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Leon Morris · Citado em PreceptAustin
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Morris - Although Jesus did not at first call this a parable, He clearly intended it to be a symbolic use of the familiar scene of sheep tended by a shepherd, along with their sheepfold and its door. (BORROW The Defender's Study Bible) John
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Morris adds that "This passage is sometimes misinterpreted as though Jesus was simply classing Himself with men in general. He appeals to the psalm that speaks of men as “gods,” so runs the reasoning, and thus justifies His speaking of himself as Son of God. He is “god” in the same sense as others. But this is not taking seriously enough what Jesus actually says. He is arguing from the less to the greater. If the word god could be used of people who were no more than judges, how much more could it be used of one with greater dignity, greater importance and significance than any mere judge, one “whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world” (Jn 10:36)? He is not placing Himself on a level with men, but setting Himself apart from them!" (BORROW - see page 396 in Reflections on the Gospel of John) NET NOTE - A quotation from Ps 82:6. Technically the Psalms are not part of the OT "law" (which usually referred to the five books of Moses), but occasionally the term "law" was applied to the entire OT, as here. The problem in this verse concerns the meaning of Jesus' quotation from Ps 82:6. It is important to look at the OT context: The whole line reads "I say, you are gods, sons of the Most High, all of you." Jesus will pick up on the term "sons of the Most High" in Jn 10:36, where he refers to himself as the Son of God. The psalm was understood in rabbinic circles as an attack on unjust judges who, though they have been given the title "gods" because of their quasi-divine function of exercising judgment, are just as mortal as other men. What is the argument here? It is often thought to be as follows: If it was an OT practice to refer to men like the judges as gods, and not blasphemy, why did the Jewish authorities object when this term was applied to Jesus? This really doesn't seem to fit the context, however, since if that were the case Jesus would not be making any claim for "divinity" for Himself over and above any other human being - and therefore He would not be subject to the charge of blasphemy. Rather, this is evidently a case of arguing from the lesser to the greater, a common form of rabbinic argument. The reason the OT judges could be called gods is because they were vehicles of the word of God (cf. Jn 10:35). But granting that premise, Jesus deserves much more than they to be called God. He is the Word incarnate, Whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world to save the world (Jn 10:36). In light of the prologue to the Gospel of John, it seems this interpretation would have been most natural for the author. If it is permissible to call men "gods" because they were the vehicles of the word of God, how much more permissible is it to use the word "God" of Him who is the Word of God? John
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Morris explains cannot be broken - It means that Scripture cannot be emptied of its force by being shown to be erroneous. Jesus’ point is that the Bible calls “gods” those who were no more than men. They were themselves the recipients of “the word of God,” that is they were required to hear and heed and obey that word, primarily of course in connection with their calling as judges. Yet these men were on this occasion called “gods.” (BORROW The Gospel according to John - see page 526) The word of God can’t be broken; it breaks whatever opposes it. -- David Guzik (see Jer 23:29) J C Ryle on cannot be broken - Every word of Scripture must be allowed its full weight, and must neither be clipped, passed over, nor evaded. Bob Utley on the apparently parenthetical statement the Scripture cannot be broken - John often comments on Jesus' dialogues. It is uncertain whether this is a statement of Jesus or John. However, since both are equally inspired, it does not matter. The thrust of the quote is the trustworthiness of Scripture. Jesus and the Apostles viewed the OT and their interpretations of it as the very words of God (cf. Matt. 5:17-19; 1 Cor. 2:9-13; 1 Thess. 2:13; 2 Tim. 3:16; 1 Pet. 1:23-25; 2 Pet. 1:20-21; 3:15-16). Bishop H. C. G. Moule in The Life of Bishop
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Morris adds "It is sometimes said that this verse classes Jesus as a man among men, and shows that his claims to divinity are not to be taken seriously. But we should notice that his argument is not “Psalm 82 speaks of men as gods; therefore I in common with other men may use the term of myself,” but rather, “If in any sense the Psalm may apply this term to men, then much more may it be applied to him whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world." (BORROW The Gospel according to John - see page 526) John 10:37 "If I do not do the works of My Father, do not believe Me; BGT John 10:37 εἰ οὐ ποιῶ τὰ ἔργα τοῦ πατρός μου, μὴ πιστεύετέ μοι· KJV John 10:37 If I do not the works of my Father, believe me not. NET John 10:37 If I do not perform the deeds of my Father, do not believe me. CSB John 10:37 If I am not doing My Father's works, don't believe Me. ESV John 10:37 If I am not doing the works of my Father, then do not