João 4
William MacDonald · Citado em PreceptAustin
João 4
William MacDonald says "The Lord Jesus realized that the Jewish leaders were already rejecting Him and His testimony, and so here He turns to the Gentile people with the message of salvation." (BORROW Believer's Bible Commentary) Harris - The reason given for Jesus’ departure from Judea at this particular time is not at all clear—did he fear persecution? (ED: OF COURSE HAD NO FEAR PER SE LIKE WE DO, FOR HE KNEW HIS MISSION WAS TO DIE FOR THE SINS OF THE WORLD.) Certainly he had openly opposed the Jewish leaders before in the Temple.John really doesn’t tell us why Jesus chose this time to return to Galilee. Some have suggested that the Pharisees turned their attention to Jesus because John the Baptist had now been thrown into prison. But the text gives no hint of this. In any case, perhaps Jesus simply did not want to provoke a confrontation at this time (knowing that his “hour” had not yet come). (Exegetical Commentary) John had just recorded Jesus' rising popularity "And they (John’s disciples - Jn 3:25) came to John and said to him, “Rabbi, He who was with you beyond the Jordan, to Whom you have testified, behold, He is baptizing and all are coming to Him.” (Jn 3:26+) Matthew helps us understand what else Jesus knew recording... Now when Jesus heard that John had been taken into custody, He withdrew (anachoreo) into Galilee (Mt 4:12+) Why had John the Baptist been imprisoned? He was incarcerated for boldly rebuking Herod the tetrarch (aka, Herod Antipas, also called "King Herod") for his incestuous marriage to his niece, Herodias, his brother Philip's wife (Mk 6:17+)... But Herod the tetrarch, being rebuked by [John] concerning Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife, and for all the evils which Herod had done, also added this, above all, that he shut John up in prison. (Lk 3:19-20+, cf Mk 6:17-20+). Westcott comments, “It is worthy of notice that St. John never notices (by name) the Sadducees or the Herodians. The Pharisees were the true representatives of the unbelieving nation.” Lord (master, owner)(2962)(kurios from kuros = might or power, related to kuroo = to give authority) primarily means the possessor, owner, master, the supreme one, one who is sovereign and possesses absolute authority, absolute ownership and uncontested power. "The primary meaning relates to possession of power or authority." (BDAG) Kurios is used supremely of Christ the Lord, the sovereign over all creation who is the Creator (cf. Jn 1:3; Col 1:16,17). Kurios in the NT is also applied to the triune God (Yahweh). BAGD lists numerous places where "Lord" could refer to either God the Father, or God the Son (Acts 9:31; 1 Cor 4:19; 7:17; 2 Cor 8:21; Col 3:22b; 1 Th 4:6; 2 Th 3:16). Kurios in John - Jn. 1:23; Jn. 4:1; Jn. 4:11; Jn. 4:15; Jn. 4:19; Jn. 4:49; Jn. 5:4; Jn. 5:7; Jn. 6:23; Jn. 6:34; Jn. 6:68; Jn. 8:11; Jn. 9:36; Jn. 9:38; Jn. 11:2; Jn. 11:3; Jn. 11:12; Jn. 11:21; Jn. 11:27; Jn. 11:32; Jn. 11:34; Jn. 11:39; Jn. 12:13; Jn. 12:21; Jn. 12:38; Jn. 13:6; Jn. 13:9; Jn. 13:13; Jn. 13:14; Jn. 13:16; Jn. 13:25; Jn. 13:36; Jn. 13:37; Jn. 14:5; Jn. 14:8; Jn. 14:22; Jn. 15:15; Jn. 15:20; Jn. 20:2; Jn. 20:13; Jn. 20:15; Jn. 20:18; Jn. 20:20; Jn. 20:25; Jn. 20:28; Jn. 21:7; Jn. 21:12; Jn. 21:15; Jn. 21:16; Jn. 21:17; Jn. 21:20; Jn. 21:21 Pharisees (5330)(pharisaios) is transliterated from the Hebrew parash (06567 - to separate) from Aramaic word peras (06537) ("Peres" in Da 5:28+), signifying to separate, owing to a different manner of life from that of the general public. After the resettling of the Jewish people in Judea on their return from the Babylonian captivity, there were two religious groups among them. One party contented themselves with following only what was written in the Law of Moses. These were called Zadikim, the righteous. The other group added the constitutions and traditions of the elders, as well as other rigorous observances, to the Law and voluntarily complied