Mateus 22

Mateus 22

Wiersbe - Jesus made love the most important thing in life, because “love is the fulfilling of the Law” (Rom. 13:8–10). If we love God, we will experience His love within and will express that love to others. We do not live by rules but by relationships, a loving relationship to God that enables us to have a loving relationship with others. (Bible Exposition Commentary). One's love for people reveals the degree of his love for God -- Gilbrant .Dwight Edwards - As we pursue our relationship with God in whole-hearted devotion, the immediate spill over of the fullness of that relationship will be into the lives of other men and women. Note also the significance of the order: first God, second people. We cannot give to others out of spiritual and emotional bankruptcy, thus our relationship with God must be the top priority of our life. (Commentary) 🙏 THOUGHT - If your horizontal relationships are "messed up," don't pretend to be in communion and fellowship with God (vertical relationship. John said it this way "If we say that we have fellowship with Him (VERTICAL) and yet walk in the darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth; 7 but if we walk in the Light as He Himself is in the Light, we have fellowship with one another (HORIZONTAL), and the blood of Jesus His Son cleanses us from all sin." (1 John 1:6-7+) Note that the parallel passage in Mark gives additional information not found in Matthew's account... Mark 12:32-34 (See commentary on these verses) The scribe said to Him, “Right, Teacher; You have truly stated that HE IS ONE, AND THERE IS NO ONE ELSE BESIDES HIM; 33 AND TO LOVE HIM WITH ALL THE HEART AND WITH ALL THE UNDERSTANDING AND WITH ALL THE STRENGTH, AND TO LOVE ONE’S NEIGHBOR AS HIMSELF, is much more than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.” 34 When Jesus saw that he had answered intelligently, He said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.” After that, no one would venture to ask Him any more questions. Hang (2910) kremannumi means literally to hang something or someone on something (in Acts 5:30 implying the Cross as stated in Acts 10:39, also Lk 23:39+). In Mt 18:6 Jesus describes a "heavy millstone...hung around his neck," referring to anyone who cause one of the little ones who believe in Him to stumble. Used to describe the poisonous viper "hanging from" Paul's hand (Acts 28:4). Paul used this verb in his famous explanation in Galatians 3:13+ "Christ redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse for us–for it is written, “CURSED IS EVERYONE WHO HANGS ON A TREE” (Dt 21:22, 23). Kremannumi - 7x in 7v - depend(1), hanged(1), hanging(3), hangs(1), hung(1). - Mt 18:6 Mt 22:40 Luke 23:39 Acts 5:30 Acts 10:39 Acts 28:4 Gal 3:13 Driving Lessons There is no other commandment greater than these. — Mark 12:31 Today's Scripture: Mark 12:28-34 One morning on my way to work, I began to wonder, Why should I obey God’s laws? The answer played out as I approached a traffic light that had just turned yellow. A driver at the intersection waited to make sure I had fully stopped. Why did I stop? I asked myself. I could have made it. Two reasons came to mind—survival and surveillance. I could be injured or killed. Or a police officer might see me and give me a ticket. Good reasons, don’t you think? But are these the highest motives? Am I concerned about other drivers? Obeying God’s commands out of fear would reduce much of the wreckage strewn along life’s highway due to adultery, murder, lying, stealing, and coveting. But there is a higher motive. When Jesus was asked, “Which is the first commandment of all?” He answered, “Love the Lord your God with all your heart,” and second, “Love your neighbor as yourself.” Then He said, “There is no other commandment greater than these” (Mark 12:30-31). "We love You, Lord Jesus," we often may say, But are we as ready His will to obey? Let's heed what God's Spirit would have us to do, That's how we can show Him a love that is true. —DJD To love God is to obey God. Matthew 22:41 Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question: KJV Matthew 22:41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, BGT Matthew 22:41 Συνηγμένων δὲ τῶν Φαρισαίων ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Ἰησοῦς NET Matthew 22:41 While the Pharisees were assembled, Jesus asked them a question: CSB Matthew 22:41 While the Pharisees were together, Jesus questioned them, ESV Matthew 22:41 Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question, NIV Matthew 22:41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, NLT Matthew 22:41 Then, surrounded by the Pharisees, Jesus asked them a question: NRS Matthew 22:41 Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them this question: NJB Matthew 22:41 While the Pharisees were gathered round, Jesus put to them this question, NAB Matthew 22:41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus questioned them, YLT Matthew 22:41 And the Pharisees having been gathered together, Jesus did question them, MIT Matthew 22:41 Because the Pharisees were gathered around, Jesus raised a question for them: GWN Matthew 22:41 While the Pharisees were still gathered, Jesus asked them, Mt 22:15,34 Mk 12:35-37 Lu 20:41-44 Related Passages: Mark 12:35+ And Jesus began to say, as He taught in the temple, "How is it that the scribes say that the Christ is the Son of David? (Copyright 2014 Faithlife / Logos Bible Software) MY TURN: JESUS COUNTERATTACKS! Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question - It is almost like Jesus said "Now it's My turn to ask you a question!" In this section we see that now it is Jesus asking the question to His questioners and it is not surprising, His hearers are left speechless (see Mt 22:46). Those listening include the Pharisees (Mt 22:41) and a large crowd (Mk 12:37) which would place Him in the large Court of the Gentiles in the Temple Complex (click picture above). Charles Swindoll: The Pharisees had asked Jesus about politics; the Sadducees had asked about the afterlife; the lawyer had asked about the Law. Now Jesus took a dive into the waters of deep theology. He asked the Pharisees what they believed about the identity of the Messiah: “Whose son is He?” (Mt 22:42). (See Insights on Matthew 16--28 - Page 184) So Mark says He was teaching and here are a group of Pharisees, His avowed enemies and He is still teaching them! Not only is He teaching but as we will discuss below, He teaching them truth about Himself which if grasped could set them free from their legalism and eternal death. One might say, "I thought we were not supposed to cast our pearls before swine." (Mt 7:6+) True enough. But Jesus sees hearts and has just stated in Mk 12:34 "You are not far from the kingdom of God." Jesus knew there were men like Joseph of Arimathea who would eventually believe in Him (Mt 27:57+) and provide His burial tomb (Mt 27:59-60+). Mark 15:43+ describes Joseph of Arimathea as "a prominent member of the Council, who himself was waiting for the kingdom of God (cf others "waiting" - Lk 2:38+)." Of course the other side of coin is that for those who reject what amounts to an evangelistic question regarding the meaning of Psalm 110:1 will be held even more accountable for their rejection (this principle of a greater degree of judgment for rejection of greater light is found in Lk 10:12-15+). Deffinbaugh on resolving how Matthew's passage fits with Luke's passage (Lu 20:41-44) - In Matthew’s account, Jesus is reported as having asked the Pharisees directly about whose son the Christ was (Mt 22:41-42). In Mark and Luke, Jesus seems to be speaking to others about the teaching of the Pharisees. I see no contradiction. Jesus was daily in the temple, teaching the people. It was also here that our Lord was confronted and challenged by the leadership of the nation. I believe that Jesus asked the Pharisees directly, at this time of confrontation, and then referred to it in His subsequent teaching (Lk 20:41). They had all heard the question posed to the Pharisees by Jesus, and the answer that was given (ED: BUT IN FACT NO ANSWER BY JESUS IS ACTUALLY RECORDED IN ALL THREE SYNOPTIC ACCOUNTS!). Now, Jesus would challenge the crowd to think about what they had heard, and to come to their own conclusions. If we compare the parallel passage in Matthew, Matthew 22:42 seems to be where Jesus begins His conversation with the Pharisees (but see Deffinbaugh's analysis), asking them a direct question “What do you think about the Christ, whose son is He?” They respond “David.” (the phrase "son of" is added but is not in the Greek) (Mt 22:42) They say Messiah had to be a Son of David, where "son of..." is a Hebraism which simply means a descendant of and in this context a "descendant of David". Hiebert refers to Mark 12:35-40 as "Counterattack by Jesus explaining "Having brought the enemy attacks to a halt, Jesus now took the offensive against the religious leaders. With His question concerning Messiah’s Sonship, He exposed the inadequacy of the scribes as teachers (vv. 35–37) and then uttered His solemn condemnation of their conduct (vv. 38–40). (The Gospel of Mark: An Expositional Commentary) Jesus turns the tables and questions the Pharisees, not to trap them or even to win a debate but to win their hearts David Turner: In this passage Jesus turns the tables and questions the Pharisees, not to trap them or even to win a debate but to win their hearts (cf. Mt 23:37). This is not a mere counterattack (contra Schnackenburg 2002:224). The paramount considerations at this decisive point in Israel’s history are Jesus’s identity and the source of his authority (Mt 21:23).....The questions of the religious leaders attempt to trap Jesus and to discredit his teaching. All hope of rapprochement between Jesus and the religious leaders is dashed. His final question to them is unanswerable; the only way that David can call his messianic son “Lord” is if his son is divine. The Pharisees who wished to trap Jesus are now trapped by Jesus. But all dialogue has ceased, with ominous implications. This final confrontation leaves Jesus and the Jewish leaders at a hopeless impasse and leads inevitably to the woes of Matt. 23. (See Matthew Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament) Matthew Henry Concise Mt 22:41-46. When