Lucas 24
Kenneth Wuest · Citado em PreceptAustin
Lucas 24
Wuest adds that "Laleo (was) used originally just of sounds like the chatter of birds, the prattling of children, (but was also used) of the most serious kind of speech. It takes note of the sound and the manner of speaking. One thinks of the words in the song In the Garden; “He speaks, and the sound of His voice is so sweet, the birds hush their singing.”
Lucas 24
Wuest saying that it was a necessity in the nature of the case for the Son of Man to be delivered into the hands of men who are sinners and be crucified and on the third day to arise again. Saying. Lk 24:6. Lk 9:22, 44. Son of man. Lk 5:24. must be delivered. Lk 24:26, 44. Lk 13:33. be crucified. Mt 20:19. third day. Lk 24:46. Lk 9:22. What is the importance of the empty tomb? Why is the truth of the bodily resurrection of Jesus Christ so important? Luke 24:1-12 Empty Tomb with an Angelic Explanation - John MacArthur Luke 24:1-12 Witnessing Women and Doubting Disciples - John MacArthur Luke 24:1-12 The Foundation for Our Faith - Steven Cole Luke 24 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE GOSPEL IN BRIEF: CRUCIFIED AND RESURRECTED Saying that the Son of Man must (dei) be delivered (paradidomi) into the hands of sinful (hamartolos) men, and be crucified (stauroo), and the third day rise again (anistemi) The angels continue to give their testimony to the women. Notice that they essence proclaim the Gospel of Jesus' death, burial (implied) and resurrection. These specific details are given by the angel only here in the Gospels. Must be delivered was not optional but absolutely necessary in order to fulfill the divine plan of redemption, the Redeemer being put to death by sinful men that He might save sinful men! Gilbrant adds "The trauma of the Passion was a necessity." Sinful men refers in context to the Jewish religious leaders - "The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed and be raised up on the third day.” (Lk 9:22) Gilbrant however adds that "The phrase "into the hands of sinful men" could mean Gentiles (crucifixion was a Roman form of execution) or it might mean the Jewish leaders (Lk 24:20). Perhaps both are meant." The third day is repeatedly mentioned in Scripture - Matt. 16:21; Matt. 17:23; Matt. 20:19; Matt. 27:64; Lk. 9:22; Lk. 13:32; Lk. 18:33; Lk. 24:7; Lk. 24:46; Acts 10:40; 1 Co. 15:4 NET Note on crucifixion - Crucifixion was the cruelest form of punishment practiced by the Romans. Roman citizens could not normally undergo it. It was reserved for the worst crimes, like treason and evasion of due process in a capital case. The Roman historian Cicero called it “a cruel and disgusting penalty” (Against Verres 2.5.63–66 §§163–70); Josephus (J. W. 7.6.4 [7.203]) called it the worst of deaths. Ed comment: We do well to pause a moment and thank our Lord Jesus Christ not only for dying in our place but being willing to die one of the cruelest death devised by sinful men! -- O how He loves you and me, O how He loves you and me. He gave His life. What more could He give. O how He loves you. O how He loves me. O how He loves you and me. Ponder His cruel death in our place as you listen to the simple spiritual song "O How He Loves You and Me." (Have a Kleenex nearby!)
Lucas 24
Wuest adds that "the angels peer into the mysteries of Church truth from beside it, like the cherubim bending over the Mercy Seat where man has access to God through a substitutionary sacrifice that cleanses him from sin. They are not participants in the salvation but spectators of it." Parakupto describes John when he came to the empty tomb of His Lord, "stooping" in order to get a better view (Jn 20:5) and Mary who "stooped and looked into the tomb" (Jn 20:11 ). These uses of parakupto imply a willingness to exert or inconvenience oneself to obtain a better perspective.
