Isaías 61
Thomas Constable · Citado em PreceptAustin
Isaías 61
Constable - The reason for its (Jerusalem's prophesied) destruction was its failure to realize Messiah’s visit and His offer of salvation. Consequently His visit would result in judgment.
Isaías 61
Constable - Israel has never prayed like this. The fulfillment must still be future, at the beginning of Christ’s Millennial reign. Brokenhearted is two Hebrew words shabar (to break, break in pieces, crush) and leb (heart). The Septuagint translates with two Greek words, suntribo (crushed completely, shattered, or to broken in pieces) and kardia (heart). Related Resource - How can I recover from heartbreak / a broken heart? Constable says good news in this section means Messiah "would mend the hearts of those so broken by life that they despair of having any hope." The NET Note comments on this extra phrase in Lk 4:18KJV - The majority of MSS, especially the later Byzantines, include the phrase "to heal the brokenhearted" at this point (A Q Y 0102 ¦(1 )Û). The phrase is lacking in several weighty MSS (a B D L W X ¦(13 )33 579 700 892* pc lat sy(s )co), including representatives from both the Alexandrian and Western text types. From the standpoint of external evidence, the omission of the phrase is more likely original. When internal evidence is considered, the shorter reading becomes almost certain. Scribes would be much more prone to add the phrase here to align the text with Isaiah 61:1 ("He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted") the source of the quotation, than to remove it from the original. Isaiah 57 is a similar passage Isaiah 57:15 For thus says the high and exalted One Who lives forever, whose name is Holy, “I dwell on a high and holy place, And also with the contrite and lowly of spirit In order to revive the spirit of the lowly And to revive the heart of the contrite. MESSIAH PROCLAIMS LIBERTY TO THE CAPTIVES To proclaim liberty to captives - The Greek reads "aichmalotois (aichmalotos) aphesin (aphesis)" Isaiah 42 gives a similar promise speaking of what Messiah will perform spiritually for the nation of Israel in the future, but of course applicable now to Gentiles who are spiritually blind (cf Jn 8:12), imprisoned by sin and Satan (cf Jn 8:31-32) and inhabiting Satan's kingdom of darkness (cf Acts 26:18-note)... Isaiah 42:7 (cf also Isa 49:9) To open blind eyes, To bring out prisoners from the dungeon And those who dwell in darkness from the prison. As W E Vine says this promise "will be made true in regard to the Person of the Lord Jesus Christ, concerning Israel, in a day to come." John
Isaías 61
Constable says that Jews saved when Messiah returns "would become like large trees, flourishing in righteousness by demonstrating the saving and enabling grace of God and so glorifying Him. God’s righteousness would make them strong and durable." Allen Ross on oaks of righteousness - “trees of righteousness” means that the people will be solidly and enduringly righteous. Gary Smith - These "plantings" (his people) are God's vines planted in his vineyard (Isa 5:1-7; 27:2-6), and at this time they will produce the fruit of righteousness instead of bad fruit. The symbolism of being like oaks may communicate how strong, well-rooted, and glorious these righteous people will be. These are the people that God planted "to bring glory to himself" (Isa 60:21b) for all the marvelous things that he has done. This purpose clause indicates that one of the main goals of mankind will be to fulfill this joyful responsibility of glorifying God forever. Those who receive God's good news, freedom, comfort, and experience this transformation will have many reasons to loudly praise and glorify God's name. (Ibid) By making Israel (and all believers) like oaks of righteousness, God in a sense "beautifies" them as if His workmanship, His masterpiece (poiema in Eph 2:10-note) on display for all the world to see.
Isaías 61
Constable - Israel could count on these promises because of who Yahweh is: a lover of justice (faithful to His promises to Israel) and a hater of iniquitous robbery (Israel’s enemies taking what did not belong to them). God would give Israel her inheritance and would make a new, everlasting covenant with her And make an everlasting covenant with them - This is a reference to the New Covenant (specifically named "new" in Jer 31:31-note) which God says is "an everlasting covenant" in (Jer 32:40, cf "everlasting lovingkindness" [hesed is a covenant term] = Isaiah 54:8; "an everlasting covenant that will not be forgotten" = Jeremiah 50:5; "I will establish an everlasting covenant with you." = Ezekiel 16:60-note; "I will make a covenant of peace with them; it will be an everlasting covenant with them" = Ezekiel 37:26-note; "the blood of the eternal covenant" = Heb 13:20-note). This everlasting covenant includes the blessings of the New Covenant that Jesus Christ instituted by His death (Heb. 10:1–18; Matt. 26:28). Given the fact that the "New Covenant" was initially given to Israel, it will not be until the Messiah returns and delivers Israel that this covenant will be full realized for the nation. In this "day of grace" (between the "favorable year" and the "day of vengeance" - Isa 61:2), the New Covenant is in a sense fulfilled in any Jew who receives the Messiah as Savior and Lord (recall that all those present when Jesus inaugurated this New Covenant at Passover were Jewish, but not all believed for Judas who actually took the bread and wine, but was not a believer - cf Mt 26:21-29, Mt 26:24 indicates Judas was NOT a true believer.). Related Resources: New Covenant in the Old Testament Walter