Christ baffled his enemies, he asked what thoughts they had of the promised Messiah? How he could be the Son of David and yet his Lord? He quotes Psalms 110:1. If the Christ was to be a mere man, who would not exist till many ages after David's death, how could his forefather call him Lord? The Pharisees could not answer it. Nor can any solve the difficulty except he allows the Messiah to be the Son of God, and David's Lord equally with the Father. He took upon him human nature, and so became God manifested in the flesh; in this sense he is the Son of man and the Son of David. It behoves us above all things seriously to inquire, "What think we of Christ?" Is he altogether glorious in our eyes, and precious to our hearts? May Christ be our joy, our confidence, our all. May we daily be made more like to him, and more devoted to his service. What Think Ye of Christ? Matthew 22:41–45. - Burris Butler Introduction Two questions all must answer are “What think ye of Christ?” and “What will you do with Jesus?” I. The Answer of a Closed Mind. If He is the Son of David, how then (by inference) is He the Son of God? A. There are always questions the closed mind cannot answer. B. Let us not be satisfied with a half-Christ. II. Answer of an Eager Disciple. “Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God” (Matthew 16:16). A. The eager disciple quoted above later said, “Be it far from thee, Lord.” B. Many today accept Him as Lord, but are unwilling to go the way of the cross. III. Answer of an Honest Doubter. “Except I shall see … I will not believe” (John 20:25). A. There is a place for honest skepticism. B. The doubter later said, “My Lord and my God” (John 20:28). This statement was the sure foundation of the testimony of the apostles. IV. Answer of Demons. “I know thee who thou art, the Holy One of God” (Mark 1:24). (Their testimony should be worth something.) V. Answer of the Angels. A. At His birth. B. At Gethsemane. C. At the tomb. D. At the ascension. VI. Answer of Our Generation. Indifference: We don’t care who He is! Indifference When Jesus came to Golgotha they hanged Him on a tree, They drove great nails through His hands and feet, and made a Calvary; They crowned Him with a crown of thorns, red were His wounds and deep. For those were crude and cruel days and human life was cheap. But when Jesus came to Birmingham they simply passed Him by, They never hurt a hair of Him, they only let Him die; For men had grown more tender, and they would not give Him pain, They only just passed down the street, and left Him in the rain. Still Jesus cried, “Forgive them for they know not what they do,” And still it rained the winter rain that drenched Him through and through; The crowds went home and left the streets without a soul to see, And Jesus crouched against a wall and cried for Calvary. —G. A. Studdert-Kennedy VII. Answer of God the Father. A. At the baptism of Jesus. B. At the transfiguration. C. At the resurrection. Conclusion Answer the question, “What think ye of the Christ?” Matthew 22:42 “What do you think about the Christ, whose son is He?” They *said to Him, “The Son of David.” KJV Matthew 22:42 Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David. BGT Matthew 22:42 λέγων· τί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ περὶ τοῦ χριστοῦ; τίνος υἱός ἐστιν; λέγουσιν αὐτῷ· τοῦ Δαυίδ. NET Matthew 22:42 "What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?" They said, "The son of David." CSB Matthew 22:42 "What do you think about the Messiah? Whose Son is He?" "David's," they told Him. ESV Matthew 22:42 saying, "What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?" They said to him, "The son of David." NIV Matthew 22:42 "What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?" "The son of David," they replied. NLT Matthew 22:42 "What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?" They replied, "He is the son of David." NRS Matthew 22:42 "What do you think of the Messiah? Whose son is he?" They said to him, "The son of David." NJB Matthew 22:42 'What is your opinion about the Christ? Whose son is he?' They told him, 'David's.' NAB Matthew 22:42 saying, "What is your opinion about the Messiah? Whose son is he?" They replied, "David's." YLT Matthew 22:42 saying, 'What do ye think concerning the Christ? of whom is he son?' They say to him, 'Of David.' MIT Matthew 22:42 "What do you think about the messiah—specifically, whose son is he?" They said, "David's son." GWN Matthew 22:42 "What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?" They answered him, "David's." What: Mt 2:4-6 14:33 16:13-17 Jn 1:49 6:68,69 20:28 Php 2:9-11 3:7-10 Col 3:11 1Pe 2:4-7 Rev 5:12-14 The Son: Mt 1:1 21:9 Isa 7:13,14 9:6,7 11:1-4 Jer 23:5,6 Eze 34:23,24 Am 9:11 Lu 1:69,70 Jn 7:41,42 Ac 13:22,23 Related Passages: Mark 12:35+ And Jesus began to say, as He taught in the temple, “How is it that the scribes (grammateus) say that the Christ is the Son of David? Luke 20:41+ Then He said to them, “How is it that they say the Christ is David’s son? Chart From Bible Knowledge Commentary WHAT THINK YE OF THE MESSIAH? What do you think about the Christ (Christos - MESSIAH), whose