Lucas 24
Wuest - And He said to them, What are these words which you are tossing to and fro to one another in this animated, heated conversation as you are walking? And they came to a standstill, gloomy-countenanced. and Ge 40:7, Ezek 9:4–6. Mt 6:16, John 16:6, 20–22. Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 1 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 2 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-35 Disappointment and Hope - Steven Cole Luke 24 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DOWNCAST DISCIPLES DIALOGUE And He said to them, "What are these words that you are exchanging with one another as you are walking?" - Jesus opened the conversation by asking what they were talking about? It is notable that during his public ministry Jesus often ask questions (Lk 6:3, 9; 8:30; 9:18; 18:40, 41; 20:3, 4, 41–44; 22:35, etc.) Jesus asked to arouse the listeners' interest and thereby draw them into His discourse. Still a good pattern for Bible teachers and preachers! These two disciples were exchanging ideas, talking back and forth, still in a state of bewilderment over all that had just happened in Jerusalem. Wuest paraphrases words that you are exchanging as an "animated heated conversation" Exchanging (only in Lk 24:17) (present tense - continually) (474)(antiballo from anti = against, facing, opposite + ballō = to throw) means literally to "throw back and forth" (like a ball). The inherent idea is to discuss with the implication of conflicting opinions. Liddell-Scott says antiballo means "to throw against or in turn, return the shots, Thuc. II. to put one against the other, to exchange words in conversation. To practice by striking against the sack in the gymnasium (ED: VIVID WORD PICTURE OF THESE TWO THROWING VERBAL PUNCHES!) " Friberg says "figuratively, of words or ideas argue about, discuss together." Gilbrant adds antiballo describes "a fervent or excited exchange of words and ideas (perhaps even some disagreement) as they recalled and even sought to understand the events of the past few days." NET Note adds that "The term antiballō, used only here in the NT, has the nuance of “arguing” or “debating” a point (the English idiom “to exchange words” also comes close)."
Lucas 24
Wuest - And answering, one by the name of Cleopas said to Him, As for you, are you the only temporary resident in Jerusalem and have not come to know about the things which have taken place in it in these days? Cleopas. John 19:25. Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 1 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 2 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-35 Disappointment and Hope - Steven Cole Luke 24 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE IRONY OF THE QUESTION! One of them, named Cleopas, answered and said to Him - The only mention of Cleopas by name, his name meaning "the whole glory," "famed of all," or "very renowned". Cleopas answered Jesus' question with a question. Are You the only one visiting Jerusalem and unaware of the things which have happened here in these days? -The point is that the Crucifixion of Christ had "gone viral" as we say in the internet era. Notice the striking irony. The truth be told, Jesus seems to be the ONLY ONE Who really understands what happened in Jerusalem! Albert Barnes on the only one visiting - This denotes one who had come to reside at a place only for a time, not a permanent inhabitant. Many Jews came up from all parts of the world to Jerusalem, to keep the Passover there. They appear to have taken Jesus to be such a stranger or foreigner. The meaning of this verse may be thus expressed: "The affair concerning which we are sad has been well known, and has made a great talk and noise, so that all, even the strangers who have come up to remain there but a little time, are well acquainted with it. Art thou the only one of them who has not heard it? Is everybody so well acquainted with it, and thou hast not heard of it? It is a matter of surprise, and we cannot account for it."
Lucas 24
Wuest - And He said to them, What sort of things, And they said to Him, The things concerning Jesus of Nazareth, who was a man, a prophet mighty in deed and word in the sight of God and all the people, JESUS POSES A QUESTION And He said to them, "What things?" - Jesus was a good inductive Bible study Teacher asking a "What" question! Instead of answering their question, He followed their question with His Own question, a tact He often did in the Gospels. Jesus was referring to the "things which happened" (Lk 24:18) and wanted to hear from their own lips how they viewed the events of the past few days. As J C
Lucas 24
Wuest - But as for us, we were hoping that it was He who was about to be liberating Israel. But also with all these things it is the third day since these things took place. we trusted. Lk 2:38. Mt 20:21. Mk 15:43. Ac 1:6. redeem Israel. Lk 1:68. Ps 130:8. Isa 59:20. Ac 1:6. Ro 11:26. 1 Pe 1:18, 19. Re 5:9. the third day. Lk 9:22. Mt 12:40. Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 1 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 2 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-35 Disappointment and Hope - Steven Cole Luke 24 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE THIRD DAY THEIR HOPES DIMMED But - Term of Contrast. Not just a prophet but more than a prophet, a Redeemer, but not the kind of Redeemer Jesus turned out to be as explained below. We were hoping (elpizo) that it was He who was going to redeem (lutroo) Israel - They are referring to a political not spiritual redemption, a setting of Israel free from Roman oppression and rule.
