Isaías 61
Matthew Henry · Citado em PreceptAustin
Isaías 61
Henry - Isaiah 61:4-9. Promises are here made to the Jews returned out of captivity, which extend to all those who, through grace, are delivered out of spiritual thraldom. An unholy soul is like a city that is broken down, and has no walls, like a house in ruins; but by the power of Christ's Gospel and grace, it is fitted to be a habitation of God, through the Spirit. When, by the grace of God, we attain to holy indifference as to the affairs of this world; when, though our hands are employed about them, our hearts are not entangled with them, but preserved entire for God and His service, then the sons of the alien are our ploughmen and vine-dressers. Those whom He sets at liberty, he sets to work. His service is perfect freedom; it is the greatest honour. Isaiah 61:5 Strangers will stand and pasture your flocks, And foreigners will be your farmers and your vinedressers. Isa 14:1,2 Isa 60:10-14 Eph 2:12-20 ICB - My people, foreigners will come to tend your sheep. People from other countries will tend your vineyards. Israel was not intended to be slaves and servants but to be rulers and leaders. The restoration will include this change of position for the Jews. Strangers...foreigners - Speaks of the saved Gentiles who enter the Millennial Kingdom. Those who once were Israel's staunch enemies will now be her supporters, a miracle that only Jehovah could have brought about! Strangers...pasture...foreigners...farmers - The Gentiles will work gladly and voluntarily and not out of compulsion as the Gibeonites who were forced to perform menial offices (Josh 9:21–27). Gary Smith on Strangers...foreigners - Isaiah 60:3-16 describe some of the foreigners who will come with gifts and sacrifices to give to God. Once these people have arrived and have worshipped the Lord (Isa 56:3-7; 60:7), not all of them will immediately return to their homelands (Isa 66:18-20), but some will assist the Hebrews by shepherding their sheep, plowing their fields, and dressing their vineyards. This describes a reversal of roles in the past. Earlier the Israelites had worked their land and cared for their flocks in order to pay the heavy taxes that foreign nations demanded of them, but in the future these foreigners "will stand" (ʿāmdû) before the Israelites, waiting and ready to help them in any way they can. There is no indication that this involves any kind of forced labor or revenge against the nation; rather, one should assume that this service will be done out of gratitude, thankfulness, and cooperation."(Ibid) Motyer - ‘Stand’ suggests taking responsibility and exercising oversight as well as continuing in the work. (The Prophecy of Isaiah) Isaiah 60 describes this future glorious day in the Land of Israel... “Foreigners (Gentiles) will build up your walls, And their kings will minister to you; For in My wrath I struck you, And in My favor I have had compassion on you. 11 “Your gates will be open continually; They will not be closed day or night, So that men may bring to you the wealth of the nations, With their kings led in procession. 12 “For the (Gentile) nation and the kingdom which will not serve you will perish, And the nations will be utterly ruined. 13 “The glory of Lebanon will come to you, The juniper, the box tree and the cypress together, To beautify the place of My sanctuary; And I shall make the place of My feet glorious. 14 “The sons of those who afflicted you (Gentiles) will come bowing to you, And all those who despised you will bow themselves at the soles of your feet; And they will call you the city of the LORD, The Zion of the Holy One of Israel. (Isa 60:10-14) Isaiah 61:6 But you will be called the priests of the LORD; You will be spoken of as ministers of our God. You will eat the wealth of nations, And in their riches you will boast called: Isa 60:17 66:21 Ex 19:6 Ro 12:1 1Pe 2:5,9 Rev 1:6 5:10 20:6, called, Eze 14:11 1Co 3:5 4:1 2Co 6:4 11:23 Eph 4:11,12 will eat: Isa 23:18 60:5-7,10,11,16 66:12 Ac 11:28-30 Ro 15:26,27 LXE But ye shall be called priests of the Lord, the ministers of God: ye shall eat the strength of nations, and shall be admired because of their wealth. Septuagint-NETS - but you shall be called priests of the Lord, ministers of God; you shall devour the strength of nations, and with their wealth you shall be admired. ICB You will be called priests of the Lord. You will be named the servants of our God. You will have riches from all the nations on earth. And you will take pride in them. KJV I But ye shall be named the Priests of the LORD: men shall call you the Ministers of our God: ye shall eat the riches of the Gentiles, and in their glory shall ye boast yourselves. ESV but you shall be called the priests of the LORD; they shall speak of you as the ministers of our God; you shall eat the wealth of the nations, and in their glory you shall boast. NLT You will be called priests of the LORD, ministers of our God. You will feed on the treasures of the nations and boast in their riches. NET You will be called, 'the LORD's priests, servants of our God.' You will enjoy the wealth of nations and boast about the riches you receive from them. PROPHECY WILL BE FULFILLED To what prophecy am I referring? To the prophetic promise Yahweh bestowed on the fledgling nation of Israel through His mediator Moses at the foot of the Mountain of God, Mount Sinai (Horeb). Moses records the promise... Now then, IF you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, THEN you shall be