1 Timóteo 1
Leon Morris · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Timóteo 1
Morris points out that "There is no record of this assignment in the book of Acts, and the same is true of other personal references in this epistle. This is one of the reasons most New Testament scholars believe that Paul was released after his first incarceration at Rome, although the book of Acts closes with his imprisonment. He then, presumably, continued to travel and preach at many places throughout the Roman empire. Eventually, he was again arrested, this time under the severe waves of persecution by the emperor Nero, and was finally executed. 1 Timothy, it is believed, was written between the two imprisonments. 2 Timothy was written from prison shortly before he was put to death by Nero's order." (abide still at Ephesus) J
1 Timóteo 1
Morris points out that "Doctrine (teaching) is often downgraded today in the church in favor of an emphasis on love. Nevertheless, sound (hugiaino ~ hygienic) doctrine must come first; true Christian love is the natural product of sound doctrine (1 Timothy 1:5)." (doctrine) If the teaching of the church is not right, it is not a church. -- J Vernon McGee Steven Cole gives an ILLUSTRATION "In our day, as in every age, there are men who tamper with the apostolic message by all sorts of cultural myths to make it more palatable to people. One flagrant example is Robert Schuller, whose book, Self-Esteem: The New Reformation [Word, 1982], carries endorsements by two well-known, supposedly evangelical theologians, one of whom was the president of a major evangelical seminary. The book purports to be based on the Lord’s Prayer, but it is an utter perversion of the gospel, in which Schuller states, “To be born again means that we must be changed from a negative to a positive self-image--from inferiority to self-esteem ...” (p. 68). He goes on to say that this happens when we meet “the Ideal One” (Jesus) who receives us as his peer and treats us as an equal! As a result, the core of our life changes from shame to self-esteem and we can pray, “Our Father in heaven, honorable is our name” (p. 69, emphasis his). What awful blasphemy! The book is full of statements that twist Scripture into conformity with worldly ideas. Yet a prominent evangelical pastor gushes on the book jacket that Schuller is “a communicator of the gospel of Jesus Christ” and that his “theology is traditional”! So you’ve got to be on guard so that you aren’t led astray by those who claim to be evangelical and who claim to base their message on Scripture, but they’re merely using the Bible as a springboard to make up their own message. Biblical teachers must be faithful to the biblical text. False Teaching and Teachers in First Timothy (from ESV Study Bible) 1Ti 1:3 teaching a different doctrine 1Ti 1:6 swerving from a pure heart, good conscience, and sincere faith 1Ti 1:6 wandering away into vain discussions 1Ti 1:7 lacking understanding 1Ti 1:10 practicing something contrary to sound doctrine 1Ti 1:19 making shipwreck of their faith 1Ti 1:20 blaspheming 1Ti 4:1 departing from the faith 1Ti 4:1 devoting themselves to deceitful spirits and teachings of demons 1Ti 4:2 insincere, lying, having a seared conscience 1Ti 4:7 perpetuating irreverent, silly myths 1Ti 5:15 straying after Satan 1Ti 5:20 persisting in sin 1Ti 6:10 wandering away from the faith 1Ti 6:20 irreverent babble and contradictions 1Ti 6:21 swerving from the faith ILLUSTRATION - The story is told of a woman and her child who were traveling by train across the prairies in subzero weather. The woman kept on anxiously looking about her, worried about missing her stop. The conductor assured her that he would see her off the train at the right stop. A fellow traveler, a salesman, also tried to reassure her. “I travel this line frequently, lady,” he said. “I know every station and whistle-stop. If the conductor forgets, I’ll make sure you get off at the right place.” Soon the salesman said, “Yours will be the next stop.” After a while the train came to a halt. There was no sign of the conductor. “This is where you get off, lady. I’ll help you out with your bags.” It was dark and snowing hard, and there was no one in sight. The fellow passenger assured the frightened woman, “They’ll have heard the train. They’ll be along in a minute. This has to be your stop.” He climbed back on board as the train pulled away. Several minutes later, the conductor came through the car. “Where’s the lady with the child?” he asked. “I helped her off at the last stop,” said the salesman. “That was her stop and you weren’t here.” “That was not a station!” cried the conductor. “We were held up by a signal. There are no houses for miles around.” The engineer stopped the train and backed it up. They found the woman and her child frozen to death. They were victims of false information. People who teach false doctrine are as dangerous as that salesman. And people who listen to such teachers are in dire peril. So it was important for Timothy to put a stop to the propagation of