1 Coríntios 6
Matthew Henry · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Coríntios 6
Henry: "Men are very much inclined to flatter themselves that God is such a one as themselves, and that they may live in sin and yet die in Christ, may lead the life of the devil’s children and yet go to heaven with the children of God. But this is all a gross cheat. Note, It is very much the concern of mankind that they do not cheat themselves in the matters of their souls. We cannot hope to sow to the flesh and yet reap everlasting life." Paul is not saying that a single infraction or even a "season" of sin will cause a person to lose his salvation, for one who is truly born again cannot be "unborn!". He is saying that people who continue to lead a life of sin, who are habitual thieves, who intentionally go on committing one or more of the four enumerated varieties of sexual immorality, who refuse to give up the other egregious sins named, show by their behavior that they are not part of God’s people (cp 1 Jn 3:9+). Mere mental assent to doctrines or to the fact of Yeshua’s Messiahship is not sufficient for salvation, for “faith without works is dead.” (Jas 2:26+). Related Resources: What is the definition of idolatry? | GotQuestions.org What are some modern forms of idolatry? | GotQuestions.org Is religious iconography considered idolatry? What is an icon? | GotQuestions.org Jewish NT commentary: "The idea that a person can profess belief in...Yeshua and still highhandedly go on sinning is repugnant to the writers of Scripture. Overly easygoing congregations bring shame on the Messianic Community by soft pedaling the need for believers to change their lifestyles. Such congregations produce complacent pseudo-believers. Some take advantage of the notion that God is gradually changing them, thereby justifying continued indulgence in their sins. God, who has made his will clear, has provided through the power of the Lord Yeshua the Messiah and the Spirit of our God everything needed to overcome known grievous sins like the ones named in these verses. We are not to presume on God’s patience (Ro 2:3-6)." Charles Hodge: "The tendency to divorce religion from morality has manifested itself in all ages of the world and under all forms of religion. The pagan, the Jew, the Muslim, the nominal Christian have all been exact in the performance of religious services and zealous in the assertion and defense of what they regard as religious truth, even while unrestrained in the indulgence of every evil passion. This arises from looking upon religion as an outward service and God as a being to be feared and propitiated, but not to be loved and obeyed. According to the Gospel, all moral duties are religious services; and piety is the conformity of the soul to the image and will of God. So, to be religious and yet immoral is, according to the Christian system, as palpable a contradiction as to be good and wicked. In the Bible, believers are often called heirs. Their inheritance is a kingdom—the kingdom that God has established and that is to be consummated in heaven (Lu12:32; Mt25:34; etc.). From this inheritance all the immoral will be excluded, no matter how zealously they may profess the truth or how assiduously they may perform religious services. Let it also be remembered that immorality, according to the Bible, does not consist exclusively in outward sins, but also in sins of the heart such as greed, malice, envy, pride, and such like (Ga5:19-21). No wonder that the disciples, on a certain occasion, asked their Master, “Lord, are only a few people going to be saved?” or that the Lord answered them by saying, “Small is the gate and narrow the road that leads to life, and only a few find it” (Lu13:23; Mt7:14).