with them. They were called Chasidim or the pious. From the Zadikim the sects of the Sadducees and Karaites were derived. From the Chasidim were derived the Pharisees and the Essenes. Ironically, it was the zeal of the Pharisees for the law that caused the Pharisees to become focused on rituals and externally keeping the law. They abandoned true religion of the heart for mere outward behavior modification and ritual (cf. Mt. 15:3–6), leading Jesus to scathingly denounce their pseudospirituality (Mt. 23:23; cf. 6:1–5; 9:14; 12:2; Luke 11:38–39). According to Josephus, Ant. 17.2.4 there were more than 6,000 Pharisees in Jesus' day (more Pharisees than Sadducees). See also Who were the Pharisees? Pharisaios - 99x in 94v - Matt. 3:7; Matt. 5:20; Matt. 9:11; Matt. 9:14; Matt. 9:34; Matt. 12:2; Matt. 12:14; Matt. 12:24; Matt. 12:38; Matt. 15:1; Matt. 15:12; Matt. 16:1; Matt. 16:6; Matt. 16:11; Matt. 16:12; Matt. 19:3; Matt. 21:45; Matt. 22:15; Matt. 22:34; Matt. 22:41; Matt. 23:2; Matt. 23:13; Matt. 23:14; Matt. 23:15; Matt. 23:23; Matt. 23:25; Matt. 23:26; Matt. 23:27; Matt. 23:29; Matt. 27:62; Mk. 2:16; Mk. 2:18; Mk. 2:24; Mk. 3:6; Mk. 7:1; Mk. 7:3; Mk. 7:5; Mk. 8:11; Mk. 8:15; Mk. 10:2; Mk. 12:13; Lk. 5:17; Lk. 5:21; Lk. 5:30; Lk. 5:33; Lk. 6:2; Lk. 6:7; Lk. 7:30; Lk. 7:36; Lk. 7:37; Lk. 7:39; Lk. 11:37; Lk. 11:38; Lk. 11:39; Lk. 11:42; Lk. 11:43; Lk. 11:53; Lk. 12:1; Lk. 13:31; Lk. 14:1; Lk. 14:3; Lk. 15:2; Lk. 16:14; Lk. 17:20; Lk. 18:10; Lk. 18:11; Lk. 19:39; Jn. 1:24; Jn. 3:1; Jn. 4:1; Jn. 7:32; Jn. 7:45; Jn. 7:47; Jn. 7:48; Jn. 8:3; Jn. 8:13; Jn. 9:13; Jn. 9:15; Jn. 9:16; Jn. 9:40; Jn. 11:46; Jn. 11:47; Jn. 11:57; Jn. 12:19; Jn. 12:42; Jn. 18:3; Acts 5:34; Acts 15:5; Acts 23:6; Acts 23:7; Acts 23:8; Acts 23:9; Acts 26:5; Phil. 3:5 John 4:2 (although Jesus Himself was not baptizing, but His disciples were), NET John 4:2 (although Jesus himself was not baptizing, but his disciples were), GNT John 4:2 -καίτοιγε Ἰησοῦς αὐτὸς οὐκ ἐβάπτιζεν ἀλλ᾽ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ- NLT John 4:2 (though Jesus himself didn't baptize them-- his disciples did). KJV John 4:2 (Though Jesus himself baptized not, but his disciples,) ESV John 4:2 (although Jesus himself did not baptize, but only his disciples), NIV John 4:2 although in fact it was not Jesus who baptized, but his disciples. ASV John 4:2 (although Jesus himself baptized not, but his disciples), CSB John 4:2 (though Jesus Himself was not baptizing, but His disciples were), NKJ John 4:2 (though Jesus Himself did not baptize, but His disciples), NRS John 4:2 -- although it was not Jesus himself but his disciples who baptized-- YLT John 4:2 (though indeed Jesus himself was not baptizing, but his disciples,) NAB John 4:2 (although Jesus himself was not baptizing, just his disciples), NJB John 4:2 though in fact it was his disciples who baptised, not Jesus himself- GWN John 4:2 (Actually, Jesus was not baptizing people. His disciples were.) BBE John 4:2 (Though, in fact, it was his disciples who gave baptism, not Jesus himself), Acts 10:48 1Co 1:13-17 John 4 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries PARENTHETICAL NOTE DISCIPLES BAPTIZING Although Jesus Himself was not baptizing (baptizo), but His disciples were - John is speaking of course of literal baptism in water (he does not specify how much water), but clearly baptism was not being performed as an empty ritual. Those who heeded the call to repent (Jesus cried "Repent and believe in the Gospel" - Mark 1:15+) were baptized as in the baptism of John and foreshadowed Christian baptism which was not instituted until after Jesus’ death and resurrection (see Ro 6:3-4+). NOTE: The fact that Jesus Himself did not baptize is an argument against the false teaching of baptismal regeneration. How could the Savior of the world not baptize individual and yet still save them? For example in Luke 7:48-50 said "said to the woman, “Your faith has saved you; go in peace.” Notice what He did NOT say - "Go