Lucas 17
Theophylact of Ohrid
Lucas 17:1
Since the covetous Pharisees were grumbling against the Lord because He spoke about non-possessiveness, He first told the parable of the rich man and Lazarus, showing them through it what punishment awaited them for their attachment to wealth; and then He turns His discourse to the disciples concerning the Pharisees themselves, that they cause scandal and hold others back from the Divine path, and that for this "woe" is appointed as their portion. Let us see, then, what He says. "It is impossible that offenses should not come, but woe to him through whom they come," that is, it is impossible that offenses or obstacles to a good and God-pleasing life should not come. For given the great wickedness of men, there must necessarily appear a multitude of obstacles to the preaching and to the truth. But woe only "to him through whom they come," that is, to their instigator, such as the Pharisees, who cause offense and hinder the preaching. Many ask in perplexity: if offenses must necessarily come and it is impossible for the preaching not to encounter obstacles, then why, Lord, do You condemn and call wretched the instigators of offenses? They became such by necessity, and everything that is done by necessity is worthy of forgiveness. Know, then, that this very necessity has its origin in free will. I shall say it more clearly: the Lord, seeing the wickedness of the people of that time, seeing how they were devoted to evil and chose nothing good, said that, judging by the consequence of what was then before their eyes, it was necessary for offenses to come. Thus, the wickedness in which people delighted was a matter of free choice, while the production of offenses necessarily followed from that wickedness; and for this reason the authors of offenses are worthy of punishment. This can be illustrated by an example. A physician, seeing that a certain person leads a bad way of life and gives himself over to excess, can say that he will necessarily fall ill. Is this illness then a necessity? Yes, as a consequence of a bad way of life, it is a necessity. Therefore, woe to those who hinder the preaching, because they have reached such a degree of wickedness that offenses necessarily had to come. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:1-2
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] Because the Pharisees were covetous and railed against Christ when He preached poverty, He put to them the parable of the rich man and Lazarus. Afterwards, in speaking with His disciples concerning the Pharisees, He declares them to be men who caused division, and placed obstacles in the divine way. As it follows; Then said he unto his disciples, It is impossible but that offences will come, that is, hindrances to a good life and which is pleasing to God. Or, He says that there must arise many obstacles to preaching and to the truth, as the Pharisees hindered the preaching of Christ. But some ask, If it needs be that offences should come, why does our Lord rebuke the author of the offences? for it follows, But woe to him through whom they come. For whatsoever necessity engenders is pardonable, or deserving of pardon. But observe, that necessity itself derives its birth from free-will. For our Lord, seeing how men cling to evil, and put forward nothing good, spoke with reference to the consequence of those things which are seen, that offences must needs come; just as if a physician, seeing a man using an unwholesome diet, should say, It is impossible but that such a one should be sick. And therefore to him that causes offences He denounces woe, and threatens punishment, saying, It were better for him that a mill-stone were hanged about his neck, and he cast into the sea, &c. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:2
And indeed, for a person who causes offenses and obstacles, it is better that "a millstone be hung around his neck and he be cast into the sea" than that he should offend and lead astray "one of these little ones," that is, the faithful. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:3
Therefore the Lord warns the disciples: "Take heed to yourselves." Behold, He says, I tell you beforehand that evil will come; do not be held accountable. For evil must come, but there is no necessity for you to perish, if you are careful and arm yourselves. The wolf must come, but if the shepherd is watchful, there is no necessity for the sheep to perish, and the wolf must depart with an empty maw. The Lord said this about those who cause offense and those who harm the preaching, that is, who hinder it. Since there is a great difference among them, for some are incurable like the Pharisees, while others are curable like the Lord's brothers in relation to the Lord Himself, for even they did not believe in Him (John 7:5). So, since there is a great difference among those who hinder the preaching, for among them there could be some who are even of the same faith, the Lord says: "if your brother sins against you," "rebuke him" privately, and "if he listens to you, you have gained" him, "but if he does not listen, take with you one or two more," and the rest, which the evangelist Matthew (Matt. 18:15–17) set forth more extensively, while the evangelist Luke passed over in silence, as it had already been said by the evangelist Matthew. Whoever heeds the rebuke is worthy of forgiveness; but whoever does not heed, let him "be to you as a heathen and a tax collector," that is, abominable and unworthy of being called a brother. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:3-4
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] As if He says, Offences must needs come; but it does not follow that you must perish, if only you be on your guard: as it need not that the sheep should perish when the wolf comes, if the shepherd is watching. And since there are great varieties of offenders, (for some are incurable, some are curable,) He therefore adds, If thy brother trespass against thee, rebuke him. But some one may well ask, If when I have several times forgiven my brother he again trespass against me, what must I do with him? In answer therefore to this question He adds, And if he trespass against thee seven times in a day, and seven times in a day turn again to thee, saying, I repent; forgive him. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:4