1 Coríntios 6:20
Henry: Defenders Study Bible. World Publishing) Frederick Godet… The phrase glorify God does not signify merely: not to dishonor Him; it means to display positively in the use of our body the glory and especially the holiness of the heavenly Master Who has taken possession of our person. Man has lost, in whole or part, since his fall, the feeling which was so to speak the guardian of his body, that of natural modesty. Faith restores to it a more elevated guardian: self-respect as being bought by Christ the organ of the Spirit and temple of God. This is modesty raised henceforth to the height of holiness. Glorify (1392) (doxazo from doxa = glory) has a secular meaning of to think, suppose, be of opinion, (Aeschylus, Sophocles, Xenophon, Plato, Thucydides) but generally is not used in this sense in Scripture. Doxazo means to praise, honor or magnify (Mt 5:16; 6:2; Lk 5:25f; Ac 11:18; Ro 11:13; 1 Cor 12:26; 1 Pt 4:16) and to clothe in splendor, glorify (John 8:54; 13:31f; 17:1, 4; 21:19; 2 Cor 3:10; 1 Pt 1:8; of life after death John 12:16, 23; Ac 3:13; Ro 8:30) BDAG summarizes doxazo's two basic meanings (1) To influence one’s opinion about another so as to enhance the latter’s reputation - most often Scripture speaks of glorifying God, the Father or the Son. Miracles caused people to glorify God. (Mt 6:2; Rev 18:7 Mt 5:16, Mt 9:8; Mt 15:31; Mk 2:12; Lk 5:25, 26; 7:16; 13:13; 17:15; 18:43; 23:47; Ac 11:18; 21:20; Ro 15:6, 9; 1Pe 2:12; Gal 1:24 1Co 6:20; 1Pe 4:16.God’s spirit is honored 1Pe 4:14, because of something seen and heard = Lk 2:20; Ac 4:21; 2Cor 9:13; 1Pe 4:11. Ro 1:21 (the cardinal sin is not to be grateful for benefactions; reciprocity requires glorification of the benefactor, hence the freq. reference to the effect that one knows how to acknowledge benefits, Rev 15:4 Of Christ Lk 4:15;Ro 11:13. 1Cor 12:26) John 15:8 (Jesus said) “My Father is glorified by this (What?), that you bear much fruit, and so prove to be My disciples." Comment: Fruit speaks of something produced by a outside power. We bear fruit as the Spirit supernaturally works in and through us (Gal 5:22-note, Gal 5:23-note). This fruit is synonymous in this context with good deeds or good works (Good Deeds - study). If this "fruits" are "our" self initiated, self empowered, "good" works, most likely we will receive the glory (praise - cp Pr 27:21) from men, but if they are Spirit initiated and empowered works, God can receive the proper glory and honor He alone deserves. "Good" works must be "God" works so that our Father in heaven might be properly glorified by men. Mt 5:16-note teaches the same principle - men see the works but these works are such that they are not natural works but point to and give a proper estimate of the Supernatural One, our Father, Who is the source of all "good" works. Amen! (2) to cause to have splendid greatness - clothe in splendor, glorify, of the glory that comes in the next life. (Jn 7:39, 12:16 = of Jesus glorified state; The simple definition of glorify is to give a correct opinion, a correct estimate of Who God is. How? By the way you behave (your "fruit" Jn 15:8, cp Mt 5:16-note) and in the present context, by what you do (or better yet "don't do") with your physical body. ISBE Article on glorify Vine on doxazo - primarily denotes "to suppose" (from doxa, "an opinion"); in the NT (a) "to magnify, extol, praise" (see doxa below), especially of "glorifying;" God, i.e., ascribing honor to Him, acknowledging Him as to His being, attributes and acts, i.e., His glory (see GLORY), e.g., Matthew 5:16 ; 9:8 ; 15:31 ; Romans 15:6,9 ; Galatians 1:24 ; 1 Peter 4:16 ; the Word of the Lord, Acts 13:48 ; the Name of the Lord, Revelation 15:4 ; also of "glorifying" oneself, John 8:54 ;Revelation 18:7 ; (b) "to do honor to, to make glorious, e.g., Romans 8:30 ;2 Corinthians 3:10 ; 1 Peter 1:8 , "full of glory," Passive Voice (lit., "glorified"); said of Christ, e.g., John 7:39 ; 8:54 , RV, "glorifieth," for AV, "honor" and "honoreth" (which would translate timao, "to honor"); of the Father, e.g., John 13:31,32 ; 21:19 ; 1 Peter 4:11 ; of "glorifying" one's ministry, Romans 11:13 , RV, "glorify" (AV, "magnify"); of a member of the body, 1 