My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine; and you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ (Exodus 19:5-6+) Comment - Note it was a conditional promise and for the most part the conditions were not met by the nation. But even though Israel as a nation did not obey His voice in the past, she will obey His voice in the future, for God Himself will give her a new heart (Ezek 36:26+, cf Jeremiah 31:31-34+) that will obey and His Spirit to enable them to obey (Ezek 36:27+). But - term of contrast should always prompt the question "What is being contrasted?" Before Israel had been despised and denigrated by the nations. In this future day they will be privileged as priests and ministers to God. Who is you? The Jews who are declared righteous (cf "oaks of righteousness" Isa 61:3) by grace through faith in the Messiah . Priests of the LORD...ministers of our God - Notice the repetition. Clearly Israel's focus in the Millennium will be on Jehovah their God through the new covenant (cf " I will be their God, and they shall be My people" = Jer 31:33+)
Isaías 61
Henry - All believers are made to our God, kings and priests; and always ought to conduct themselves as such. Those who have the Lord for their portion, have reason to say, that they have worthy portion, and to rejoice in it. You will be spoken of as ministers of our God - The Septuagint uses leitourgos to translate ministers which was a word used by to the Septuagint to primarily to describe the Old Testament priestly service to God and of service to man. In the NT leitourgos was used to describe one who carried out God's will by serving others. Gary Smith on priests...ministers - They (Israel) will have a spiritual role of ministering to the nations; thus, the nations will recognize the special status of those who were used by God to bring knowledge of the truth to these nations. As priests the Israelites mediate the riches of God's blessings to the (Gentile) nations, so it is not surprising that the nations will joyfully share their riches to supply the material needs (the food to eat) of those who minister to them. In the past the Israelites supplied food for the priest, but now the foreign nations will provide food for the Israelites who will then be considered priests of God. (New American Commentary – Isaiah 40-66: Volume 15b) W E Vine - They (Israel) themselves will be what the Lord designed them to be from the beginning, “a kingdom of priests” (Ex. 19:6+). Accordingly in this high service they will be, from the earthly point of view, associated with the Church in its priestly ministry (1 Peter 2:5,9+). Not only so, the Gentile nations will recognize them as acting in this capacity and will acknowledge the God of Israel as the true God. All the Gentile powers who have in past periods used the world for their self-enrichment, will become the possession of His people, who will “eat the wealth of the nations.” All that the Gentiles boasted in, glorying in their development and prowess and in the objects to which they devoted the products and deposits of the earth, will be bestowed upon Israel under the benign and firm administration of Christ (in the Millennium). This whole subject is described by the apostle Paul in Romans 11:12-32+ ("Now if their transgression is riches for the world and their failure is riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their fulfillment be!") If their fall and their present loss has meant the riches of the Gentiles through Gospel grace and ministry, still greater will be the effect of their fullness, that is, the full national prosperity of Israel. “From the standpoint of the Gospel they are enemies for your sake, but from the standpoint of God's choice [ELECTION - the predestining counsel of God concerning them] they are beloved for the sake of the fathers." (Ro 11:28+) (Collected Writings of W E Vine) You will eat the wealth of nations (Gentiles), And in their riches you will boast: Boast in the Septuagint is thaumazo which means to marvel, wonder, be astonished. Thaumazo is the human response when confronted by divine revelation in some form. Thaumazo is used in Hab 1:5+ “Look among the nations! Observe! Be astonished (thaumazo)! Wonder! Because I am doing something in your days– You would not believe if you were told." Butler writes "The Jews will be provided for by the wealth of the Gentiles. God’s cupboards are often in strange places but His provisions are always adequate. The restoration will bless Israel with great provisions." Caveat Emptor - Although I have a few quotes from the Pulpit Commentary (because the quotes are "spot on" as the Brits would say), this does not signify that I endorse all of their comments. For example, on the statement You will eat the wealth of nations, the Pulpit Commentary writes "The Gentiles, when they came in, would freely offer to the Church of their substance." Isaiah is NOT addressing the Church here but the redeemed in the literal Nation of Israel, thus the Pulpit Commentary is very misleading. In fact the PC has the word "Church" some 827 times in the book of Isaiah despite the fact that the "Church" is not found once in a literal reading of this prophecy. So "Be a Berean!" (Acts 17:11+) and don't replace the literal nation of Israel with the New Testament Church! (see resources below). Related Resources: What is replacement theology / supersessionism? | GotQuestions.org What is spiritual Israel? | GotQuestions.org What is New Israel? Riches is actually kabod which means glory, so that in their riches is literally in their glory.