Kaiser's article - The Old Promise and the New Covenant - Jeremiah 31:31-34 Make (cut) (03772) see study of karath Everlasting (05769) see study of olam Covenant (01285) see study of berit/berith/beriyth Notice how some writers take passages like this and replace Israel with the Church. The "them their...them" in context refers to the nation of Israel! It does not refer to the Church. Context must remain king to assure that you accurately interpret the Scripture (See Keep Context King)! Here is the note that in itself is not bad but notice to whom it is addressed "THE CHURCH" when it should be addressed "TO THE NATION OF ISRAEL!" Disciple's Study Bible - THE CHURCH, Covenant People--Learning what God is like helps us know what He wants His people to be and do. God loves justice. He wants righteousness extended to every sphere of life. He hates attitudes and actions which harm people. He swiftly judges robbery and oppression. God's promise to His people is to establish justice among us as the distinguishing mark of His people." Related Resources: What is replacement theology / supersessionism? What is spiritual Israel? What is Israelology? Will all Israel be saved in the end times? What does it mean that the church has been grafted in Israel’s place? Articles by Arnold Fruchtenbaum related to Israel Israelology: Part 1 of 6 Introduction: Definition of Terms Israelology: Part 2 of 6 Israel Present (Note: Article begins on Page 2) Israelology: Part 3 of 6 Israel Present (Continued) Israelology: Part 4 of 6 - Israel Future (Part One) Israelology: Part 5 of 6 - Israel Future (Part Two) Israelology: Part 6 of 6 Other Relevant Topics - Illustrations of Israel (including marriage) Isaiah 61:9 Then their offspring will be known among the nations, And their descendants in the midst of the peoples. All who see them will recognize them Because they are the offspring whom the LORD has blessed. their offspring: Isa 44:3 Ge 22:18 Zec 8:13 Ro 9:3,4 they are: Isa 65:23 Ps 115:14 Ac 3:26 Ro 11:16-24 ICB - Everyone in all nations will know the children of my people. And their children will be known among the nations. Anyone who sees them will know that the Lord blesses them." ISRAEL'S RESTORATION BRINGS PRESTIGE Then - Always pause and enabled by the Spirit ponder the important expression of time "then." What has he just stated in Isaiah 61:8? The last thing stated is that God would "make an everlasting covenant with" Israel. Their offspring (descendants) - This refers to the children of the Jews (who have been saved by the "everlasting covenant") who enter into the Millennial Kingdom. The redeemed Jews will marry, have families, and enjoy God’s blessings on the earth for a thousand years (Rev 20:4-6-note). They will study God’s Word from generation to generation as prophesied earlier “As for Me, this is My covenant (referring to the New Covenant = the "everlasting covenant") with them (Israel, those who receive and believe the New Covenant),” says the LORD: “My Spirit which is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth shall not depart from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your offspring (descendants), nor from the mouth of your offspring’s offspring,” says the LORD, “from now and forever.” (Isa. 59:21). W E Vine explains - "The chapter closes with the promise of the New Covenant (Isa 59:21). It is based upon God’s words to Abraham in Genesis 17:4. The message “My Spirit that is upon thee …” is addressed to the restored nation, who will testify for the Lord continually. They will never cease to declare His word and bear witness for Him. The terms of the covenant are fully given in Jeremiah 31:31–34, and Hebrews 8:10–12 and Heb 10:16, 17." Butler - Israel will be honored by all people (Ed: in the Millennial Kingdom). Their prestige will be very great. They will be the people of status. Unlike today when the Jew is despised, the great restoration of the future will make Israel the honored of the nations and peoples. Isaiah 61:10 I will rejoice greatly in the LORD, My soul will exult in my God; For He has clothed me with garments of salvation, He has wrapped me with a robe of righteousness, As a bridegroom decks himself with a garland, And as a bride adorns herself with her jewels. As the earth (KJV): Isa 55:10,11 58:11 Song 4:16 5:1 Mt 13:3,8,23 Mk 4:26-32 so (KJV): Isa 45:8 62:1 Ps 72:3,16 85:11 praise (KJV): Isa 60:18 62:7 1Pe 2:9 ICB - The earth causes plants to grow. And a garden causes the seeds planted there to grow. In the same way the Lord God will make grow what is right. He will make praise come from all the nations. DELIGHTS OF THE MILLENNIUM The title of this verse is from J Vernon McGee's Thru the Bible Commentary. There is not complete agreement on who is speaking in Isaiah 61:10-11. Some favor that this is the Messiah (Gary Smith in the New American Commentary, Alec Motyer - TOTC), some Zion (e.g., Wiersbe below) and others Isaiah (speaking for Israel or Jerusalem - Allen Ross). ESV note says "With the Lord GOD echoing “The Spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me” in Isa 61:1, it is likely that the Messiah is speaking here." NET Note - The speaker in Isa 61:10–11 is not identified, but it is likely that the personified nation (or perhaps Zion) responds here to the Lord's promise of restoration. Thomas Constable - Isaiah now spoke for Zion that rejoiced in the Lord for the gifts that He would give her in the future. John Martin (Bible Knowledge Commentary) - In these verses the prophet seems to be speaking for the redeemed remnant who will rejoice (cf. comments on 9:3) in response to God’s blessings mentioned in Isa 61:1–9.