Corinthians 12:26 , "be honored" (RV marg., "be glorified"). "As the glory of God is the revelation and manifestation of all that He has and is ..., it is said of a Self-revelation in which God manifests all the goodness that is His, John 12:28 . So far as it is Christ through whom this is made manifest, He is said to glorify the Father, John 17:1,4 ; or the Father is glorified in Him, John 13:31 ; 14:13 ; and Christ's meaning is analogous when He says to His disciples, 'Herein is My Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit; and so shall ye be My disciples,' John 15:8 . When doxazo is predicated of Christ ..., it means simply that His innate glory is brought to light, is made manifest; cp. John 11:4 . SoJohn 7:39 ; 12:16,23 ; 13:31 ; 17:1,5 . It is an act of God the Father in Him. ... As the revelation of the Holy Spirit is connected with the glorification of Christ, Christ says regarding Him, "He shall glorify Me,' John 16:14 " (Cremer). (Vine's Expository Dictionary of the NT) THE CHIEF END OF MAN The Westminster Catechism asks… Q. 1. What is the chief end of man? A. Man's chief end is to glorify God [a] and to enjoy him for ever. [b] [a]. Ps 86:9-note; Php 1:11-note; Is 60:21; Ro 11:36-note; 1Co 6:20; 10:31; Re 4:11-note [b]. Ps 16:5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11-note; Ps 144:15-note; Is 12:2; Lk 2:10; Php 4:4-note; Re 21:3,4-note (The Westminster Shorter Catechism) Practically this means to manifest His qualities in one's life (not that we are to be "little gods" but we are partakers of His divine nature 2Pe 1:4-note). When we obey Paul's command to continually discipline ourselves for godliness, we are well on the "road" to glorifying God, for godliness in simple terms is "God-likeness"! As we imitate Him (Paul = 1Cor 11:1, Eph 5:1-note - What does this look like? see Eph 5:2-note; What is the response to imitation of God? 1Th 1:6-note, 1Th 2:14-note; He 6:12-note, 1Pe 2:21-note = walk in Messiah's footprints), empowered by Him (His Spirit - Eph 3:16-note), the lost world sees something that is not natural but which is in fact supernatural. When our supernatural lives (or better His supernatural life, Gal 2:20-note) glorify God, some observers will be drawn to the aroma (2Co 2:15, 16, cp Ep 5:2-note), while others will shrink back (He 10:39-note, cp Jn 3:20), but both groups will know they have witnessed a proper estimate or opinion of the invisible God! When we properly glorify God to others, a neutral response is not really an option (cp 1Ki 18:21 when Elijah gave a "proper opinion" of God!). Even as the Holy Word, spoken with unction and the enduement of the Holy Spirit, will comfort the afflicted and afflict the comfortable, so too, a holy life empowered by the Holy Spirit will elicit a response! Believers are to live for "the praise of His glory" (Ep 1:12-note, Ep 1:14-note, 1Cor 10:31, Php 1:11-note, the "fruit" of prayer, Php 1:9, 10-note). (For a more erudite elucidation see Puritan Thomas Watson's discussion Man's Chief End is to Glorify God) John Witmer writes that To glorify God (Ro 15:6-note) or to give Him glory (Jer 13:16) means to show forth His virtues (1Pe 2:9-note). Our worship is to give Him glory (Rev 4:11-note, Re 5:12-note). Even the answers to our prayers bring glory to the Father (Jn 14:13). His glory will be rewarded in believers when they are in His presence in heaven (Ro 8:18-note). As Paul wrote, God is the One "to Whom be glory for ever and ever." (Gal 1:5, Jude 1:25) Display in your daily life the qualities of the Holy Spirit that will allow others to see Christ in you and to glorify God. (The Theological Wordbook, page 138-139) Glorify is in the aorist imperative is a command calling for an immediate (no procrastination, no delay) response. Don't hesitate. Don't rationalize. Like the popular secular commercial slogan says "Just Do It!". The active voice signifies you are the one who must carry out the performance of this command. From other Scriptures, we know that although we must carry out this command, it is God's provision of His strengthening grace and His enabling Spirit which allow us to carry out this command and even give us the desire to do it in such a way that it