false doctrine. (See Exploring the Pastoral Epistles: An Expository Commentary) 1 Timothy 1:3-11 What The Law Can't Do Evangelist Fred Brown used three illustrations to explain the proper use of God’s law. First, he likened the law to a dentist’s mirror. With that little mirror he can spot cavities. But the dentist doesn’t drill with the mirror. The mirror can reveal a cavity, but it can never repair it. Brown then compared the law to a flashlight. If the lights in your home suddenly go out, you use a flashlight to guide you through the darkness to the electrical box. The flashlight enables you to see the blown fuse or tripped circuit-breaker, but you don’t insert the flashlight in its place. In his third image, Brown likened the law to a plumb line. A builder uses a weighted string to see if his work is properly aligned. If he discovers a mistake, he doesn’t use the plumb line to correct it. He uses his hammer and saw. For Further Study What does Galatians 3 say about our relationship to the law? (Gal 3:11-14,24-25+). What can we learn about the law in Romans 8:1-4+? God's law pinpoints our problem; God's grace provides the solution. 1 Timothy 1:3-7 False Advertising Stay there in Ephesus so that you may command certain men not to teach false doctrines any longer. - 1 Timothy 1:3 Someone has reinterpreted lines from employment ads. When the ad reads, “Join our fast-paced company,” it really means, “We won't have the time to train you.” If the ad boasts of a casual work atmosphere, perhaps it's because they don't pay enough for their employees to wear something nicer! And if the ad announces you need problem-solving skills, prepare to join some chaos! Verse three from today's reading outlines Timothy's job description, but Paul doesn't use deceptive language. Paul left Timothy in Ephesus for an important mission. The problems in Ephesus were urgent and required a great deal of authority. Paul made the chain of command clear, invoking his apostolic authority at the beginning of the letter (v. 1) and conferring authority to Timothy over the elders of the Ephesian church. Paul doesn't give Timothy the job of suggesting solutions or collaborating towards agreement. Rather, Timothy had the task of “command[ing] certain men not to teach false doctrines any longer” (1 Ti 1:3). This first half of chapter one reveals the heart of the crisis in Ephesus. Certain men, presumably elders of the church, were teaching false doctrines. The content of their teaching had been both misleading and false (1 Ti 1:4, 6), with drastic results. They were undermining the essence of true Christian faith, which is first love for God and then love for others (1 Ti 1:5, cf. Matt. 22:34-40). Because of this false teaching and the controversies it had produced, the members of the church spent more time arguing than loving God and loving each other. The fact that they had lost sight of the goal of faith, especially of love for God, is proved by their abandonment of “a good conscience and a sincere faith” (1 Ti 1:5). Without a proper love for God, we abandon our desire to obey Him. Our conscience quickly suffers from our betrayal. And without love for God, we no longer protect the revelation of God. We idolize our interpretations about God rather than pursue the truth of God. Instruct (direct, order, prescribe) (3853) paraggello from para = beside, alongside, near by, at the side of + aggelos = messenger, angello/aggello = to announce) means to hand on or pass on an announcement from one to another who is at one's side, such as to what must be done, usually with the idea of a command or charge. Paraggello often was used in the context of a military command and demanded that the subordinate obey the order from the superior and required unhesitating and unqualified obedience. (cf Lk 5:14, Lk 8:29, Lk 9:21KJV, Acts 1:4, Acts 4:18; Acts 5:28KJV; Acts 15:5KJV; 1Th 4:11). It is like a mandate (an authoritative command) or a call to obedience from one in authority. Paraggello in some contexts was like our modern subpoena, and to disregard it made a person liable to severe punishment. It was used for a doctor’s prescription or instruction to their patient. Every use of paraggello includes the inherent idea of binding the hearer or recipient in a way that they make the proper response to the charge or instruction. Paraggello was used by persons in various positions of authority, and thus could represent military commands or instructions of the philosophers (Epictetus), doctor (giving a prescription or instructions - for the patient's good!), judge (issuing a "subpoena" - to disregard it made a person liable to severe punishment), etc. The essential element was that someone was placed under an obligation. Paraggello is a keyword in 1 Timothy - 5 times out of 30 times in NT - 1Ti 1:3; 1Ti 4:11 = prescribe; 1Ti 5:7 = prescribe; 1Ti 6:13 = charge; 1Ti 6:17 = instruct Remain (continue)(4357)(prosmeno from pros = + meno = abide, remain) means to stay on, remain, "to stay on at a place beyond some point of time" (BDAG) (Acts 18:18, 1 Ti 