son (huios) is He?” They *said (historical present tense) to Him, “The son of David - The first clause could have brought many answers but Jesus immediately narrows it down asking a question about Messiah's ancestry. The religious leaders dare not question Jesus any longer. In Matthew 22 each of the groups of religious leaders had struck attempting to entrap Jesus. They have nothing left they can say and they know it. And Luke 20:40+ (cf Mt 22:46+ "nor did anyone dare") says they don't have the courage to ask anything else. So now it is Jesus' turn to initiate the questions. “Who is the great man from whom the Messiah is descended?” -- Leon Morris Scribe in Long Robe Mark 12:35+ adds "And Jesus began to say, as He taught in the temple,"How is it that the scribes (grammateus) say that the Christ is the Son of David? - Amazing! Jesus knows He will soon die in just a few day and yet He is still TEACHING! What does that say about how important it is that we continue teaching (🙏 THOUGHT - and that includes us older guys out there -- If you are 70+ and you are not teaching, let me say it gently "Shame on you!" We called to imitate our Lord (1Jn 2:6+, etc). We know when we are 70+ that we are in the last part of our race and we should ask God to enable us by His Spirit to be able to quote 2 Ti 4:7+ on our deathbed.) The scribes were the recognized experts in the law. It was the firm teaching of the scribes that the Christ is the Son of David. Jesus' used the name Christ in the sense of "Messiah." Some translations render it with that meaning, as in the CSB "How can the scribes say that the Messiah is the Son of David? (Mk 12:35CSB). Geddert - Jesus has not usually taken the initiative in his debates with his opponents. They have posed the questions (Mk 11:28; 12:14–15; 12:23; 12:28), and he has responded. This time Jesus takes the initiative. Jesus’ question implies a critique against the scribes. They claim that the Messiah is the son of David. (Mark Believers Church Bible Commentary) Hiebert makes an interesting comment - That no questions were raised on this point against Jesus as Messiah proves that His Davidic descent was unassailable. Only two days before, the crowd had acclaimed Him as “the son of David” (ED: CLEARLY A MESSIANIC TITLE!) (Matt. 21:9; Luke 19:38). But the Jewish masses, following the lead of the scribes, understood the term to mean a human being who would be a triumphant warrior-king (ED: THEY WERE NOT LOOKING FOR A SAVIOR FROM SINS BUT A CONQUEROR OF THE ROMANS!). (The Gospel of Mark: An Expositional Commentary) One final evangelistic effort John MacArthur characterizes Jesus' question regarding Ps 110:1 as His "one final evangelistic effort. Even after all the hatred expressed by these leaders, the superficial interest of the fickle, indecisive crowd, Jesus in spite of all of the rejection is still the compassionate evangelist. He is still (evangelizing) even in His very last conversation, inviting sinners who otherwise are headed to hell, to know Him for Who He truly is, to cease their rejection and indecision....He still manifests enough concern to speak one more time the truth for He as God has no pleasure in the death of the wicked (Ezek 33:11, cf Ezek 18:23, 2Pe 3:9+). His joy is in the salvation of sinners. His sadness is in their destruction.(cf Lk 19:41+ where Jesus wept over Jerusalem)....So, once more, the Lord Jesus affirms and asserts His divine nature as God, and thus offers Himself even to those who despised Him." NET NOTE - Christ - The term χριστός (Christos) was originally an adjective (“anointed”), developing in LXX into a substantive (“an anointed one”), then developing still further into a technical generic term (“the anointed one”). In the intertestamental period it developed further into a technical term referring to the hoped-for ANOINTED ONE, that is, a specific individual. In the NT the development starts there (technical-specific), is so used in the gospels, and then develops in Paul to mean virtually Jesus’ last name. It was a common belief in Judaism that Messiah would be the son of David in that he would come from the lineage of David. On this point the Pharisees agreed and were correct. But their understanding was nonetheless incomplete, for Messiah is also David’s Lord. With this statement Jesus was affirming that, as the Messiah, He is both God and Man. Akin - The Davidic sonship of the Messiah was a common and almost universally accepted belief in Israel in Jesus’ day. It is still a popular belief today among orthodox Jews. For example in John 7:42 we read, “Has not the Scripture said that the Christ comes from the offspring of David, and comes from Bethlehem, the village where David was?” Indeed the Davidic sonship of the Messiah is firmly and widely established in Old Testament scripture: - 2 Sam 7:1-17 - Jere. 23:5-6 -Hosea 3:5 - Ps. 89:3-4 - Jere. 30:9 - Amos 9:11 - Isa. 9:1-7 - Jere. 33:15-17, 22 - Micah 5:2-5 3 - Isa. 11:1-9 - Ezk. 34:23-24 The Messiah, the Christ, the Anointed One of God, will be a human descendant of David. This was expected. This was a long hoped for reality among the Jewish people. On this they could all agree.