and be baptized so you can be saved!" Similarly in Mark 2:5 "Jesus seeing their faith said to the paralytic, “Son, your sins are forgiven.” Again He makes no mention of baptism but clearly declares the forgiveness of sins! Clearly water baptism was not necessary for salvation. Do not let any church teach you it is absolutely necessary for salvation. The only thing that is necessary for salvation is to believe in the Lord Jesus Christ and you will be saved! (cf Acts 16:31+). Notice that the Philippian jailer was first SAVED and then he was BAPTIZED (Acts 16:33+). The baptism did not save him but was demonstration that he had been saved! As
João 4
William MacDonald - The Lord never used His complete knowledge of all things to needlessly expose or shame a person. But He did use it, as here, in order to deliver a person from the bondage of sin. (BORROW Believer's Bible Commentary) And the one whom you now have is not your husband - Again Jesus simply states what He knows is true, not to condemn her. She has a live in man, but no husband at present. Will this convict her of her sin? She needed to acknowledge her sin before Jesus could bless her with living water of salvation. THOUGHT - One has to wonder how many couples that are going to church read right over this and go on living together even though they are not married? R C H
João 4
William MacDonald - Some Christians are called on to preach the gospel for many years without seeing very much fruit for their labor. Others step in at the end of those years, and many souls turn to the Lord. Throughout the OT period, the prophets had foretold the coming of the gospel era and of the Messiah. Then, too, John the Baptist came as a forerunner of the Lord, seeking to prepare the hearts of the people to receive Him. The Lord Himself had sown the seed in Samaria, and prepared a harvest for the reapers (ED: SEE Acts 8:5-8+ AND NOTICE V.8 "there was much rejoicing!"). Now the disciples were about to step into the harvest field, and the Lord wanted them to know that, although they would have the joy of seeing many turning to Christ, they should understand that they were entering into other men’s labors. (BORROW Believer's Bible Commentary) THOUGHT - Very few souls are ever saved through the ministry of a single person. Most people have heard the gospel many times before they ever accept the Savior. Therefore, the one who finally leads a person to Christ should not exalt himself as if he were the only instrument God used in this marvelous work. (MacDonald) Steven Cole recalls the story of Adoniram Judson (read his bio) who labored his entire lifetime in Burma with much hardship, many disappointments, and little visible fruit in terms of converts. But today there are over a million Christians in Burma who trace their roots back to Judson’s labors. Your sowing is not in vain if others reap the fruit. Be faithful in sowing the seed! Brian Bell - Evangelism is a partnership. Each role is essential. We must be ready to fulfill either. 1. What did Jesus mean, “I sent you to reap that for which you have not labored”? a) He meant, He had been witnessing to the Samaritan woman, & she had been witnessing to her friends & neighbors & now they were coming to the well. b) It would be the disciples privileged to reap them (i.e. teach them more about Jesus & establish them in the kingdom & family of God) Whether you dig, plant, water, or pick the crop, there should never be a competition. All will share in the joy of seeing the kingdom of God advanced! Lighthouse analogy: No matter how many lighthouses you have protecting a coast line, they are never in competition with one another. Each simply warns and protects a different piece of the coastline for travelers. Bruce Barton - TAKING CREDIT Think of all that farmers do—plowing, fertilizing, sowing, weeding, watering, harvesting. For the most part, however, farmers are a humble group when it comes to taking credit for the results. So much is out of their