Mateus 27
Warren Wiersbe · Citado em PreceptAustin
Mateus 27
Wiersbe notes that Psalm 22:6 is surely a description that applies "to our Savior. “I am a worm and not a man” is a forgotten “I AM” statement that speaks of how little value the leaders of Israel and the Roman officials placed on Jesus of Nazareth. A WORM is a creature of the ground, helpless, frail, and unwanted....Worm (scarlet, crimson) (08438)(tola - tôlê‛âh, tôla‛ath, tôla‛ath) means worm in some contexts but most OT uses refer to a color, either scarlet or crimson. Scarlet (2847)(kokkinos from kokkos = kernel, grain, seed) (Latin = coccineus) means scarlet, crimson, red. In the neuter kokkinos is a substantive ("to kokkinon") referring to the scarlet cloth, dyed with kokkos, a scarlet "berry," which is actually the female of a scale insect that clings to oak leaves, dried and crushed to prepare a red dye (cp coccus [kermes] ilicis). Kokkinos is the Greek word used to translate the Hebrew word for CRIMSON (tola) in Isa 1:18 and in that passage is a figurative description of our sins (they are "red like crimson [Hebrew = tola; Lxx = kokkinos]"). Thayer - a kernel, the grain or berry of the ilex coccifera; these berries are the clusters of eggs of a female insect, the kermes (cf. English carmine, crimson), and when collected and pulverized produce a red which was used in dyeing, Pliny, h. n. 9, 41, 65; 16, 8, 12; 24, 4), crimson, scarlet-colored: Plutarch, Fab. 15 = phorein kokkina = scarlet robes. BDAG - Philo; Jos., Ant. 8, 72 v.l.; Just., D. 46, 5) red, scarlet chlamus kokkinos = a red cloak of the ‘sagum purpureum (paludamentum)’ of Roman soldiers, a cheaply dyed garment in contrast to the expensive ‘purple’ garments whose hues were derived from shellfish and worn in the upper classes TDNT on kokkinos - This word means "scarlet" (cf. the furnishings of the sanctuary in Ex. 26:1 etc., the scarlet stuff in Lev. 14:4, and the scarlet clothing of 2 Sam. 1:24). In the prophets scarlet is linked with sin, either as the opposite of white (Is. 1:18) or as a sign of luxury (Is. 3:23; Jer. 4:30). In the NT 1. Jesus is clothed in a scarlet robe in Mt. 27:28. This was probably a soldier's cloak; the king of peace, in a mocking misrepresentation, is thus clothed in warlike garb. 2. In Heb. 9:19 scarlet wool is mentioned in connection with atonement under the law (cf. Lev. 14:4, 6). 3. Scarlet and purple denote the pomp of Babylon's demonic power in Revelation. Arrayed in purple and scarlet, the woman sits on a scarlet beast (17:3-4). The fiery red of 6:4; 12:3 differs from the scarlet here, which epitomizes demonic abomination, lasciviousness, and ungodly power. The Messiah's army is clothed in white linen and rides on white horses (19:11ff.); the robes are made white in the atoning blood of the Lamb (7:14). We thus have a striking contrast to the woman who is clothed in scarlet and rides on a scarlet beast. [O. MICHEL, III, 810-14] Kokkinos 6x the NT - Matt 27:28 "And they (Roman Soldiers Mt 27:27) stripped Him, and put a scarlet robe on Him (and mocked Him Mt 27:29)." Hebrews 9:19-note For when every commandment had been spoken by Moses to all the people according to the Law, he took the blood of the calves and the goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, Revelation 17:3-note And he carried me away in the Spirit into a wilderness; and I saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast, full of blasphemous names, having seven heads and ten horns. 4 The woman was clothed in purple and scarlet, and adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls, having in her hand a gold cup full of abominations and of the unclean things of her immorality Garland (A Testimony of Jesus Christ) comments on the Scarlet Beast - Scarlet is kokkinos: “Scarlet cloth, dyed with kokkos , a scarlet ‘berry,’ actually the female of a scale insect that clings to oak leaves, dried and crushed to prepare a red dye.” The beast is scarlet, because it is closely related to the fiery red dragon which empowers it (Rev. 12:3-note cf. Rev. 13:2-note). Her sitting on the beast may speak less of influence and more of support. “The Woman seated on the Beast does not signify that she will rule over him, but intimates that he will support her.” (The Antichrist - By A. W. Pink) Because the Beast represents a series of kings and kingdoms stretching through history, there is a tendency among many expositors to take the Harlot as an exclusively religious figure. The fact that she is seen riding upon the Beast is thought to necessitate her identification as exclusively religious, but not political: The fact that the woman is riding the beast and is not the beast itself signifies that she represents ecclesiastical