João 13
Marvin Vincent · Citado em PreceptAustin
João 13
Vincent says kosmos is "The sum-total of human life in the ordered world, considered apart from, alienated from, and hostile to God, and of the earthly things which seduce from God (Jn 7:7; 15:18; 17:9, 14; 1Co 1:20, 21; 2Co 7:10; Jas 4:4)." Kosmos in John's Gospel and his epistles - Jn. 1:9; Jn. 1:10; Jn. 1:29; Jn. 3:16; Jn. 3:17; Jn. 3:19; Jn. 4:42; Jn. 6:14; Jn. 6:33; Jn. 6:51; Jn. 7:4; Jn. 7:7; Jn. 8:12; Jn. 8:23; Jn. 8:26; Jn. 9:5; Jn. 9:39; Jn. 10:36; Jn. 11:9; Jn. 11:27; Jn. 12:19; Jn. 12:25; Jn. 12:31; Jn. 12:46; Jn. 12:47; Jn. 13:1; Jn. 14:17; Jn. 14:19; Jn. 14:22; Jn. 14:27; Jn. 14:30; Jn. 14:31; Jn. 15:18; Jn. 15:19; Jn. 16:8; Jn. 16:11; Jn. 16:20; Jn. 16:21; Jn. 16:28; Jn. 16:33; Jn. 17:5; Jn. 17:6; Jn. 17:9; Jn. 17:11; Jn. 17:13; Jn. 17:14; Jn. 17:15; Jn. 17:16; Jn. 17:18; Jn. 17:21; Jn. 17:23; Jn. 17:24; Jn. 17:25; Jn. 18:20; Jn. 18:36; Jn. 18:37; Jn. 21:25; 1 Jn. 2:2; 1 Jn. 2:15; 1 Jn. 2:16; 1 Jn. 2:17; 1 Jn. 3:1; 1 Jn. 3:13; 1 Jn. 3:17; 1 Jn. 4:1; 1 Jn. 4:3; 1 Jn. 4:4; 1 Jn. 4:5; 1 Jn. 4:9; 1 Jn. 4:14; 1 Jn. 4:17; 1 Jn. 5:4; 1 Jn. 5:5; 1 Jn. 5:19; 2 Jn. 1:7 End (outcome) (5056) telos means an end, a completion, a consummation. The word termination is close but misses the essence of the meaning, because a process can be terminated without reaching completion or consummation, which is the essence of the meaning of telos. The idea of telos is that the various stages that are reached to go on to full development (eternal significance). Accordingly "Christ is the end (consummation or telos) of the Law" (Ro 10:4), for Christ brought all the components of the OT to their complete fulfillment by His perfect life and death, and yet the law was not terminated (e.g., it is written on the hearts of believers (Heb 8:10+, Heb 10:16+) and God's Spirit still uses the Law to bring souls to Christ Who is the consummation of the Law! - see Law as a "tutor" in Gal 3:19-25+, cf the Law's effect to make sin exceedingly sinful, to make it come alive in Ro 7:8-12+, Ro 3:19+ gives law's purpose = "to keep people from having excuses." See discussion of Purpose of the Law). CHRONOLOGY OF THE GOSPEL ACCOUNTS OF THE EVENTS RELATED TO THE LAST PASSOVER & LAST SUPPER From the chart below we can make several observations regarding the timing of the events at the Last Passover and Last Supper as described in the Synoptic Gospels and John's Gospel. The betrayal is announced in all 4 Gospel accounts. Both Matthew and Mark place Jesus' announcement of a betrayer in their midst before His institution of the Lord's Supper. Luke places the disclosure of the betrayer after the institution of the Lord's Supper (see explanation). Luke's account has three discussions not in Matthew or Mark. John's Gospel makes no specific mention of the institution of the Lord's Supper, but includes the Upper Room Discourse not present in the synoptic Gospels. Most commentaries feel that Judas left the Passover meal before the Lord instituted the Lord's supper and before Jesus gave them the Upper Room Discourse in John 13-16. Stated another way, according to Matthew and Mark, the betrayal announcement came between the two suppers and is considered to be chronologically out of place in Luke. Thus the chronology of these events can be somewhat confusing if one relies solely on Luke's account which discusses the betrayal after the institution of the Lord's Supper. Clearly, it is almost unthinkable that Judas would have shared in the precious truth of the Lord's Supper and the institution of the New Covenant as is only for those who are genuine believers in Jesus. On the other hand, to be given the morsel by the host during the Passover meal was to be singled out for special honor and so Jesus was giving Judas an opportunity to repent when He bestowed this honor (John 13:26+) CHRONOLOGY OF GOSPEL ACCOUNTS OF EVENTS RELATED TO LAST PASSOVER & LORD'S SUPPER MATTHEW'S GOSPEL Matthew 26:21-25+ Betrayal Announced Matthew 26:26-29+ Lord's Supper Instituted MARK'S GOSPEL Mark 14:18-21+ Betrayal Announced Mark 14:22-25+ Lord's Supper Instituted LUKE'S GOSPEL Luke 22:19-20+ Lord's Supper Instituted Luke 22:21-23+ Betrayal Announced Luke 22:24-30+ Disciples Argue over Who is Greatest NOT IN Matthew or Mark Luke 22:31-35+ Jesus' Prophecy of Peter's Denial NOT IN Matthew or Mark Luke 22:36-38+ Jesus Talks of Swords NOT IN Matthew or Mark JOHN'S GOSPEL John 13:1-16+ Jesus' Example Washing Feet NOT IN SYNOPTIC GOSPELS John 13:17-30+ Betrayal Announced More Detail than Synoptic Gospels John 13-16 Jesus' Upper Room Discourse NOT IN SYNOPTIC GOSPELS NO MENTION of Lord's Supper C H
João 13
