Gênesis 19
Warren Wiersbe · Citado em PreceptAustin
Gênesis 19
Wiersbe adds "Had Lot gone to Sodom because God directed him, his being there would have fulfilled divine purposes. After all, God put Joseph in Egypt, Daniel in Babylon, and Esther in Persia, and their presence turned out to be a blessing. Worldliness is not a matter of physical geography but of heart attitude (1Jn 2:15–17+). Lot’ s heart was in Sodom long before his body arrived there. No doubt he got his first love for the world when he went to Egypt with Abraham (Gen. 13:1, 10+), and he never overcame it." THOUGHT - I am reminded of Jesus' words "where your treasure is, there your heart will be also." (Mt 6:21+) Lot's treasure was in Sodom, not heaven! And in Mt 6:24+ Jesus warned “No one can serve two masters; for either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will be devoted to one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and wealth." Lot would soon be living proof of the truth of Jesus' words! James would have warned Lot of the danger of friendship with the world writing "You adulteresses, do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God? Therefore whoever wishes to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God." (James 4:4+). Wenstrom picks up on the comment by Wiersbe writing that "Lot is out of the “geographical” will of God meaning he is not in the geographical location that God has designed for him to be. Lot should have been with Abraham and not in Sodom and because of this, he is in great danger." Lot reminds me a lot of verse 1 in Psalm 1+ where it says "How blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked, Nor stand in the path of sinners, Nor sit in the seat of scoffers!" Lot started by walking toward Sodom, the way of the ungodly then pitching his tent toward Sodom and finally sitting as an leader in the gate of Sodom! Do not imitate Lot, for although he ended up with his life, he lost a lot! Bruce K. Waltke makes the following comment regarding Lot sitting in the gate of Sodom, “A city gate was usually made of monumental edifices shading the narrow passageway and side chambers of the city entrance. Here the elders and officials sat on stone benches to adjudicate legal matters and discuss local affairs. The gate was the physical symbol of collective authority and power. Lot’s presence here suggests that politically he has become one of the Sodomites, if not a leader among them. Curiously, Lot is alone at the focal point of communal life, suggesting that he alone is concerned about the community’s interests and well-being. The events that follow substantiate this. Though politically one with them, theologically Lot remains distinct” (Borrow Genesis, A Commentary page 275). I love Bob Deffinbaugh's title for his sermon on Genesis 19 - "From City Councilman to Caveman" Wenstrom has an interesting comment - We must remember that Lot came to Sodom as a wealthy man. It seems that he had not lost anything in the war between the Eastern Mesopotamian Coalition and the Dead Sea Coalition since Abraham recovered all the loot that was taken. This deliverance by his uncle would have given Lot a position of influence in the city. Therefore, Lot’s popularity and power was derived from his relationship to Abraham. Bob
Gênesis 19
Wiersbe - First, Lot lingered; then he argued; then he begged to be allowed to go his own way. Instead of being grateful for God’s mercy and obeying his rescuers, Lot resisted them and created trouble for them. In contrast, Abraham obeyed God’s will even to the point of offering up his own son. So the men seized (chazaq - exerted strength; Lxx - krateo - to grasp) his hand and the hand of his wife and the hands of his two daughters - Seized (chazaq - exerted strength) in the Lxx with krateo which means they hands on them in order to hold them fast and/or get them into their power. The angels performed a "divine kidnapping" of the 4 deemed worthy of extraction. Each angel has two in tow, one in each hand, like little children who must be led across the street lest they scamper away. Notice that they did not seize the hands of the sons-in-law. For - Term of explanation. This explains the angelic rescue of Lot's family. The compassion (chemlah) of the LORD was upon him - The reason for rescue was not the righteousness of Lot, but because of the compassion of the LORD. Notice on whom the LORD showed passion? "Him" not them. The others