power as distinct from the beast which is political power. Her position, that of riding the beast, indicates on the one hand that she is supported by the political power of the beast, and on the other that she is in a dominant role and at least outwardly controls and directs the beast. (Revelation 17: The Destruction Of Ecclesiastical Babylon - John F. Walvoord, The Revelation of Jesus Christ) While we do not deny the significant religious role assigned to the Harlot, taking her to be an ecclesiastical system contradicts what Scripture records—that she is a city (Rev. 17:18-note; Rev 18:21-note, Rev 19:2-note). There is no reason why she must be an ecclesiastical system when Scripture says she is a city. Moreover, she is also associated with wealth and excess (Rev. 17:4-note)—these may speak equally of both politics and religion. The Beast represents the historic development of kingdoms empowered by the dragon (Rev. 12:3-note; Rev 13:1-note) and its ultimate manifestation at the time of the end. The Harlot is the city Babylon in all its aspects—combining commercial, political, and religious influence. She has ridden the beast throughout history. Revelation 18:12-note cargoes of gold and silver and precious stones and pearls and fine linen and purple and silk and scarlet, and every kind of citron wood and every article of ivory and every article made from very costly wood and bronze and iron and marble, Revelation 18:16-note saying, 'Woe, woe, the great city, she who was clothed in fine linen and purple and scarlet, and adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls; Robe (5511) chlamus a loose outer garment, a vest-type garment commonly worn over an undergarment, the chiton by rulers, officials, and military officers as a symbol of authority. It could also describe a military garment which was short cloak, robe, mantle that was fastened by an ornamental pin on the right shoulder so as to hang over the left. When put over the shoulders of someone, it was an indication that he was assuming a magistracy. It was a short oblong mantle attached at the shoulder worn by emperors, kings, military officers and other important people. CHLAMUS - Matt. 27:28; Matt. 27:31. No uses in the Septuagint. The King’s Crown They . . . twisted together a crown of thorns and set it on his head. Matthew 27:28–29 Today's Scripture & Insight : Matthew 27:27–31 We sat around the table, each person adding a toothpick to the foam disc before us. At our evening meal in the weeks leading up to Easter, we created a crown of thorns—with each toothpick signifying something we had done that day for which we were sorry and for which Christ had paid the penalty. The exercise brought home to us, night after night, how through our wrongdoing we were guilty and how we needed a Savior. And how Jesus freed us through His death on the cross. The crown of thorns that Jesus was made to wear was part of a cruel game the Roman soldiers played before He was crucified. They also dressed Him in a royal robe and gave Him a staff as a king’s scepter, which they then used to beat Him. They mocked Him, calling Him “king of the Jews” (Matthew 27:29), not realizing that their actions would be remembered thousands of years later. This was no ordinary king. He was the King of Kings whose death, followed by His resurrection, gives us eternal life. Lord Jesus Christ, my heart hurts to think of all of the pain and suffering You endured for me. Thank You for Your gift of love that sets me free. The crown of thorns has become a crown of life. Virtue Exemplified Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that you should follow His steps. —1 Peter 2:21 Today's Scripture: Mark 15:16-20 In the late 1940s, a young mother was stricken with polio and became an invalid. She astounded people by the way she accepted her affliction and ran her household from her bed. Her brother-in-law said to me, “I have heard a lot of talk about ‘supernatural grace,’ but I never knew what it was until I saw it shining through her.” We often do not know the full meaning of a virtue until we see it lived out in a person’s life. Think of how Jesus responded when the soldiers mistreated Him. They pressed a crown of thorns into His head, struck Him repeatedly, and mocked Him by clothing Him in a purple robe and bowing before Him in jest (Mark 15:16-20). They were unaware that He had the power to kill every one of them by speaking a single word. About 35 years later, Peter vividly remembered that scene. He told his readers that Christ had set an example for them as they faced persecution (1 Peter 2:18-25). In Jesus, God became a flesh-and-blood human being to show what He is like. Because Jesus lives in us by His