Miquéias 1
Leon Morris · Citado em PreceptAustin
Miquéias 1
Morris - Defender's Study Bible) Pour her stones down - This refers to the fact that the walls of ancient cities were made of stones. God says they will come "tumbling down!" Matthew
Miquéias 1
Morris comments "Micah could also foresee the future time when the same Assyrian invaders (Sennacherib in 701BC would come to the very "gate of my people, even to Jerusalem" during the later reign of Hezekiah (2Ki 18:17, 13-27)." (Defender's Study Bible) Another nuance of this passage is that the gate was the place where leaders conducted civic business (see 1Ki 22:10), so that this phrase could also refer to the leaders who would be present at the city gate. Apple - "City Gate -- refers to the place of counsel and power; the king's counselors or cabinet -- this sin had reached to the very top and defiled the entire nation." Micah 1:10 Tell it not in Gath, Weep not at all. At Beth-le-aphrah roll yourself in the dust. Declare 2 Samuel 1:20; Amos 5:13; 6:10 Aphrah i.e., dust. Joshua 18:23; Job 2:8; Jeremiah 6:26; Lamentations 3:29 Micah 10:1-15 lists 11 cities, indicating the scope of the human shame and the divine sentence. Many of the names of the cities represent word plays in that they sound like (or have a related meaning to) what they symbolize. Stewart Briscoe (Hearing God’s Voice Above The Noise) says that it would be like an American preacher on prime time TV saying, "Living in Pittsburg is the pits.... Los Angeles is no city of angels. Wisconsin should only be pronounced Wiscon-SIN." That would sort of get attention, don’t you think? (Ed: This was Micah's methodology at least in part.) Here is John Phillips' summary of Micah's word plays on the names of the towns to be destroyed... Gath: "Tell it not in Tell-town." Aphrah: "Roll in dust at Dust-town." Saphir: "beauty shamed at Beauty-town" Zaanan: "no going out from Out-town" Beth-ezel: "no neighborliness at Neighbor-town" Maroth: "bitter tears at Bitter-town" Jerusalem: "no peace at Peace-town" Lachish: "horsepower gone from Horse-town" Achzib: "Falsehood reigns at False-town." Mareshah: "no possessions left at Possession-town" Adullam: "no testimony in Testimony-town" Tell it not in Gath (a Philistine city) ("Don’t gab about it in Gath!" - Davis) - The Hebrew word for "tell" (nagad) sounds like the name of the city, Gath (gat). Micah's point is much like David in 2Sa 1:20, where neither wanted the destruction of Israel to be a source of gloating or reveling by Israel's enemies. Click here for Bible Map - Mareshah, Lachish, Adullam, etc - All of the cities mentioned are generally south and west (toward the Mediterranean Sea side) of Jerusalem and "lay along the route normally traveled by invading forces from the north, who typically followed the Great Trunk Road south until they reached Gath." (ESVSB) Roll yourself in the dust ("wallow about in mourning in the dust") ("In Dust-town [Beth-le-aphrah] roll yourself in dust!" - Davis) - Speaks of sitting on the dust which was an outward sign of mourning in the ancient world. (cf Ps 44:25-note) Beth Leaphrah means "House of Dust" (thus it is a play on the Hebrew word for "dust" = 'apar). The inhabitants of this town would "roll...in the dust" as a symbol of deep despair and humiliation as a result of their defeat. To sit in the dust was an outward sign of mourning. Micah's exhortation reminds me of the psalmist's words regarding the positive aspect of affliction (See Ps 119:67, 71-note). Peterson's paraphrase picks up on Micah's multiple Hebrew word plays... Don’t gossip about this in Telltown. Don’t waste your tears. In Dustville, roll in the dust. In Alarmtown, the alarm is sounded. The citizens of Exitburgh will never get out alive. Lament, Last-Stand City: There’s nothing in you left standing. The villagers of Bittertown wait in vain for sweet peace. Harsh judgment has come from God and entered Peace City. All you who live in Chariotville, get in your chariots for flight. You led the daughter of Zion into trusting not God but chariots. Similar sins in Israel also got their start in you. Go ahead and give your good-bye gifts to Good-byeville. Miragetown beckoned but disappointed Israel’s kings. Inheritance City has lost its inheritance. Glorytown has seen its last of glory. Shave your heads in mourning over the loss of your precious towns. Go bald as a goose egg—they’ve gone into exile and aren’t coming back. Micah 1:11 Go on your way, inhabitant of Shaphir, in shameful nakedness. The inhabitant of Zaanan does not escape. The lamentation of Beth-ezel: "He will take from you its support." Pass Isaiah 16:2; Jeremiah 48:6,9 thou inhabitant of Saphir Mic 1:8; Isaiah 20:4; 47:2,3; Jeremiah 13:22; Ezekiel 16:37; Nahum 3:5 Go on your way, inhabitant of Shaphir, in shameful nakedness ("Pass on for yourselves, resident of Beautyburg [Shaphir], in shameful nakedness!" Davis) - This description describes the citizens of Shaphir marching into exile after being humiliated by the Assyrian warriors. Sin is costly beloved! Sin unconfessed assures shame (cp Pr 28:13-note) Ryrie - "Micah uses puns in denouncing these cities: e.g., Shaphir (Micah 1:11) sounds like the Hebrew word for beauty (Ed: or "pleasant") and is contrasted with their shame (shameful nakedness); Zaanan (Micah 1:11) sounds like a verb meaning "to go out" (or "come out") and is contrasted with the fear of the people to go outside their houses; Beth Ezel (Micah 1:11) resembles a word meaning "foundation," and they had none; Maroth (Micah 1:12), sounds like a word meaning "to wait for good," whereas they were waiting for evil." Zaanan -- sounds like a verb meaning "to go out" Micah is saying in essence “The inhabitants of Zaanan will not go out (escape).” Davis - "The residents of Marchville [Zaanan] do not march forth." Beth Ezel -