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Wuest - And He himself said to them, O dull of perception and slow of heart to be believing in all the things which the prophets spoke, JESUS REBUKES THE TWO TRAVELERS And He said to them, "O foolish (anoetos) men and slow (bradus) of heart (kardia) ("spiritual bradycardia!") to believe (pisteuo) in all that the prophets have spoken - Don't miss Jesus' emotional reaction. The interjection "O" (Gk - o) is used at the beginning of clauses most often to express emotion (cf Mt 15:28, 17:17, Lk 9:41+) The knew some of the prophecies, especially those that spoke of Messiah as ruler (cf Ps 2:4-12), but not the ones that spoke of the Suffering Servant. (See Messianic Prophecies and The Jewish Tradition Of Two Messiahs) "The rebuke is for failure to believe the promise of scripture, a theme that will appear in Lk 24:43–47 as well." (NET) Lenski suggests the tone of Jesus is "one of pained surprise and plain rebuke...."O dullards" reproves their intellect and intelligence. Unbelief often lays claim to great intellectual powers and penetration; it is in reality the most pitiful and painful ignorance. These two Jews should have known their Scriptures better." (See The Interpretation of St. Luke's Gospel)
Lucas 24
Wuest adds that the word anoetos "denotes the stupidity that arises from deadness and impotence of intellect. It means “lacking in the power of perception, unwise.” It refers to one who does not reflect. The word speaks of failure to use one’s powers of perception. The Galatians (Wuest's comment on Gal 3:1-note), Paul says, were certainly not using their heads. The word is used with an ethical reference as the faculty of moral judgment. Thus the word indicates a failure to use one’s powers of perception, that failure being due to a moral defect. It is always true, as it was with the Galatians, that the act of a Christian who embraces false doctrine, is due to sin in his life. (Galatians Commentary - Verse by Verse) Trench - in the anoetos there is always a moral fault lying behind the intellectual; the nous, the highest knowing power in man, the organ by which divine things are apprehended and known, being the ultimate seat of the error (Luke 24:25, Gal. 3:1, 3; 1 Tim. 6:9; Titus 3:3). Foolish is the same thing Paul said to the Galatians rebuking them for trying to live the supernatural life without dependence on the Supernatural Source (O, how many churches today would Paul chastise? Just a thought to ponder!)... You foolish Galatians, who has bewitched you, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified?...(3:3) Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh? (Gal 3:1, 3+) And slow of heart to believe - "Spiritual bradycardia!" This means they were not quick to perceive that their OT Scriptures had taught Messiah must suffer, die and arise. Barton adds that "they were blind to God's Kingdom values—that the last will be first, and that life grows out of death." (LASB) Vance Havner quips "Better slow of head to understand than slow of heart to believe! To know the Bible by memory is not to know it "by heart." To know it "by heart" is to hide "thy Word," the great possession, "in my heart," the great place, "that I might not sin against thee," the great purpose.
Lucas 24
Wuest - was it not necessary in the nature of the case for the Christ to suffer these things and to enter His glory? Christ to suffer - Lk 24:7, 44, 46. Lk 18:31-33. Ps 22, Ps 69. Isa 53:1-12. Zech 13:7. Mt 26:54. Jn 11:49-52. Jn 12:24, 32. Acts 3:18, Acts 17:3. 1 Cor 15:3, 4. Heb 2:8-10. Heb 9:22, 23. Heb 12:2. 1 Pe 1:3, 11 His glory. Zech 6:13. Lk 9:26. 1 Co 15:17. 1 Pe 1:11. Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 1 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-32 Christ: The Living Expositor, Part 2 - John MacArthur Luke 24:13-35 Disappointment and Hope - Steven Cole Luke 24 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SUFFERING NECESSARY BEFORE GLORY THE CROSS BEFORE THE CROWN Was it not necessary (dei) - This phrase in Greek expects an affirmative answer. It speaks of "divine necessity." Yes, the suffering of our Messiah was necessary so that (1) He would perfectly fulfill prophecy, but more importantly (2) that He might be the atoning sacrifice for our sins, paying the price in full (Jn 19:30+). And the Jews should have known this because the OT clearly taught that a blameless sacrifice was required to cover the sin of a guilty sinner (Isa 53:4, 5, 11, 12+). Suffering must precede glory (Lk 17:25+). Therefore this is a reference to the God’s sovereign plan "that the Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be crucified, and the third day rise again.”(Lk 24:7+). Steven
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Wuest - And beginning from Moses and from all the prophets He interpreted to them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself. JESUS IS ON EVERY PAGE OF THE SCRIPTURES! Beginning with Moses and with all the prophets (prophetes) - Jesus says He began in the Pentateuch but He does not tell us the specific verses. Many have suggested He began with Genesis 3:15-note which is possible. We will have to wait until heaven to speak with Cleopas regarding this exposition from the Master Expositor! Note that the end of this passage says "in all the Scriptures," (Young's Literal - he was expounding to them in all the Writings the things about himself) the implication being that the entire OT, every word, in some way spoke about the Messiah! Warren Wiersbe on beginning with Moses and with all the prophets (prophetes) - “Faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of God” (Ro 10:17, NKJV). This explains why Jesus opened the Word to these two men as the three of them walked to Emmaus. Their real problem was not in their heads