Spirit, He expects us to exemplify His goodness and grace. The difficulties in our lives, The obstacles we face, Provide the opportunity To show God's power and grace. —Sper God's love is the blessing in every trial. Matthew 27:29 And after twisting together a crown of thorns, they put it on His head, and a reed in His right hand; and they knelt down before Him and mocked Him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” twisting together: Mt 20:19 Ps 35:15,16 69:7,19,20 Isa 49:7 53:3 Jer 20:7 Heb 12:2,3 Hail, King of the Jews: Mt 27:37 26:49 Mk 15:18 Lu 23:36,37 Jn 19:3 See Trial and Crucifixion of Jesus - Parallel Passages Matthew 27 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE MOCKERY CULMINATES WITH HAIL KING OF THE JEWS And after twisting (pleko) together a crown (stephanos) of thorns(akantha), they put it on His head, and a reed in His right hand; and they knelt down before Him and mocked (empaizo - imperfect = repeatedly mocked) Him, saying, “Hail (chairo - wish for well being - present imperative), King (basileus) of the Jews (Ioudaios)!”- The cruel Roman soldiers prepare a crown and a staff and mock Jesus by pretending obeisance to Him as a King (which He was! Jn 18:37+). They will one day in the future recall and rue the day they mocked Jesus, for in that fateful day they will be forced to bow to the King of kings, and will fully recognize He truly was the King of the Jews! Paul records that... God highly exalted Him, and bestowed on Him the name which is above every name, 10 so that at the name of Jesus EVERY KNEE WILL BOW, of those who are in heaven and on earth and under the earth, 11 and that every tongue will confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. (Php 2:9-11+) In Genesis 3:18+ God cursed the land because of Adam's sin declaring "Both thorns (Lxx = akantha) and thistles it shall grow for you; And you will eat the plants of the field." It is surely more than coincidence that the same word (akantha) associated with the curse in Genesis 3:18 is associated in Mt 27:29 with the One Who became a curse for us (Gal 3:13+), wearing a crown of thorns (akantha)! Jesus wore a "crown of thorns" for believers who will one day cast their own crowns to the King of kings! THOUGHT - It is ironic that part of the curse in Ge 3:18+ was the "thorns (Lxx = akantha) and thistles" that would grow on the earth. While the rivulets of blood that flowed down Jesus' head from the punctures by the thorns were not atoning, they were a in a sense a foreshadowing of His atoning blood shed on the Cross. Gal 3:13+ says "Christ redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse FOR (huper) us–for it is written, “CURSED IS EVERYONE WHO HANGS ON A TREE”" Notice the preposition FOR (huper) which signifies in our behalf or in our place, clearly reflecting His substitutionary atonement for us! By becoming a curse in our place, He takes away the curse we should have experienced and one day (soon) will take away the curse from the earth (cf Ro 8:22+)!
Mateus 27
Wiersbe says, “all Creation sympathized with the Creator as He suffered” (Be Diligent, 148). Might the Jews have remembered the 9th plague in Egypt was a 3 day period of darkness followed by the final plague, the death of the firstborn (Ex. 10:22-11:9)? Wiersbe again notes, “The darkness of Calvary was an announcement that God’s firstborn and Beloved Son, the Lamb of God, was giving His life for the sins of the world!” (148-149) TSK adds "That this general darkness was wholly preternatural is evident from this, that it happened at the passover, which was celebrated only at the full moon, a time in which it was impossible for the sun to be eclipsed, natural eclipses happening only at the time of the new moon. NET NOTE - This imagery has parallels to the Day of the Lord: Joel 2:10+; Amos 8:9; Zeph 1:15+. A T Robertson on the times - Clearly John uses Roman time, writing at the close of the century when Jewish time was no longer in vogue. It was six o'clock in the morning Roman time when the trial occurred before Pilate. The crucifixion began at the third hour (Mark 15:25) Jewish time or nine A.M. The darkness began at noon, the sixth hour Jewish time and lasted till 3 P.M. Roman time, the ninth hour Jewish time (Mark 15:33; Matthew 27:45; Luke 23:44). The dense darkness for three hours could not be an eclipse of the sun and Luke (Luke 23:45) does not so say, only "the sun's light failing." Darkness sometimes precedes earthquakes and one came at this time or dense masses of clouds may have obscured the sun's light. One need not be disturbed if nature showed its sympathy with the tragedy of the dying of the Creator on the Cross (Romans 8:22), groaning and travailing until now. Henry