believe me; NIV John 10:37 Do not believe me unless I do what my Father does. NLT John 10:37 Don't believe me unless I carry out my Father's work. NRS John 10:37 If I am not doing the works of my Father, then do not believe me. NJB John 10:37 If I am not doing my Father's work, there is no need to believe me; NAB John 10:37 If I do not perform my Father's works, do not believe me; YLT John 10:37 if I do not the works of my Father, do not believe me; MIT John 10:37 If I do not perform my father's works, do not believe me. John 10:25,32 5:31 12:37-40 14:10 15:24 Mt 11:20-24 John 10 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: John 5:19-23+ Therefore Jesus answered and was saying to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, unless it is something He sees the Father doing; for whatever the Father does, these things the Son also does in like manner. 20 “For the Father loves the Son, and shows Him all things that He Himself is doing; and the Father will show Him greater works than these, so that you will marvel. 21 “For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, even so the Son also gives life to whom He wishes. 22“For not even the Father judges anyone, but He has given all judgment to the Son, 23 so that all will honor the Son even as they honor the Father. He who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent Him. John 10:25 Jesus answered them, “I told you, and you do not believe; the works that I do in My Father’s name, these testify of Me. John 10:32 Jesus answered them, “I showed you many good works from the Father; for which of them are you stoning Me?” JESUS' CHALLENGE: LET MY WORKS BE THE CRITERION If I do not do the works of My Father, do not believe (pisteuo - see lengthy note in John 8) Me - If introduces a first class conditional sentence, stating that He in fact did the works of the Father. So what is Jesus saying in this final appeal to the religious leaders? He is telling them that if His works are not the works of His Father, they would not back up His words. In that case, the refusal of the Jews to believe would be justified. Jesus repeatedly appeals to His works, for they emphasize the unity between He and the Father (Jn 10:30). Bob
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Morris explains know and understand this way - Jesus is looking for them to have a moment of insight and then to remain permanently in the knowledge that that moment has brought them. J C
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Morris - “In the place where one might have thought He would be welcomed men tried to stone Him. Now in despised Perea men believed on Him.” (BORROW The Gospel according to John, PAGE 530) THOUGHT - ESPECIALLY TO PREACHERS - “If, my dear brother, speaking in Christ’s name, you find that you have no place in such and such a town, it may be the Spirit’s will that you should remove to a people who will receive you. Possibly in a place which promises less you may gain more. Bethabara may yield converts when Jerusalem only yields persecutors.” (Spurgeon A Cheering Incident at Bethabra) (ED: One could apply this to a church where you find no ready reception and role for ministry). John 10:41 Many came to Him and were saying, "While John performed no sign, yet everything John said about this man was true." BGT John 10:41 καὶ πολλοὶ ἦλθον πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ ἔλεγον ὅτι Ἰωάννης μὲν σημεῖον ἐποίησεν οὐδέν, πάντα δὲ ὅσα εἶπεν Ἰωάννης περὶ τούτου ἀληθῆ ἦν. KJV John 10:41 And many resorted unto him, and said, John did no miracle: but all things that John spake of this man were true. NET John 10:41 Many came to him and began to say, "John performed no miraculous sign, but everything John said about this man was true!" CSB John 10:41 Many came to Him and said, "John never did a sign, but everything John said about this man was true." ESV John 10:41 And many came to him. And they said, "John did no sign, but everything that John said about this man was true." NIV John 10:41 and many people came to him. They said, "Though John never performed a miraculous sign, all that John said about this man was true." NLT John 10:41 And many followed him. "John didn't perform miraculous signs," they remarked to one another, "but everything he said about this man has come true." NRS John 10:41 Many came to him, and they were saying, "John performed no sign, but everything that John said about this man was true." NJB John 10:41 Many people who came to him said, 'John gave no signs, but all he said about this man was true'; NAB John 10:41 Many came to him and said, "John performed no sign, but everything John said about this man was true." YLT John 10:41 and many came unto him, and said -- 'John, indeed, did no sign, and all things, as many as John said about this one were true;' MIT John 10:41 Many came to him and would say, "John did not do a miracle, but everything John said about him is true." many: John 3:26 Mt 4:23-25 Mk 1:37 Lu 5:1 12:1 John: Mt 14:2 Lu 7:26-28 but: John 1:29,33,34 3:29-36 Mt 3:11,12 Lu 7:29,30 John 10 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries JOHN'S WITNESS RECEIVED Many came to Him and were saying, "While John performed no sign - Is this not ironic? The Jews in Jerusalem had seen miraculous signs including healing a paralytic and restoring sight to a man born blind and yet they rejected Jesus' witness! Here, despite performing no miracles, the Jews accept John's testimony and in the next verse believe in the Messiah. David