João 13
Kenneth Wuest · Citado em PreceptAustin
João 13
Wuest has an interesting comment that the literal meaning of "to throw through" means “to riddle one with accusations.” See also study on Satan (4567) satanas used only once in John, here in John 13:27. Diabolos - 35v - devil(34), malicious gossips(3). Matt. 4:1; Matt. 4:5; Matt. 4:8; Matt. 4:11; Matt. 13:39; Matt. 25:41; Lk. 4:2; Lk. 4:3; Lk. 4:6; Lk. 4:13; Lk. 8:12; Jn. 6:70; Jn. 8:44; Jn. 13:2; Acts 10:38; Acts 13:10; Eph. 4:27; Eph. 6:11; 1 Tim. 3:6; 1 Tim. 3:7; 1 Tim. 3:11; 2 Tim. 2:26; 2 Tim. 3:3; Tit. 2:3; Heb. 2:14; Jas. 4:7; 1 Pet. 5:8; 1 Jn. 3:8; 1 Jn. 3:10; Jude 1:9; Rev. 2:10; Rev. 12:9; Rev. 12:12; Rev. 20:2; Rev. 20:10 Put (throw, cast, thrust)(906) ballo - English "ballistics") in all its applications retains the idea of impulse (the idea of force and/or effort). The primary senses are to throw or to put. Ballo means to throw, hurl, in contrast to striking. Ballo in John - Jn. 3:24; Jn. 5:7; Jn. 8:7; Jn. 8:59; Jn. 12:6; Jn. 13:2; Jn. 13:5; Jn. 15:6; Jn. 18:11; Jn. 19:24; Jn. 20:25; Jn. 20:27; Jn. 21:6; Jn. 21:7 Heart (2588) kardia does not refer to the physical organ but is always used figuratively in Scripture to refer to the seat and center of human life. The heart is the center of the personality, and it controls the intellect, emotions, and will. No outward obedience is of the slightest value unless the heart turns to God. Kardia as stated above refers not to the physical organ (over 800 mentions and none refer to the physical organ!), but is always used figuratively to center of our personality, to so to speak to our "control center" (to make a play on the "air traffic control center" at the airport which carefully guards and guides what flies in and what flies out. How applicable to our "hearts" which are so prone to wander!). In short kardia refers to the the affective center of our being wherein lies the capacity of moral preference and volitional desire. The kardia generates thoughts that make the decisions which the mind works out. In other words, our logic flows out of our heart-decisions and not vice versa. Gleason Archer called the kardia, the "desire-producer that makes us tick" for it is the place where our "desire-decisions" occur, and which establish who we really are. WHO ARE YOU? HAVE YOU HAD A HEART CHECK UP RECENTLY? We are assiduous to do this medically, but woefully lax in doing it spiritually (beloved, I speak from experience!). At regeneration God reverses the spiritual atherosclerosis of our old sinful heart by giving us a total heart transplant! Daily confession and repentance are thereafter necessary to avoid "spiritual atherosclerosis" and gradual, subtle hardening (and becoming cold to the things of God) of our heart! (Read and practice daily "preventative maintenance" = 1 Jn 1:9+, Pr 28:13+). Kardia in John - Jn. 12:40; Jn. 13:2; Jn. 14:1; Jn. 14:27; Jn. 16:6; Jn. 16:22 Judas (2455)(Ioudas) is translated as the tribe Judah (11), the betrayer Judas and other men with this name (32), and the half brother of Jesus, Jude(1). Note that Ioudas is also translated as "good guys" also Judah(11) and Jude(1). The first is the tribe Jesus was from and the second is Jesus' half brother! Judas 42v - Judah(11), Judas(32), Jude(1). Matt. 1:2; Matt. 1:3; Matt. 2:6; Matt. 10:4; Matt. 13:55; Matt. 26:14; Matt. 26:25; Matt. 26:47; Matt. 27:3; Mk. 3:19; Mk. 6:3; Mk. 14:10; Mk. 14:43; Lk. 1:39; Lk. 3:30; Lk. 3:33; Lk. 6:16; Lk. 22:3; Lk. 22:47; Lk. 22:48; Jn. 6:71; Jn. 12:4; Jn. 13:2; Jn. 13:26; Jn. 13:29; Jn. 14:22; Jn. 18:2; Jn. 18:3; Jn. 18:5; Acts 1:13; Acts 1:16; Acts 1:25; Acts 5:37; Acts 9:11; Acts 15:22; Acts 15:27; Acts 15:32; Heb. 7:14; Heb. 8:8; Jude 1:1; Rev. 5:5; Rev. 7:5 Iscariot (2469)(iskariotes) The meaning of this word is uncertain but usually taken to refer to a place, the village of Kerioth (Josh 15:25) in southern Judea. There are 11 uses of Iscariot in the NT and most uses are associated with a description of the fact that he was a betrayer of Jesus. Even in this verse, Satan entering him indicates he will soon carry out his devilish deed. Stein on Iscariot - The latter designation probably means man (Is[h]) from [the town of] Karioth (cariot). This would make Judas a Judean and the only non-Galilean of the group.(NAC)
João 13