but in their hearts (see Luke 24:25 and Lk 24:32, and note Lk 24:38). They could have discussed the subject for days and never arrived at a satisfactory answer. What they needed was a fresh understanding of the Word of God, and Jesus gave that understanding to them. He opened the Scriptures and then opened their eyes, and they realized that Jesus was not only alive but right there with them! What was their basic problem? They did not believe all that the prophets had written about the Messiah. That was the problem with most of the Jews in that day: they saw Messiah as a conquering Redeemer, but they did not see Him as a Suffering Servant. As they read the Old Testament, they saw the glory but not the suffering, the crown but not the cross. The teachers in that day were not unlike some of the “success preachers” today, blind to the total message of the Bible....The key to understanding the Bible is to see Jesus Christ on every page. (Borrow Be courageous Luke 14-24) Prophets (4396)(prophetes from próphemi = literally to tell beforehand in turn from pró = before, in front of, forth, on behalf of + phemí = speak, tell) is primarily a forth-teller or one who speaks out God’s message, primarily to their own generation, usually always calling the people to God's truth for them at that moment, often using the phrase "Thus saith the Lord." The prophet is one who speaks before in the sense of proclaim, or the one who speaks for, i.e., in the Name of (God). "As distinct from the sacral figures of pagan antiquity the biblical prophet is not a magician. He does not force God. On the contrary, he is under divine constraint. It is God Who invites, summons, and impels him--e.g., Jer 20:7" (Lamorte and Hawthorne) "Christ is the sum of the whole Bible — prophesied, typified, prefigured, exhibited, demonstrated — to be found in every leaf, almost in every line. The Scriptures being but as it were, the swaddling bands of the child Jesus." Thomas Adams "Think of Christ as the very substance, marrow, soul, and scope of the whole Scriptures!" Isaac Ambrose The prophets had some of the more detailed prophecies of the Messiah (See also Messianic Prophecy) - His suffering for our justification (Isaiah 53:3-5, 11-12 see commentary) - Little wonder that Isaiah 53 is not read in Jewish Synagogues! He was despised and forsaken of men, A man of sorrows and acquainted with grief; And like one from whom men hide their face He was despised, and we did not esteem Him. 4Surely our griefs He Himself bore, And our sorrows He carried; Yet we ourselves esteemed Him stricken, Smitten of God, and afflicted. 5But He was pierced through for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; The chastening for our well-being fell upon Him, And by His scourging we are healed. (Isa 53:11-12) As a result of the anguish of His soul, He will see it and be satisfied; By His knowledge the Righteous One, My Servant, will justify the many, As He will bear their iniquities. Therefore, I will allot Him a portion with the great, And He will divide the booty with the strong; Because He poured out Himself to death, And was numbered with the transgressors; Yet He Himself bore the sin of many, And interceded for the transgressors. The date of His arrival in Jerusalem to be "cut off" or hung on a Cross (Daniel 9:25, 26+, cf Lk 19:42+), “So you are to know and discern that from the issuing of a decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until Messiah the Prince there will be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks; it will be built again, with plaza and moat, even in times of distress. (9:26) “Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and have nothing, and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. And its end will come with a flood; even to the end there will be war; desolations are determined. (Daniel 9:25, 26+) Luke 19:42 saying, “If you had known in this day, even you, the things which make for peace! But now they have been hidden from your eyes. (Lk 19:42+) One-third of the nation of Israel will finally (at the end of this age when Messiah returns to defeat all evil and wipe out anti-Semitism) recognize Jesus as their Messiah (Zech 12:10-14+, Zech 13:1+, Zech 13:9+, cf Ro 11:26, 27+) Zechariah 12:10-14+ “I will pour out on the house of David and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the Spirit of grace and of supplication, so that they will look on Me whom they have pierced; and they will mourn for Him, as one mourns for an only son, and they will weep bitterly over Him like the bitter weeping over a firstborn. 11“In that day there will be great mourning in Jerusalem, like the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the plain of Megiddo. 12“The land will mourn, every family by itself; the family of the house of David by itself and their wives by themselves; the family of the house of Nathan by itself and their wives by themselves; 13the family of the house of Levi by itself and their wives by themselves; the family of the Shimeites by itself and their wives by themselves; 14all the families that remain, every family by itself and their wives by themselves. Zechariah 13:1+ “In that day a fountain will be opened for the house of David and for the inhabitants of Jerusalem, for sin and for impurity. Zechariah 13:9+ “And I will bring the third part through the fire, Refine them as silver is refined, And test them as gold is tested. They will call on My name, And I will answer them; I will say, ‘They are My people,’ And they will say, ‘The LORD is my God.’” Romans 11:26; 27+ and so all (ALL THAT BELIEVE IN YESHUA!) Israel will be saved; just as it is written, “THE DELIVERER WILL COME FROM ZION, HE WILL REMOVE UNGODLINESS FROM JACOB.” (11:27) “THIS IS MY COVENANT WITH THEM, WHEN I TAKE AWAY THEIR SINS.” Albert