is pleasing to our Father. (Php 2:12-note, Php 2:13-note, cp Ezek 36:26, 27 which is an OT allusion to the New Covenant of grace and the promised Spirit). Don't try to obey this command in your own strength beloved! You can't and God never said you could (remember Jesus' words "I am with you even to the end of the age" Mt 28:20 and the writer of Hebrews reminder from God that "I will never leave you nor forsake you" He 13:5-note) Do you feel weak and inadequate to obey Paul's command? Good! You're in the place of grace, for when you are weak, then the Spirit of Christ can be strong (2Cor 12:9-note, 2Co 12:10-note). Remember that you are under grace, not law, so don't try to draw up a list of do's and don'ts to help you obey. The Law could not justify (past tense salvation) us, so why do we think it can it sanctify (present tense salvation) us?! The law will only arouse the old nature (Ro 7:5-note), that intractably anti-god flesh nature that still resides in our mortal bodies (Gal 3:1, 2 and especially Gal 3:3). Instead of rules, continually choose to yield to the Spirit's prompting, and you will not fulfill the evil desires of your fallen flesh (Gal 5:16-note). And remember that God will not test you beyond what you are able to stand against (1Cor 10:13-note; cp Gal 5:1). If you fail to stand (we all fail, for we are not yet glorified!), then don't "throw in the towel", don't "get down" on yourself. Instead, get back up (Pr 24:16), confess and turn from you sin (1Jn 1:9), and submit yourself afresh to the Spirit (Ep 5:18-note) and walk in a manner that glorifies God (Mt 5:16-note). Walking is not easy for babies, and it takes weeks to months before they are steady and confident. Spiritual walking is not much different. It's just taking one step after another, making steady progress in the right direction. Our spiritual walk is not an arrival (in this life at least) but a process. So make the decision to glorify God in your body, once and for all (that's the idea of the aorist imperative). Then every time you are tempted not to obey the command to glorify God, take that next step in faith, trusting in the truth that the Spirit will lead you and empower you (Gal 5:18-note; Gal 5:25-note). God is for us (Ro 8:31-note) and His Son is interceding for us (Ro 8:34-note), so who can be against us in this battle (cp 1Pe 2:11-note) for purity and holiness in the midst of a increasingly crooked and perverse society (Php 2:15-note). God has called us to be more than conquerors through Christ (Ro 8:37-note) and given us everything necessary for life and godliness in a true knowledge of Him (2Pe 1:3-note, 2Pe 1:4-note). Walk out in confidence that the battle is the Lord's (2Chr 20:15. 17, Ps 24:8, Pr 21:31, Zech 14:3) and that the victory has already been won at Calvary. Doxazo - 61x in 53v - Mt 5:16; 6:2 = self glory/honor; Mt 9:8 = they glorified or gave a proper estimate of God; Mt 15:31; Mk 2:12; Lk 2:20; 4:15; 5:25, 26; 7:16; 13:13; 17:15; 18:43; 23:47; Jn 7:39; 8:54; 11:4; 12:16, 23, 28; 13:31, 32; 14:13; 15:8; 16:14; 17:1, 4, 5, 10; 21:19; Acts 3:13; 4:21; 11:18; 13:48; 21:20; Ro 1:21; 8:30; 11:13; 15:6, 9; 1Co 6:20; 12:26; 2Co 3:10; 9:13; Gal 1:24; 2Th 3:1; He 5:5; 1Pe 1:8; 2:12; 4:11, 16; Re 15:4; 18:7. NAS renders doxazo as - full of glory(1), glorified(20), glorifies(1), glorify(19), glorifying(12), had glory(1), has… glory(1), honor(1), honored(2), magnify(1), praised(1), praising(1). Doxazo - 67v in the Septuagint (LXX)- Ex 15:1, 2, 6, 11, 21; 34:29, 30, 35; Lev 10:3; Deut 33:16; Jdg 9:9; 13:17; 1Sa 2:29, 30; 15:30; 2Sa 6:20, 22; 10:3; 1Chr 17:18; 19:3; Ezra 7:27; 8:36; Esther 3:1; 4:17; 6:6, 7, 9, 11; 10:3; Ps 15:4; 22:23; 37:20; 50:15, 23; 86:9, 12; 87:3; 91:15; Pr 13:18; Isa 4:2; 5:16; 10:15; 24:23; 25:1; 33:10; 42:10; 43:4, 23; 44:23; 49:3, 5; 52:13; 55:5; 60:7, 13; 66:5; Lam 1:8; 5:12; Ezek 39:13; Da 1:20; 2:6; 4:34, 37; 5:23; 11:38; Mal 1:6, 11 In your body - The Living Bible expands on Paul's thought of the "body" rendering it "So use every part of your body to give glory back to God because he owns it." Paul has just stated that the believer's physical body is the Temple of the living and holy God. "What was the purpose of a temple in Paul's