experienced the benefit bestowed on Lot. Compassion is chemlah (from chamal - to spare), a rare Hebrew word for compassion (only here and Isa 63:9), and describes God's mercy in delivering from danger in both instances. The Septuagint translates chemlah here with the verb pheidomai which means to spare someone (cf use in Ro 8:32). This sense of sparing would apply to Lot for he was in grave danger by hesitating and in great need of angelic sparing! The point is that the reason Lot was spared was not because he was righteous, but because the LORD was compassionate, bestowing mercy, where mercy is not giving one what they deserve! There is likely another reason that the compassion of the LORD was upon Lot. Recall that Abraham had been interceding for Sodom and in Ge 19:29 it says "God remembered Abraham," undoubtedly alluding to his intercession in Genesis 18. The Lord often forces us into righteous choices even when we are unwilling. -- Kenneth Gangel And they brought him out, and put him outside the city - NLT says "rushed them to safety outside the city." They carried a forced separation from the sin of Sodom. I am reminded of the words in Rev 18:4 where John writes "I heard another voice from heaven, saying, “Come out of her (BABYLON), my people, so that you will not participate in her sins and receive of her plagues." This reason, elsewhere described as God having remembered Abraham (Ge 19:29), is why, in the face of Lot’s seeming reluctance to leave (“lingered”), the angels personally and forcefully escorted him and his family beyond the city’s precincts. Hesitated (04102)(mahah) means to linger, tarry, wait, delay, hesitate as Lot did in Ge 19:16. In Psalm 119:60 the Psalmist affirms that he has not delayed, but rather hastened to observe God's commandments. Habakkuk 2:3 encourages the prophet to wait for the fulfillment of the prophetic vision, since it had an appointed time and would be fulfilled. It may seem to delay, nevertheless it will not tarry, it will come. Mahah - 9v - delay(2), delayed(2), delaying(1), hesitated(1), tarries(1), wait(2). Gen. 19:16; Gen. 43:10; Exod. 12:39; Jdg. 3:26; Jdg. 19:8; 2 Sam. 15:28; Ps. 119:60; Isa. 29:9; Hab. 2:3 Genesis 19:17 When they had brought them outside, one said, “Escape for your life! Do not look behind you, and do not stay anywhere in the valley; escape to the mountains, or you will be swept away.” one said: Ge 18:22 Escape: Ge 19:14,15,22 1Sa 19:11 1Ki 19:3 Ps 121:1 Mt 3:7 24:16-18 Heb 2:3 Do not look behind you: Ge 19:26 Lu 9:62 Lk 17:31,32 Php 3:13,14 Genesis 19 Resources - Multiple sermons and commentaries Related Passages: 1 Corinthians 3:10-15+ (LOT IS A LOT LIKE BELIEVERS WHO WILL BE SAVED BUT "AS THROUGH FIRE" - PUN INTENDED!) According to the grace of God which was given to me, like a wise master builder I laid a foundation, and another is building on it. But each man must be careful how he builds on it. 11 For no man can lay a foundation other than the one which is laid, which is Jesus Christ. 12 Now if any man builds on the foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, straw, 13 each man’s work will become evident; for the day will show it because it is to be revealed with fire, and the fire itself will test the quality of each man’s work. 14 If any man’s work which he has built on it remains, he will receive a reward. 15 If any man’s work is burned up, he will suffer loss; but he himself will be saved, yet so as through fire. Luke 9:62+ But Jesus said to him, “No one, after putting his hand to the plow and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God.” 2 Peter 2:9+ the Lord knows how to rescue the godly from temptation, and to keep the unrighteous under punishment for the day of judgment, THE GREAT ESCAPE When they had brought them outside, one said, “Escape (command) for your life! - Escape (malat) is a keyword in this last section (4x - Ge 19:17, 19, 20, 22) In all 4 uses of malat the Septuagint translates it with the verb sozo (Ge 19:19 - diasozo) which means to save, preserve from harm or rescue, all of these meaning applying to Lot's lot! The idea is to bring one safely out of a dangerous, threatening situation, in this case the imminent pouring down of fire and brimstone on Sodom. Do not look (jussive sense ~ command) behind you, and do not stay (jussive sense ~ command) anywhere in the valley; escape (command) to the mountains, or you will be swept away (saphah) - Note these