Wuest adds that when makarios is "used of the state or condition of the believer, we would say that it refers to the spiritually prosperous state of that person who is the recipient of the sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit, Who is enabled to minister these blessings to him when the believer yields to Him for that ministry and cooperates with Him in it." THOUGHT - Are you (am I) in such a spiritual state that the Spirit can bestow supernatural blessing on you (me)? There are only 2 uses of makarios in the Gospel of John -- Jn. 13:17; Jn. 20:29 "Blessed are they who did not see, and yet believed.” Oswald Chambers - What next? (Borrow My Utmost for His Highest - page 160) Determine to know more than others. If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them. John 13:17. If you do not cut the moorings, God will have to break them by a storm and send you out. Launch all on God, go out on the great swelling tide of His purpose, and you will get your eyes open. If you believe in Jesus, you are not to spend all your time in the smooth waters just inside the harbour bar, full of delight, but always moored; you have to get out through the harbour bar into the great deeps of God and begin to know for yourself, begin to have spiritual discernment. When you know you should do a thing, and do it, immediately you know more. Revise where you have become ‘stodgy’ spiritually, and you will find it goes back to a point where there was something you knew you should do, but you did not do it because there seemed no immediate call to, and now you have no perception, no discernment; at a time of crisis you are spiritually distracted instead of spiritually self-possessed. It is a dangerous thing to refuse to go on knowing. The counterfeit of obedience is a state of mind in which you work up occasions to sacrifice yourself; ardour is mistaken for discernment. It is easier to sacrifice yourself than to fulfil your spiritual destiny, which is stated in Romans 12:1–2 . It is a great deal better to fulfil the purpose of God in your life by discerning His will than to perform great acts of self-sacrifice. “To obey is better than sacrifice.” Beware of harking back to what you were once when God wants you to be something you have never been. “If any man will do …, he shall know.…” A W Tozer - OUR HIGHEST HAPPINESS - (Borrow Mornings With Tozer page 56) If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them. John 13:17 Let me call it to your attention that the happiness of all moral creatures lies in the giving of obedience to God, the Creator. The psalmist cries out in Psalm 103:20: “Bless the Lord, ye his angels, that excel in strength, that do his commandments, hearkening unto the voice of his word.” The angels in heaven find their complete freedom and highest happiness in obeying the commandments of God. They do not find it a tyranny—they find it a delight! Here is something that we should know and realize: Heaven is a place of surrender to the whole will of God, and it is heaven because it is such a place. I thank God that heaven is the world of God’s obedient children. Whatever else we may say of its pearly gates, golden streets and jasper walls, heaven is heaven because children of the Most High God find they are in their normal sphere as obedient moral beings. If If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them. — John 13:17 Today's Scripture : John 13:1-17 new government regulation will require US foodmakers to list the amount of “trans fat” on the labels of most food products purchased in stores. Trans fat, which has been linked to heart disease, high cholesterol, and obesity, is something most people should limit or avoid altogether. The Food and Drug Administration estimates that Americans could save up to $1.8 billion in medical costs if they reduce their consumption of trans fats. The key word is if—a reminder that the new labeling information will benefit only those who change their eating habits. It’s not what we know but what we do that counts. After Jesus washed His disciples’ feet and told them to follow His example in serving each other, He told them: “A servant is not greater than his master; nor is he who is sent greater than he who sent him. If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them” (John 13:16-17). The blessings of the Lord are