hands, yet what they do is vital. In spreading the gospel, God gives us a significant role, yet he deserves the credit. In fact, we can only claim to have done a small part of the job. Often we have only a slight idea of how others have contributed to what God accomplished in a person. But our testimony, kindness, encouragement, patience, or teaching of the gospel may be the turning point in someone’s life. Let us make the most of all our opportunities. (BORROW Life application New Testament commentary ) Being wearied (2872)(kopiao from kopos = labor, fatigue, and used in secular Greek of a "beating") speaks of intense, hard, wearisome toil even to the point of utter exhaustion. Kopiao describes not so much the actual exertion as the weariness which follows the straining of all one's powers to the utmost. The person has become physically worn out, weary or faint. In fact the work described by kopiao left one so weary it was as if they had been beaten ( the secular meaning of the root word kopos). Jesus uses kopiao to describe the lilies "how they grow: they neither toil nor spin...." (Lk 12:27+) Kopiao - 21v - diligently labor(1), grown weary(1), hard-working(1), labor(3), labored(4), labors(1), toil(4), wearied(1), weary(1), work hard(1), worked(2), worked hard(1), worked hard worked hard(1), workers(1), working hard(1). Matt. 6:28; Matt. 11:28; Lk. 5:5; Lk. 12:27; Jn. 4:6; Jn. 4:38; Acts 20:35; Rom. 16:6; Rom. 16:12; 1 Co. 4:12; 1 Co. 15:10; 1 Co. 16:16; Gal. 4:11; Eph. 4:28; Phil. 2:16; Col. 1:29; 1 Thess. 5:12; 1 Tim. 4:10; 1 Tim. 5:17; 2 Tim. 2:6; Rev. 2:3 Others have labored, and you have entered into their labors. Jn 4:38 In the Lord's kingdom there are sowers and there are reapers. Some do the unrewarding work of plowing and scattering the precious seed of God's Word, and some reap the benefits of other people's labors and are privileged to gather the abundant harvest. Yet both are vitally needed because no one can do alone the extensive work that Christ commands. In eastern countries, professional weavers are sometimes unable to complete in a lifetime the large tapestries assigned to them. When one artisan dies, however, another picks up the threads and weaves according to the original pattern. No CHRISTIAN HAS NOTHING TO DO! One April morning in the early 1800s John Chapman appeared in Licking Spring, Ohio, staked out a clearing, took some seeds out of a burlap bag that he always carried, and began to plant them. After building a fence around the plot, he departed as quietly as he had come. He then traveled through other towns in Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan, and followed the same procedure. When Chapman lived in Massachusetts, he had heard that only a few fruit trees existed in the Midwest, so he set out single handedly to remedy the situation. Today this man is known by the name "Johnny Appleseed." WE PLANT THE SEED; GOD GIVES THE HARVEST. John 4:39 From that city many of the Samaritans believed in Him because of the word of the woman who testified, “He told me all the things that I have done.” BGT John 4:39 Ἐκ δὲ τῆς πόλεως ἐκείνης πολλοὶ ἐπίστευσαν εἰς αὐτὸν τῶν Σαμαριτῶν διὰ τὸν λόγον τῆς γυναικὸς μαρτυρούσης ὅτι εἶπέν μοι πάντα ἃ ἐποίησα. NET John 4:39 Now many Samaritans from that town believed in him because of the report of the woman who testified, "He told me everything I ever did." NLT John 4:39 Many Samaritans from the village believed in Jesus because the woman had said, "He told me everything I ever did!" ESV John 4:39 Many Samaritans from that town believed in him because of the woman's testimony, "He told me all that I ever did." NIV John 4:39 Many of the Samaritans from that town believed in him because of the woman's testimony, "He told me everything I ever did." GNT John 4:39 Ἐκ δὲ τῆς πόλεως ἐκείνης πολλοὶ ἐπίστευσαν εἰς αὐτὸν τῶν Σαμαριτῶν διὰ τὸν λόγον τῆς γυναικὸς μαρτυρούσης ὅτι Εἶπέν μοι πάντα ἃ ἐποίησα. KJV John 4:39 And many of the Samaritans of that city believed