are basically 3 more clear instruction conveying the sense of commands that must be obey or else they would be swept away. As described in Ge 19:26 Lot's wife (never specifically named) failed to obey and paid the ultimate price! NET NOTE on look - The Hebrew verb translated “look” signifies an intense gaze, not a passing glance. This same verb is used later in v. 26 to describe Lot’s wife’s self-destructive look back at the city. Jesus used this OT example of the angel's clear warning in His warning in Luke 17:32-33+ “Remember (present imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey) Lot’s wife. Whoever seeks to keep his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life will preserve (zoogoneo) it." Jesus was warning His hearers not to look back to the world or the things in the world, for they would all perish and all who loved the world likewise would perish eternally. Bob
Gênesis 19
Wiersbe - The inhabitants of the cities of the plain had no idea that they were awakening that morning to the last day of their lives (Gen. 19:23). Life was going on as usual, and then the fire fell (Luke 17:26–30). When the judgment comes, will you be like Abraham and not have to worry about the wrath of God? Or, like Lot, will you be saved “as by fire’’? Or, like the people of Sodom, will you be lost forever? Sailhamer has an interesting thought on the sun had risen - The mention of the sun ties this section together with Lot's early morning rescue (Ge 19:15) as well as with the larger biblical picture of the "sunrise" as an image of divine salvation for the righteous and divine judgment on the wicked (Isa 9:2+; Mal 4:1-2+). (Borrow The Pentateuch as Narrative page 172). Genesis 19:24 Then the LORD rained on Sodom and Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the LORD out of heaven, the Lord: De 29:23 Job 18:15 Ps 11:6 Isa 1:9 13:19 Jer 20:16 49:18 50:40 La 4:6 Eze 16:49,50 Ho 11:8 Am 4:11 Zep 2:9 Mt 11:23,24 Lu 17:28,29 2Pe 2:6 Jude 1:7 Genesis 19 Resources - Multiple sermons and commentaries Related Passages: Luke 17:29-32+ but on the day that Lot went out from Sodom it rained fire and brimstone from heaven and destroyed them all. 30 “It will be just the same on the day that the Son of Man is revealed. 31 “On that day, the one who is on the housetop and whose goods are in the house must not go down to take them out; and likewise the one who is in the field must not turn back. 32 “Remember Lot’s wife. Malachi 4:1-2+ (SODOM'S FIRE WAS JUST A PREVIEW OF "COMING ATTRACTIONS!") “For behold, the day is coming, burning like a furnace; and all the arrogant and every evildoer will be chaff; and the day that is coming will set them ablaze,” says the LORD of hosts, “so that it will leave them neither root nor branch.” 2 “But for you who fear My name, the sun of righteousness (MESSIAH) will rise with healing in its wings; and you will go forth and skip about like calves from the stall. Jude 1:7 just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, since they in the same way as these indulged in gross immorality and went after strange flesh, are exhibited as an example in undergoing the punishment of eternal fire. A TORRENTIAL RAIN OF FIRE FROM YHWH, FROM HEAVEN Then - When is then? Don't miss this! Once Lot was safely out of the "line of fire" in little Zoar. We see a similar sequence with Noah. The destroying flood of God's holy wrath did not occur until AFTER Noah and family were IN the Ark. THOUGHT TO PONDER - In the last days of this present evil age (Gal 1:4+), God's wrath will be finally and fully unleashed against a Christ rejecting, God hating world in the 7 year period often called the Tribulation, but more accurately name "The Seventieth Week of Daniel." I believe that the Bride of Christ, His church, will be removed to safety prior to the pouring out of God's righteous wrath (Revelation 6-18). I believe God will treat His children just the same in the time of the impending wrath in the Revelation as He did for His children in the book of Genesis! (SEE THE RAPTURE) Our God is a consuming fire. -- Hebrews 12:29 The LORD rained on Sodom (sedom) and Gomorrah (Amorah) brimstone (gophrith) and fire from the LORD out of heaven - Here we have a "microcosm" of hell or at least a preview of "coming attractions"! Note this is the LORD's firestorm out of heaven, not some volcanic eruption, or other naturalistic explanation that a number of commentators try to invoke. The