1:3), to stay with someone, " to be steadfast in association" (BDAG) (Mt 15:32, Mk 8;2), figuratively to remain loyal to (Acts 11:23), to continue in, persevere in, keep on doing (1 Ti 5:5). Teach strange doctrines (heterodidaskaleo from heteros = another of a different kind + didaskaleo = to teach) literally to teach other (in essence heretical) doctrine and in context clearly alludes to false teachers (English - heterodoxy). Equal to the phrase hétera didáskō to teach differently. To teach something other than or deviating from the truth of God's Word, teach error as if it were the truth. Divergent (i.e. sectarian) instruction. To teach contrary to standard instruction. Heterodidaskaleo - 2v - 1Ti 1:3; 1Ti 6:3 = "advocates a different doctrine" 1 Timothy 1:4 nor to pay attention to myths and endless genealogies, which give rise to mere speculation rather than furthering the administration of God which is by faith. BGT 1 Timothy 1:4 μηδὲ προσέχειν μύθοις καὶ γενεαλογίαις ἀπεράντοις, αἵτινες ἐκζητήσεις παρέχουσιν μᾶλλον ἢ οἰκονομίαν θεοῦ τὴν ἐν πίστει. Amplified Nor to give importance to or occupy themselves with legends (fables, myths) and endless genealogies, which foster and promote useless speculations and questionings rather than acceptance in faith of God’s administration and the divine training that is in faith (in that leaning of the entire human personality on God in absolute trust and confidence)— Don Anderson - nor to pay attention to legends and endless genealogies, which give rise to endless speculations rather than (acceptance in faith of God's administration) the divine training that is in faith. Barclay not to teach erroneous novelties, nor to give their attention to idle tales and endless genealogies, which only succeed in producing empty speculations rather than the effective administration of God’s people, which should be based on faith. BBE 1 Timothy 1:4 Or to give attention to stories and long lists of generations, from which come questionings and doubts, in place of God's ordered way of life which is in faith; CSB 1 Timothy 1:4 or to pay attention to myths and endless genealogies. These promote empty speculations rather than God's plan, which operates by faith. ERV 1 Timothy 1:4 neither to give heed to fables and endless genealogies, the which minister questionings, rather than a dispensation of God which is in faith; so do I now. ESV 1 Timothy 1:4 nor to devote themselves to myths and endless genealogies, which promote speculations rather than the stewardship from God that is by faith. Grundy and not to be paying attention to myths and endless genealogies, which as such give rise to speculations rather than to God’s house-law in faith—. [Paul leaves the foregoing sentence incomplete.] GWN 1 Timothy 1:4 and occupying themselves with myths and endless genealogies. These myths and genealogies raise a lot of questions rather than promoting God's plan, which centers in faith. ICB (and NCV) Tell them not to spend their time on stories that are not true and on long lists of names in family histories. These things only bring arguments; they do not help God's work. God's work is done by faith. KJV 1 Timothy 1:4 Neither give heed to fables and endless genealogies, which minister questions, rather than godly edifying which is in faith: so do. NKJ 1 Timothy 1:4 nor give heed to fables and endless genealogies, which cause disputes rather than godly edification which is in faith. MIT 1 Timothy 1:4 nor to have anything to do with myths and interminable genealogies that induce speculative quests rather than present God's master plan that is based on faith. NAB 1 Timothy 1:4 or to concern themselves with myths and endless genealogies, which promote speculations rather than the plan of God that is to be received by faith. NEB and studying those interminable myths and genealogies, which issue in mere speculation and cannot make known God’s plan for us, which works through faith. NET 1 Timothy 1:4 nor to occupy themselves with myths and interminable genealogies. Such things promote useless speculations rather than God's redemptive plan that operates by faith. NIV 1 Timothy 1:4 nor to devote themselves to myths and endless genealogies. These promote controversies rather than God's work--which is by faith. NJB 1 Timothy 1:4 or to give attention to myths and unending genealogies; these things only foster doubts instead of furthering God's plan which is founded on faith. NLT 1 Timothy 1:4 Don't let them waste their time in endless discussion of myths and spiritual pedigrees. These things only lead to meaningless speculations, which don't help people live a life of faith in God. NLT (non-revised) Don't let people waste time in endless speculation over myths and spiritual pedigrees. For these things only cause arguments; they don't help people live a life of faith in God. NRS 1 Timothy 1:4 and not to occupy themselves with myths and endless genealogies that promote speculations rather than the divine training that is known by faith. Phillips to leave hoary old myths and interminable genealogies