:10+). As Ray

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Wuest - And those individuals among the world of sinners, who are not of royal or noble ancestry but belong to the common people and those who are utterly despised, God selected out for himself, the aforementioned classes of individuals looked upon as nonentities, in order that He might deprive of force, influence, and power those who think themselves to be somewhat, (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:28 God chose what is low and despised in the world, what is regarded as nothing, to set aside what is regarded as something, NLT 1 Corinthians 1:28 God chose things despised by the world, things counted as nothing at all, and used them to bring to nothing what the world considers important. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:28 God chose what is low and despised in the world, even things that are not, to bring to nothing things that are, NIV 1 Corinthians 1:28 He chose the lowly things of this world and the despised things--and the things that are not--to nullify the things that are, GNT 1 Corinthians 1:28 καὶ τὰ ἀγενῆ τοῦ κόσμου καὶ τὰ ἐξουθενημένα ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεός, τὰ μὴ ὄντα, ἵνα τὰ ὄντα καταργήσῃ, KJV 1 Corinthians 1:28 And base things of the world, and things which are despised, hath God chosen, yea, and things which are not, to bring to nought things that are: YLT 1 Corinthians 1:28 and the base things of the world, and the things despised did God choose, and the things that are not, that the things that are He may make useless -- ASV 1 Corinthians 1:28 and the base things of the world, and the things that are despised, did God choose, yea and the things that are not, that he might bring to nought the things that are: CSB 1 Corinthians 1:28 God has chosen what is insignificant and despised in the world-- what is viewed as nothing-- to bring to nothing what is viewed as something, NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:28 and the base things of the world and the things which are despised God has chosen, and the things which are not, to bring to nothing the things that are, NRS 1 Corinthians 1:28 God chose what is low and despised in the world, things that are not, to reduce to nothing things that are, NAB 1 Corinthians 1:28 and God chose the lowly and despised of the world, those who count for nothing, to reduce to nothing those who are something, NJB 1 Corinthians 1:28 those who by human standards are common and contemptible -- indeed those who count for nothing -- to reduce to nothing all those that do count for something, GWN 1 Corinthians 1:28 God chose what the world considers ordinary and what it despises-what it considers to be nothing-in order to destroy what it considers to be something. the base things: Ro 4:17 2Co 12:11 1Co 2:6 De 28:63 Job 34:19,20,24 Ps 32:10 37:35,36 Isa 2:11,17 Isa 17:13,14 37:36 41:12 Da 2:34,35,44,45 Rev 18:17 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE ANTITHESIS OF THE WISE, MIGHTY, AND NOBLE And the base things of the world (kosmos) - TEV = “what the world looks down on and despises”; NJB = “those who by human standards are common and contemptible" Base (agenes - only here in NT) is the opposite of noble in 1 Cor 1:26 and means literally not born into a noble family, thus lowborn, insignificant, inferior, looked upon by the world as "non-existent!" It describes a person not born with a silver spoon in their mouth, one who is without a lofty pedigree. These are the dregs of society, the lowly, the insignificant in the eyes of men, but not in the eyes of God (cf 1 Sa 16:7)! One thinks of the sad caste system in India, where the lowest castes are truly viewed as worthless, as scum, as nothings. And not surprisingly, the most receptive to the Gospel are those in the lower castes (see story of the "untouchables" the Dalits! Watch this heart-rending video on the Untouchable Dalits!)

1 Coríntios 1

Wuest - to the end that humanity may not in a single instance boast in His presence. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:29 so that no one can boast in his presence. NLT 1 Corinthians 1:29 As a result, no one can ever boast in the presence of God. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:29 so that no human being might boast in the presence of God. NIV 1 Corinthians 1:29 so that no one may boast before him. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:29 ὅπως μὴ καυχήσηται πᾶσα σὰρξ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θεοῦ. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:29 That no flesh should glory in his presence. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:29 that no flesh may glory before Him; ASV 1 Corinthians 1:29 that no flesh should glory before God. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:29 so that no one can boast in His presence. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:29 that no flesh should glory in His presence. NRS 1 Corinthians 1:29 so that no one might boast in the presence of God. NAB 1 Corinthians 1:29 so that no human being might boast before God. NJB 1 Corinthians 1:29 so that no human being might feel boastful before God. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:29 As a result, no one can brag in God's presence. BBE 1 Corinthians 1:29 So that no flesh might have glory before God. 1Co 1:31 4:7 5:6 Ps 49:6 Isa 10:15 Jer 9:23 Ro 3:19,27 4:2 15:17 Eph 2:9 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: Jeremiah 9:23-24 (alluded to here, but quoted in 1 Cor 1:31) - Thus says the LORD, “Let not a wise man boast of his wisdom, and let not the mighty man boast of his might, let not a rich man boast of his riches; 24 but let him who boasts boast of this, that he understands and knows Me, that I am the LORD who exercises lovingkindness, justice and righteousness on earth; for I delight in these things,” declares the LORD. GOD CONFOUNDS THE BOASTFUL PRIDE OF MEN so that - Term of purpose. Purpose of God's choosing the lowliest, most humiliated, and least esteemed of humanity.