Vincent adds glossokomon was used for a coffin (ED: Judas' coveting would soon lead to a coffin!). Josephus applies it to the coffer in which the golden mice and emerods were preserved (1Sa 6:11). In the Septuagint, of the chest which Joash had provided for receiving contributions for the repairing of the Lord's house (2Chr 24:8). Gilbrant - This noun is a compound apparently derived from the noun glossa, “tongue,” and the verb komeō, “to take care of, to attend to.” The word appears in the vernacular form glōssokomeion of the case used to store the reeds of musical instruments, though more generally of caskets. More frequently it appears as glōssokomon and refers to various containers or receptacles, e.g., case, casket, cage, or money box. Moulton-Milligan calls it “decidedly vernacular” in its usage. Its original meaning is all but lost in the papyri and nonliterary records of the common language. Glōssokomon occurs in the Septuagint only five times, one of which appears only in Codex Vaticanus (B) (2 Samuel 6:11). Interestingly, Codex Vaticanus reads glōssokomon where the other manuscripts read kibōtos, usually rendered “ark” (Hebrew ’ărôn) in the Septuagint. ’Arôn stands behind glōssokomon in the remaining texts as well, all of which are found in 2 Chronicles 24 (2Chr 24:8,10,11). In 2 Chronicles 24 Joash ordered a “chest” to be constructed. This chest was placed outside of the temple gate, and the people were then instructed to bring their contributions (in accordance with Mosaic precedent, Exodus 38:21) and drop them into the container. This revenue was then used in the repair work on the temple (2 Chronicles 24:1-13ff.). New Testament Usage - The two instances of glōssokomon in the New Testament, both in John’s Gospel (12:6; 13:29), reflect the usage seen in both classical Greek and the Septuagint of “money box.” John tells us that Judas (whom John also described as a “thief”) kept the “money box.” Apparently money was a major motivation for Judas’ betrayal of Jesus (cf. especially Matthew 26:14-16). Here the definition “money box” is probably appropriate; it is attested elsewhere (cf. Bauer) and certainly implied in the Old Testament. (Complete Biblical Library) Glossokomon is used in Jn. 12:6; Jn. 13:29 and 3 times in the Septuagint - 2Chr 24:8; 2Chr 24:10; 2Chr 24:11 - Some add also in 1Sa 6:11 (but I cannot find it in the Septuagint of that verse - see note above). QUESTION - What does the Bible say about the prosperity gospel? Watch the Video. ANSWER - In the prosperity gospel, also known as the “Word of Faith Movement,” the believer is told to use God, whereas the truth of biblical Christianity is just the opposite—God uses the believer. Prosperity theology sees the Holy Spirit as a power to be put to use for whatever the believer wills. The Bible teaches that the Holy Spirit is a Person who enables the believer to do God’s will. The prosperity gospel movement closely resembles some of the destructive greed sects that infiltrated the early church. Paul and the other apostles were not accommodating to or conciliatory with the false teachers who propagated such heresy. They identified them as dangerous false teachers and urged Christians to avoid them. Paul warned Timothy about such men in 1 Timothy 6:5, 9-11. These men of “corrupt mind” supposed godliness was a means of gain and their desire for riches was a trap that brought them “into ruin and destruction” (v. 9). The pursuit of wealth is a dangerous path for Christians and one which God warns about: “For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. Some people, eager for money, have wandered from the faith and pierced themselves with many griefs” (v. 10). If riches were a reasonable goal for the godly, Jesus would have pursued it. But He did not, preferring instead to have no place to lay His head (Matthew 8:20) and teaching His disciples to do the same. It should also be remembered that the only disciple concerned with wealth was Judas. Paul said covetousness is idolatry (Ephesians 5:5) and instructed the Ephesians to avoid anyone who brought a message of immorality or covetousness (Ephesians 5:6-7). Prosperity teaching prohibits God from working on His own, meaning that God is not Lord of all because He cannot work until we release Him to do so. Faith, according to the Word of Faith doctrine, is not submissive trust in God; faith is a formula by which we manipulate the spiritual laws that prosperity teachers believe govern the universe. As the name “Word of Faith” implies, this movement teaches that faith is a matter of what we say more than whom we trust or what truths we embrace and affirm in our hearts. A favorite term of prosperity gospel teachers is “positive confession.” This refers to the teaching that words themselves have creative power. What you say, prosperity teachers claim, determines everything that happens to you. Your confessions, especially the favors you demand of God, must all be stated positively and without wavering. Then God is required to answer (as though man could require anything of God!). Thus, God’s ability to bless us supposedly hangs on our faith. James 4:13-16 clearly contradicts this teaching: “Now listen, you who say, ‘Today or tomorrow we will go to this or that city, spend a year there, carry on business and make money.’ Why, you do not even know what will happen tomorrow. What is your life? You are a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes.” Far from speaking things into existence in the future, we do not even know what tomorrow will bring or even whether we will be alive. Instead of stressing the importance of wealth, the Bible warns against pursuing it. Believers, especially leaders in the church (1 Timothy 3:3), are to be free from the love of money (Hebrews 13:5). The love of money leads to all kinds of evil (1 Timothy 6:10). Jesus warned, “Watch out! Be on your guard against all kinds of greed; a man’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions” (Luke 12:15). In sharp contrast to the prosperity gospel emphasis on gaining money and possessions in this life, Jesus said, “Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal” (Matthew 6:19). The irreconcilable contradictions between prosperity teaching and the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ is best summed up in the words of Jesus in Matthew 6:24, “You cannot serve both God and money.” GotQuestions.org Related Resources: Are all prosperity preachers charlatans and/or false teachers? | GotQuestions.org John 13:30 So after receiving the morsel he went out immediately; and it was night. John 13:30 CLICK HERE TO READ PASSAGE IN OVER 60 ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS went out: Pr 4:16 Isa 59:7 Ro 3:15 and it was night: Job 24:13-15 Related Passages: Isaiah 59:7 (DESCRIPTION OF JUDAS) Their feet run to evil, And they hasten to shed innocent blood; Their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity, Devastation and destruction are in their highways. Psalm 41:9 (PROPHECY FULFILLED BY JUDAS) Even my close friend in whom I trusted, Who ate my bread, Has lifted up his heel against me. Judas Departs Into the Night (Note - Artist depicts it incorrectly as day) JUDAS FILLED WITH DARKNESS ENTERS THE DARK NIGHT So (oun) - Term of conclusion. Judas was past the point of no return, past the point of repentance. His course and his destiny are sealed! After receiving (lambano) the morsel he went out immediately (euthus) - Jesus' command ("What you do, do quickly") results in Judas' quick exit. And it was night (nux) - It was literally night but for Judas it was spiritually night, and in one sense, it was the darkest night of all time, for it was the night of the Lord's betrayal by a close acquaintance (cf Ps 41:9). It would begin a night of remorse for Judas that would never end! Not only would he be punished eternally, the degree of punishment he will receive will likely be the greatest of anyone ever born, because Judas had the greatest exposure of any human being to the countless miracles of Jesus (see Lk 10:13-15+)! THOUGHT - When I share the Gospel with people, some say that they can't believe the Bible, but add that if they saw Jesus perform miracles like He did in the first century, they would believe. No they wouldn't! If they do not believe the Gospel of Jesus, they wouldn't believe if a man were raised from the dead (because Jesus was raised from the dead)! Jesus said (to a rich man in Hades) "If they (the rich man's 5 brothers) do not listen to Moses and the Prophets (cf Gal 3:8), they will not be persuaded even if someone rises from the dead.’” (See Lk 16:31+). And it was night (dark) recalls Jesus' words earlier in John... So Jesus said to them, “For a little while longer the Light is among you. Walk while you have the Light, so that darkness will not overtake you; he who walks in the darkness does not know where he goes. 36 “While you have the Light, believe in the Light, so that you may become sons of Light.” (JUDAS WOULD BE A SON OF PERDITION!) These things Jesus spoke, and He went away and hid Himself from them. (John 12:35-36+) And it was that very night that Judas' led the chief priests to arrest Him, prompting Jesus to declare “While I was with you daily in the temple, you did not lay hands on Me; but this hour and the power of darkness are yours.” (Luke 22:53+) Power of darkness of course refers to the power of Satan who had his "hour" entering Judas, but would soon be forever defeated in Jesus' hour of triumph at the Cross (cf Heb 2:14-15+). One is also reminded of Jesus' words in John 3:19+ "And this is the judgment, that the Light is come into the world, and men loved the darkness rather than the Light; for their deeds were evil." Judas loved the darkness and would get his heart's desire living forever in torment in the darkness of the Lake of Fire (Gehenna), where he would experience weeping and gnashing of his teeth to a degree I cannot even fathom! (Mt 8:12+, Mt 22:13, Mt 25:30). A T