alone. Such things lead men to speculation rather than to the ordered living which results from faith in God. REB and devoting themselves to interminable myths and genealogies, which give rise to mere speculation, and do not further God’s plan for us, which works through faith. Thayer “which furnish matter for disputes rather than the (knowledge of the) dispensation of the things by which God has provided for and prepared salvation, which salvation must be embraced by faith.” Wuest nor to be giving assent to fables and useless genealogies which are of such a character as to provide occasion for exhaustive investigations rather than a [knowledge of the] administration of the things by which God has provided for and prepared salvation, which salvation must be embraced by faith. (Eerdmans Publishing - used by permission) YLT 1 Timothy 1:4 nor to give heed to fables and endless genealogies, that cause questions rather than the building up of God that is in faith: -- Nor to pay attention to myths: 1Ti 4:7 1Ti 6:4,20 2Ti 2:14,16-18 4:4 Titus 1:14 2Pe 1:16 and endless genealogies: Titus 3:9 Which give rise to mere speculation: 1Ti 6:4-5 2Ti 2:22 rather than furthering the administration of God which is by faith: 1Ti 3:16 6:3,11 2Co 1:12 7:9,10 Eph 4:12-16 Titus 1:1 Heb 13:9 1 Timothy 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: 1 Timothy 4:7 But have nothing to do with worldly fables fit only for old women. On the other hand, discipline yourself for the purpose of godliness; 1 Timothy 6:4 he is conceited and understands nothing; but he has a morbid interest in controversial questions and disputes about words, out of which arise envy, strife, abusive language, evil suspicions, 5 and constant friction between men of depraved mind and deprived of the truth, who suppose that godliness is a means of gain. 1 Timothy 6:20 O Timothy, guard what has been entrusted to you, avoiding worldly and empty chatter and the opposing arguments of what is falsely called “knowledge”– 2 Timothy 2:14 Remind them of these things, and solemnly charge them in the presence of God not to wrangle about words, which is useless and leads to the ruin of the hearers. 2 Timothy 2:16-18 But avoid worldly and empty chatter, for it will lead to further ungodliness, 17 and their talk will spread like gangrene. Among them are Hymenaeus and Philetus, 18 men who have gone astray from the truth saying that the resurrection has already taken place, and they upset the faith of some. 2 Timothy 4:4 and will turn away their ears from the truth and will turn aside to myths. Titus 1:14 not paying attention to Jewish myths and commandments of men who turn away from the truth. 2 Peter 1:16 For we did not follow cleverly devised tales when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of His majesty. Titus 3:9 But avoid foolish controversies and genealogies and strife and disputes about the Law, for they are unprofitable and worthless. Nor to pay attention (prosecho) to myths (muthos) and endless (aperantos) genealogies (genealogia) - Paul continues to explain why it was important for Timothy to remain in Ephesus. Timothy was neither to "give importance to or occupy themselves with legends" (Amplified) nor give assent to such specious teachings. To review, the first "job description" was instruct not to teach different doctrine (1Ti 1:3) and second not to pay attention to myths and endless genealogies. Pay attention means also not to attach oneself or adhere to these doctrines and the present tense indicates they were ongoing and must be terminated. Endless means without limit or terminus. Vincent suggests that the word may be taken in the sense of “object” or “aim,” and thus, it would describe the study and teaching regarding these genealogies as without object, useless. Paul is not referring to the genealogies found in Scripture, for these are critical for determining the lineage of the Messiah, as noted in the opening of Matthew 1:1ff ("The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.") and in Luke 3:23-38. Paul is referring to fanciful interpretations of genealogies contrary to the truth and which could easily degenerate into controversial speculation and strife. As Don Anderson says "It is so easy to begin spinning your wheels in the realm of trivia and ultimately fail in your mission to present divine truth in the gospel of Jesus Christ." J. N. D. Kelly suggests that the myths and endless genealogies "must have had to do with allegorical or legendary interpretations of the O.T. centering on the pedigrees of the patriarchs. Much of the rabbinical Haggadah consisted of just such a fanciful rewriting of Scripture; the Book of Jubilees and Pseudo-Philo’s Liber antiquitatum biblicarum, with its mania for family trees, are apt examples. It has also been shown that in post-exilic Judaism there was a keen interest in family trees, and that these played a part in controversies between Jews and Jewish Christians. (See Pastoral Epistles) Titus faced the same kind of false teaching in Crete (Titus 1:14; 3:9). -- Warren Wiersbe