known By those who will obey; His wisdom, truth, and love are shown To all who choose His way. —D. De Haan The way of obedience is the way of blessing. John 13:18 "I do not speak of all of you. I know the ones I have chosen; but it is that the Scripture may be fulfilled, 'HE WHO EATS MY BREAD HAS LIFTED UP HIS HEEL AGAINST ME.' John 13:18 CLICK HERE TO READ PASSAGE IN OVER 60 ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS I know: Jn 13:11 17:12 21:17 2Co 4:5 Heb 4:13 Rev 2:23 but: Ps 41:9 Mt 10:36 26:23 Mk 14:20 Related Passages: Psalm 41:9 (LAST HALF OF VERSE QUOTED BY JESUS - THE FIRST HALF IS NOT APPLICABLE) (KJV = Yea, mine own familiar friend) Even my close friend in whom I trusted, who ate my bread, Has lifted up his heel against me. (See Spurgeon's commentary on Psalm 41:9 from Treasury of David) Matthew 26:50 And Jesus said to him, “Friend, do what you have come for.” Then they came and laid hands on Jesus and seized Him. John 6:64+ “But there are some of you who do not believe.” For Jesus knew from the beginning who they were who did not believe, and who it was that would betray Him. John 6:70-71+ Jesus answered them, “Did I Myself not choose (eklego) you, the twelve, and yet one of you is a devil?” 71 Now He meant Judas the son of Simon Iscariot, for he, one of the twelve, was going to betray Him. Luke 6:13+ And when day came, He called His disciples to Him and chose twelve of them, whom He also named as apostles. (JUDAS WAS EVEN AN APOSTLE!) Luke 22:24-27+ And there arose also a dispute among them as to which one of them was regarded to be greatest. 25 And He said to them, “The kings of the Gentiles lord it over them; and those who have authority over them are called ‘Benefactors.’ 26 “But it is not this way with you, but the one who is the greatest among you must become like the youngest, and the leader like the servant. 27 “For who is greater, the one who reclines at the table or the one who serves? Is it not the one who reclines at the table? But I am among you as the one who serves. PROPHECY OF BETRAYAL BY A TURNCOAT Jesus now shifts from the call to humility to the confirmation of His betrayal. I do not speak of all of you - Jesus differentiates the eleven disciples who would be blessed (Jn 13:17+) from the one disciple who would be cursed! Judas would soon "excuse" himself from the table and the blessing Jesus had promised! I know (eido) the ones I have chosen (eklego) - Note that John had previously recorded the coming betrayal of Judas (Jn 6:71+, Jn 12:4+, Jn 13:2+). Chosen (eklego) is used here not in the sense of those elected to salvation but of those original 12 He had chosen from all the other disciples. (Jn 6:70+) (See Why did Jesus choose Judas?) Spurgeon interprets chosen as election to salvation which most commentators do not (and I do not think this refers to election in this context) - Christ has a chosen people, though some will not believe it. Yet it is so, for he says, “I know whom I have chosen.” (Spurgeon's Exposition - Gospel of John) But (term of contrast) it is that (hina - expresses purpose, in order that) the Scripture (graphe) may be fulfilled (pleroo), 'HE WHO EATS MY BREAD (artos) HAS LIFTED UP (epairo) HIS HEEL AGAINST ME - A modern version might read "He kicked Me when I was down!" Remember that ALL CAPS in the NASB signifies a direct Old Testament quotation (this feature is unique to the NAS). Jesus quotes from the Messianic Psalm 41 (see above), which predicted Jesus would be betrayed even at the time of special communion and fellowship of sharing of a meal, at the time of the Last Supper. This prophecy in a sense serves to explain why Jesus choose Judas as one of the original twelve and it was that prophecy would be fulfilled (and that He was in full control). Even though it fulfilled prophecy, to me it is still a bit of a mystery that He selected the very one who would betray him. (see Dt 29:29+!) Judas Iscariot shows us the mystery of the intersection of predestination (God's sovereignty - It Was Prophesied) and human free will (Judas was still held responsible). A T Robertson on lifted up His heel - The metaphor is that of kicking with the heel or tripping with the heel like a wrestler. It was a gross breach of hospitality to eat bread with any one and then turn against him so. The Arabs hold to it yet.