on him for the saying of the woman, which testified, He told me all that ever I did. YLT John 4:39 And from that city many believed in him, of the Samaritans, because of the word of the woman testifying, -- 'He told me all things -- as many as I did.' ASV John 4:39 And from that city many of the Samaritans believed on him because of the word of the woman, who testified, He told me all things that ever I did. CSB John 4:39 Now many Samaritans from that town believed in Him because of what the woman said when she testified, "He told me everything I ever did." NKJ John 4:39 And many of the Samaritans of that city believed in Him because of the word of the woman who testified, "He told me all that I ever did." NRS John 4:39 Many Samaritans from that city believed in him because of the woman's testimony, "He told me everything I have ever done." NAB John 4:39 Many of the Samaritans of that town began to believe in him because of the word of the woman who testified, "He told me everything I have done." NJB John 4:39 Many Samaritans of that town believed in him on the strength of the woman's words of testimony, 'He told me everything I have done.' GWN John 4:39 Many Samaritans in that city believed in Jesus because of the woman who said, "He told me everything I've ever done." many ): Joh 10:41,42 11:45 for: Joh 4:29,42 John 4 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Sébastien Bourdon - Christ and the Samaritan Woman MANY BELIEVED IN JESUS Bruce Barton - As a result of Jesus’ conversation with the Samaritan woman, her bold witness in town, and the people’s curiosity, many became believers. The choice is a significant challenge to the whole person—mind, will, emotions, experience. The response is profound, but not complicated. At some point a person’s mind must stop asking how, his will must stop asking why, his emotions must set fear aside, and his experience must not be allowed to say “Jesus can’t be trusted either.” Jesus’ proof was compelling. John was convinced and believed; the Samaritans were convinced and believed; so have millions of others. The unavoidable question each person must ask is, “Have I believed in Jesus?” (BORROW Life application New Testament commentary ) From that city many of the Samaritans believed (pisteuo) in Him - Note the adjective many! Think about this a moment. This woman had a horrible reputation in Sychar and yet when God redeemed her, He made her like a diamond in the rough. You show off a diamond by putting it on a black cloth. This woman's "cloth" background was "black," but when the Spirit transferred her from darkness to light, she sparkled in a way that the townspeople simply could not refute and many thankfully chose not to ignore! Notice that they heard her word, but believed in the Word! THOUGHT - We are not responsible for the response, only responsible (albeit we are privileged and are to be good stewards) to tell "the old, old story, Of unseen things above, Of Jesus and His glory, Of Jesus and His love." That is what she did (even without any theological degree or training). God is not looking for smarter witnesses, just sincere witnesses! Don't be shy in telling the old, old story of what Jesus did in your life. You may be surprised like I am sure this woman was at the response! Because of the word of the woman who testified (martureo), “He told me all the things that I have done - She may have exaggerated a little with the declaration all the things but clearly she was excited and convinced of Jesus' supernatural knowledge. "That supernatural knowledge of the details of her past settled for them that He was in fact the Messiah." (MacArthur) Her word did not "save" them but served to direct them or point them to the Messiah in whose Name they would be saved. Notice the woman's focus is on Jesus (He told me....). Her testimony elevated Jesus above natural men. Her elevating Jesus piqued (excited) their attention causing them to go out to meet this Jesus, Who then saved them.