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Wuest - But as for you, out from Him as a source are you in Christ Jesus who became wisdom for us from God, both righteousness and sanctification and redemption, (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:30 He is the reason you have a relationship with Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification and redemption, NLT 1 Corinthians 1:30 God has united you with Christ Jesus. For our benefit God made him to be wisdom itself. Christ made us right with God; he made us pure and holy, and he freed us from sin. ESV 1 Corinthians 1:30 And because of him you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption, NIV 1 Corinthians 1:30 It is because of him that you are in Christ Jesus, who has become for us wisdom from God--that is, our righteousness, holiness and redemption. GNT 1 Corinthians 1:30 ἐξ αὐτοῦ δὲ ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ὃς ἐγενήθη σοφία ἡμῖν ἀπὸ θεοῦ, δικαιοσύνη τε καὶ ἁγιασμὸς καὶ ἀπολύτρωσις, KJV 1 Corinthians 1:30 But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption: YLT 1 Corinthians 1:30 and of Him ye -- ye are in Christ Jesus, who became to us from God wisdom, righteousness also, and sanctification, and redemption, ASV 1 Corinthians 1:30 But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who was made unto us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification, and redemption: CSB 1 Corinthians 1:30 But it is from Him that you are in Christ Jesus, who became God-given wisdom for us-- our righteousness, sanctification, and redemption, NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:30 But of Him you are in Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God-- and righteousness and sanctification and redemption-- NRS 1 Corinthians 1:30 He is the source of your life in Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification and redemption, NAB 1 Corinthians 1:30 It is due to him that you are in Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God, as well as righteousness, sanctification, and redemption, NJB 1 Corinthians 1:30 It is by him that you exist in Christ Jesus, who for us was made wisdom from God, and saving justice and holiness and redemption. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:30 You are partners with Christ Jesus because of God. Jesus has become our wisdom sent from God, our righteousness, our holiness, and our ransom from sin. in: 1Co 12:18,27 Isa 45:17 Joh 15:1-6 17:21-23 Ro 8:1 12:5 16:7,11 2Co 5:17 12:2 Eph 1:3,4,10 2:10 God: Ro 11:36 2Co 5:18-21 wisdom: 1Co 1:24 12:8 Pr 1:20 2:6 8:5 Da 2:20 Lu 21:15 Joh 1:18 8:12 14:6 Joh 17:8,26 2Co 4:6 Eph 1:17-19 3:9,10 Col 2:2,3 3:16 2Ti 3:15-17 Jas 1:5 righteousness: Ps 71:15,16 Isa 45:24,25 54:17 Jer 23:5,6 33:16 Da 9:24 Ro 1:17 Ro 3:21-24 4:6,25 5:19,21 2Co 5:21 Php 3:9 2Pe 1:1 sanctification: 1Co 1:2 6:11 Mt 1:21 Joh 17:17-19 Ac 26:18 Ro 8:9 Ga 5:22-24 Eph 2:10 5:26 1Pe 1:2 1Jn 5:6 redemption: 1Co 15:54-57 Ho 13:14 Ro 3:24 8:23 Ga 1:4 3:13 Eph 1:7 4:30 Col 1:14 Titus 2:14 Heb 9:12 1Pe 1:18,19 Rev 5:9, 14:4 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages Ephesians 2:4-5, 8-9+ But God, being rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us, 5 even when we were dead in our transgressions, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), (2:8-9) For by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; 9 not as a result of works, so that no one may boast. Romans 11:33-36+ Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and unfathomable His ways! 34 For WHO HAS KNOWN THE MIND OF THE LORD, OR WHO BECAME HIS COUNSELOR? 35Or WHO HAS FIRST GIVEN TO HIM THAT IT MIGHT BE PAID BACK TO HIM AGAIN? 36 For from Him and through Him and to Him are all things. To Him be the glory forever. Amen. Ephesians 1:17-19+ (I PRAY) that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give to you a spirit (or Spirit) of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of Him. 18 I pray that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened (PERFECT TENSE SO COULD READ "YOUR HEART HAVING BEEN ENLIGHTENED IN THE PAST"), so that you will know (GREEK VERB = BEYOND A SHADOW OF A DOUBT) what is the hope of His calling, what are the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints, 19 and what is the surpassing greatness of His power toward us who believe. These are in accordance with the working of the strength of His might (NOTE IT TAKES PAUL 4 GREEK WORDS ON POWER TO DESCRIBE THE INDESCRIBABLE SURPASSING GREATNESS!) Romans 1:17+ For in it (Ro 1:16+) the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, “BUT THE RIGHTEOUS man SHALL LIVE BY FAITH.” Colossians 1:14+ in Whom we have redemption (apolutrosis), the forgiveness (aphesis) of sins. Titus 2:14+ Who (WHO IS THIS?) gave Himself for (HUPER = IN OUR PLACE = SUBSTITUTION) us to redeem (lutroo) us from (apo - OUT OF) every (HOW MANY?) lawless deed, and to purify for Himself a people for His own possession (WHOSE ARE WE?), zealous for good deeds (WHY ARE WE HIS?). Revelation 5:9+ And they sang a new song, saying, “Worthy are You to take the book and to break its seals; for You were slain, and purchased (agorazo) for God with Your blood (1Pe 1:18,19+) men from every tribe and tongue and people and nation (see Rev 7:9+). SALVATION IS GOD'S DOING FROM START TO FINISH But by His doing you are in Christ Jesus - By His doing is literally "out of Him." You refers to the saints at Corinth. Paul wants them to understand that their status as the called, the chosen, the set apart in Christ Jesus (1Cor 1:1-2) has nothing to do with who they were, what they did, etc. They were in Christ Jesus because God willed that they be chosen and called to salvation. That puts a lid on any and all boasting. They had absolutely nothing to boast about in regard to their salvation. Jonah was correct when he said "Salvation is from the Lord." (Jonah 2:9). If it is by His doing "I will not boast in anything...except Him!" How Deep The Father's Love (Play this version sung with an angelic voice) How deep the Father's love for us How vast beyond all measure That He should give His only Son To make a wretch His treasure How great the pain of searing loss The Father turns His face away As wounds which mar the Chosen One Bring many sons to glory Behold the man upon a cross My sin upon His shoulders Ashamed, I hear my mocking voice Call out among the scoffers It was my sin that held Him there Until it was accomplished His dying breath has brought me life I know that it is finished I will not boast in anything No gifts, no power, no wisdom But I will boast in Jesus Christ His death and resurrection Why should I gain from His reward? I cannot give an answer But this I know with all my heart His wounds have paid my ransom In Christ Jesus (1 Cor 1:2, 4, 30) means God supernaturally placed them into the sphere of Christ (see locative of sphere), into an eternal covenant with Him, in oneness with Him (see "Oneness of Covenant" and additional Oneness Notes), in fellowship with Him (1 Cor 1:9+), all the result of God's sovereign election and effectual calling of sinners out of the "cesspool" of Corinth and into the consecration of Christ. For more discussion of in Christ see preceding discussion of sanctified in Christ.