text is clear -- (1) from the LORD and (2) out of heaven! Case closed! I generally like Dr Morris, but his naturalistic explanation seems to take away from the sovereign power of God to supernaturally destroy Sodom. God did it, so that settles it! NET NOTE - Or “burning sulfur” (the traditional “fire and brimstone”). The text explicitly states that the sulfur and fire that fell on Sodom and Gomorrah was sent down from the sky by the LORD. What exactly this was, and how it happened, can only be left to intelligent speculation (ED: See also Sodom and Gomorrah Revisited - David Howard JETS, 1984) (ED: I DON'T THINK WE NEED TO SPECULATE - GOD CREATED THIS FIERY "RAIN" AND IT CAME FROM HEAVEN!) Bob
Gênesis 19
Wiersbe - Lot was conformed to the world (Rom. 12:2). All that he lived for went up in smoke and was buried under ruins somewhere in the area around the Dead Sea. Lot is a warning to all believers not to love the world, become friendly with the world, or be stained by the world (James 1:27), because the day of reckoning finally comes. Genesis 19:30 Lot went up from Zoar, and stayed in the mountains, and his two daughters with him; for he was afraid to stay in Zoar; and he stayed in a cave, he and his two daughters. Lot: Ge 19:17-23 for he: Ge 49:4 Jer 2:36,37 Jas 1:8 Zoar: Ge 13:10 14:22 De 34:3 Isa 15:5 Jer 48:34 Genesis 19 Resources - Multiple sermons and commentaries LOT'S FEAR IN ZOAR Paul Apple entitles Ge 19:30-38 "A Life of Worldliness Won't End Well." Apple goes on to say "Today’s sordid text paints the last chapter in the life of worldly Lot and his dysfunctional family. This is how Lot ended up. This is the legacy of a loser. All of the small compromises he made with worldliness have compounded and ended up in this ultimate end game of degradation and shame. We know from the NT that Lot was actually a believer – in a covenantal relationship through faith in a God who had provided him with every opportunity to enjoy God’s blessings. But time after time Lot made sinful choices that led to tragic consequences. This text has been avoided by many well-known commentators because of its lurid content: the old set of Calvin's commentaries translated by the old Calvin Translation Society last century, when they get to Genesis 19:31 they stop translating. They say now this passage just shouldn't be in Calvin's commentaries, just shouldn't be read. They don't even give you the Latin text. They leave it out and they move on to Genesis 20. H.C. Leupold in his commentary on Genesis (after making his few observations) says, "This is a text that should never be preached." What a warning to believers today. Are we truly seeking first the Kingdom of God and His righteousness or are we pursuing a life of pleasure and possessions and worldly praise and worldly lusts? Look at how Jesus described the type of culture that will exist in the last days right before His final revelation and return to Judge the world – Luke 17:20-37." Lot went up from Zoar, and stayed in the mountains, and his two daughters with him; for he was afraid to stay in Zoar; and he stayed in a cave, he and his two daughters - Note the irony here - Lot sought to come to Zoar because he feared he would die in the mountains (at least that is his story to the angels), but now is afraid of living in Zoar. Note his downward spiral, first forced from a house (in Sodom), then forced (by fear) from a town and finally ending up in a cave. He stayed just long enough in Zoar to save that little town from God's judgment! Jon Courson quips - At last Lot is on the mountain—but he’s in a cave—and now things are really going to cave in on top of him. Duncan: Lot is clearly controlled here by fear and not by faith. He had initially refused God's call and command to leave Sodom and flee to the mountains. He had begged the Lord. If you look back in verses 17 through 22 of Genesis 19, he had begged the Lord to stay in this little town. But once again we are told that he was afraid to stay in Zoar. And so now he goes to the mountains as the Lord had originally commanded him. So fear was the driving motivation on both occasions. He fears to go to the mountains first. He wants to stay in Zoar. Now he fears to stay in Zoar and he wants to go to the mountains. Even though God has assured him, and you’ll see that assurance in verse 21 that he will be safe in the city, he still fears. (SEE How To Handle Fear-Pt 1 FIRST OF 3 PARTS) Henry