day?" Clearly a temple was a place where one would worship. The believers, many of whom had been idol worshippers, understood Paul's allusion, for they had often frequented the pagan temples and "worshipped" the false gods by committing lewd acts with the pagan priestesses ("temple prostitutes".) Paul is saying now the believer's body has the supreme purpose of glorifying God. Practically he as calling for the Corinthian believers to walk in a manner worthy of their holy calling so that they would cause others (both believers and pagans) to have a proper opinion of the one true God. The way the believer lives and uses his or her body influences the opinion of others in essentially one of two ways, either enhancing God's reputation or denigrating it! Let us walk worthy so that we might obey this urgent call to glorify God in our bodies in a sex saturated society that is doing anything and everything to and with their bodies! MacArthur tells a story illustrating the point of this section… A friend once took a visitor to a large Catholic cathedral in the east. The visitor wanted to pray at the station of his favorite saint. But upon arriving at that station, he was startled to find no candles lit, and a sign saying, “Do not worship here; closed for cleaning.” The Corinthians provided no divine focus, either, no place for seeking souls to worship, since they were unclean. That, Paul said, had to change. (MacArthur, J: 1Corinthians. Chicago: Moody Press) Zeisler remarks… What a possibility, that God himself could be glorified by our bodies! Furthermore, remembering the context here, Paul is saying that God is glorified when we resist temptation to involve ourselves in sexual immorality. But it is also true to say that God is glorified when we use our sexuality for the purposes he intended. Husbands and wives should rejoice in their sexuality. They should grow in it and experience it more fully. That too is glorifying to God. There is nothing of an anti-sexual bias in these verses. The warnings are against being controlled in ways that are ungodly. Proverbs 5:18 (note) says, "Rejoice in the wife of your youth. As a loving hind and a graceful doe, let her breasts satisfy you at all times. Be intoxicated always with her love." There is a sense in which denying what is wrong and agreeing to what is right in our sexual behavior is an extraordinary gift. Paul is not saying we should run from it, rather he is saying we should use our bodies to glorify God. It seems perhaps ironic, perhaps not so ironic, that of all the people alive today who can look forward to a future in which there can be joy attached to their sexuality, it is precisely those people who have listened all along; those who have decided that monogamy or abstinence are the only options for them. We can be married to one mate, or else we can trust the Lord to keep our sexuality channeled solely for that purpose. People who have decided to act in this fashion do not need to fear sexually transmitted disease, and death. And, as far as those who claim to be liberated are concerned, those who claim to know more about human sexuality than the Bible knows, increasingly their sex lives will be tainted with fear, restriction and uncertainty. They will find themselves living in a world filled with passions that may very well kill them. Those who have determined to glorify God in their bodies, however, are the ones who can look forward to their sexuality with joy, not fear. Sex for Christians should never be considered casual. It is not something done in private, as if God were not present. It is always important. God is always present, and will be either honored or dishonored by our behavior. Sexual sin is demeaning and costly. But whatever your past has been does not have to determine your future. If you are in Christ, as we have already seen, "you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified." (1Cor 6:11) A great price has been paid for you (1Pe 1:18, 19-note). "Therefore," says Paul, "glorify God in your body." Make the choice to glorify God. Then, because he loves us, in choosing to glorify him we will find ourselves given life, joy, and a sense of approval. (GLORIFY GOD IN YOUR BODY)