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Wuest - in order that even as it stands written, He who boasts, in the Lord let him be boasting. (Eerdmans Publishing) NET 1 Corinthians 1:31 so that, as it is written, "Let the one who boasts, boast in the Lord." NLT 1 Corinthians 1:31 Therefore, as the Scriptures say, "If you want to boast, boast only about the LORD." ESV 1 Corinthians 1:31 so that, as it is written, "Let the one who boasts, boast in the Lord." NIV 1 Corinthians 1:31 Therefore, as it is written: "Let him who boasts boast in the Lord." GNT 1 Corinthians 1:31 ἵνα καθὼς γέγραπται, Ὁ καυχώμενος ἐν κυρίῳ καυχάσθω. KJV 1 Corinthians 1:31 That, according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord. YLT 1 Corinthians 1:31 that, according as it hath been written, 'He who is glorying -- in the Lord let him glory.' ASV 1 Corinthians 1:31 that, according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord. CSB 1 Corinthians 1:31 in order that, as it is written: The one who boasts must boast in the Lord. NKJ 1 Corinthians 1:31 that, as it is written, "He who glories, let him glory in the LORD." NRS 1 Corinthians 1:31 in order that, as it is written, "Let the one who boasts, boast in the Lord." NAB 1 Corinthians 1:31 so that, as it is written, "Whoever boasts, should boast in the Lord." NJB 1 Corinthians 1:31 As scripture says: If anyone wants to boast, let him boast of the Lord. GWN 1 Corinthians 1:31 As Scripture says, "Whoever brags must brag about what the Lord has done." 1Ch 16:10,35 Ps 105:3 Isa 41:16 45:25 Jer 4:2 9:23,24 2Co 10:17 Ga 6:13,14 Php 3:3 *Gr: 1 Corinthians 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: Jer 9:23-24 (HOW TO BE A TRULY WISE, MIGHTY AND RICH MAN) Thus says the LORD, "Let not a wise man boast of his wisdom, and let not the mighty man boast of his might, let not a rich man boast of his riches; but let him who boasts boast of this, that he UNDERSTANDS and KNOWS Me, that I am the LORD who exercises lovingkindness, justice, and righteousness on earth; for I delight in these things,” declares the LORD. 2 Corinthians 10:17+ (PAUL QUOTES Jer 9:24 AGAIN) But HE WHO BOASTS IS TO BOAST IN THE LORD. (See and sing the hymn above to the One above!) OUR ONLY BOAST THROUGHOUT ETERNITY So that - Term of purpose. “in order that it might come to pass, work out just as” Purpose for the truths that all the previous grand attributes are found only in Christ and only as a gift of God's grace.