Then, as if someone were to say: let it be so, Lord! You have distinguished this well; but what is to be done with the one who has been forgiven many times and offends again? The Lord says: if he repents again, forgive him. And further: "if... he turns back seven times in a day,... forgive him." And the phrase "seven times in a day" is used here in place of "many times," just as in the expression: "even the barren woman bears seven times" (1 Sam. 2:5). Therefore, as many times as he repents, so many times must you forgive him. And do not think that the Lord is setting a number of how many times to forgive, but, as I said before, understand "seven times in a day" in the sense of "many times" and innumerably. For we say in ordinary conversation: in such-and-such a city there are a myriad (ten thousand) inhabitants, but we say this not because there are actually ten thousand inhabitants in it, for there may be even more, but instead of calling the city very populous, we say that it has ten thousand inhabitants. And that "seven times in a day" is used in this sense is evident from the Gospel of Matthew (Matt. 18:21–22). For there, when Peter said: Lord, must I forgive him (my brother) up to seven times? The Lord said: not "up to seven, but up to seventy times seven," signifying by this an innumerable multitude of times. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:5
The apostles believed in the Lord, yet having come to an awareness of their own weakness, understanding that the Lord had spoken of something great, and having heard about the danger from temptations, they ask that the power of faith be increased in them, so that through it they might fulfill what He said, that is, regarding non-possessiveness. For nothing so strengthens one in non-possessiveness as faith in God and firm hope in Him, just as nothing so disposes one to gathering up treasures as unbelief that God is the great treasurer, and His goodness an inexhaustible treasury; moreover, with faith they can withstand temptations. Therefore the apostles approach the Lord and say: "Increase our faith," that is, show us to be more perfect and more steadfast in faith. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:5-6
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] The disciples hearing our Lord discoursing of certain arduous duties, such as poverty, and avoiding offences, entreat Him to increase their faith, that so they might be able to follow poverty, (for nothing so prompts to a life of poverty as faith and hope in the Lord,) and through faith to guard against giving offences. Therefore it is said, And the Apostles said unto the Lord, Increase our faith. But our Lord told them that they asked well, and that they ought to believe stedfastly, forasmuch as faith could do many things; and hence it follows, And the Lord said, If ye had faith as a grain of mustard seed, &c. Two mighty acts are here brought together in the same sentence; the transplanting of that which was rooted in the earth, and the planting thereof in the sea, (for what is ever planted in the waves?) by which two things He declares the power of faith. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:6
The Lord, showing them that their request is good and that they need to hold firmly to the thought that faith has great power, says: if you had faith, you would transplant even this mulberry tree. Here there are two great things, namely: that which was rooted in the earth would, first, be moved from its place, and second, would be transplanted into the sea. But what can be planted in water? Obviously, by these words the Lord shows the power of faith. Perhaps someone in a figurative sense will understand the "mulberry tree" to mean the devil, since he invented the eternal worm for us and nourishes it with the thoughts he plants; for silkworms are fed on mulberry leaves, from which silk threads come. So too can faith uproot this mulberry tree from the human heart and cast it into the sea, that is, hurl him down into the abyss. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:7
Having said this about faith, the Lord adds another very necessary teaching. What kind? The teaching that one must not be proud of virtuous attainments. Since faith accomplishes much and makes the one who possesses it a fulfiller of the commandments, adorning him also with miracles, and from this a person can easily fall into arrogance, the Lord therefore warns the apostles not to be exalted by their attainments, presenting a fine example. "Who among you," He says, "having a servant," and so forth. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:7-10
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] Because faith makes its possessor a keeper of God's commandments, and adorns him with wonderful works; it would seem from thence that a man might thereby fall into the sin of pride. Our Lord therefore forewarned His Apostles by a fit example, not to boast themselves in their virtues, saying, But which of you having a servant plowing, &c. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:8-9
By this parable it is declared that one must not boast of any attainment, not even of the fulfillment of all the commandments. For upon a servant lies the necessary obligation to carry out the orders of his master, yet the fulfillment of them should not be reckoned to him as a virtue. For if the servant does not do his work, he is worthy of blows; but when he has done it, let him be content that he has escaped blows, and should not for this necessarily demand payment. For to pay him, and especially to give him something as a gift, depends on the generosity of the master. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:10
So also the one who serves God must not be exalted if he fulfills the commandments, for he has done nothing great. On the contrary, if he had not fulfilled them, woe would be to him, as the apostle said: "Woe to me if I do not preach the Gospel!" (1 Cor. 9:16). Likewise, if he has received gifts, he must not boast of them, for the gifts were given to him by the grace of God, and not because the Master supposedly owed him. For it is the particular duty of a servant, in relation to his master, to carry out all his orders. If we ought not to think anything great of ourselves even when we have kept all the commandments, then what are we when we do not fulfill even a small part of God's commandments, and yet are proud? Pay attention also to the expression of the parable, that "plowing" is placed first, and then "tending sheep" is added. For whoever it may be, one must first cultivate the earth, and only then take up the pastoral office. He who has well cultivated his own flesh, as if it were a kind of soil, is worthy to be a shepherd of others as well. For he who does not know how to manage his own household properly, how will he care for the Church (1 Tim. 3:5)? Therefore, first cultivate yourself, and then feed others, just as the prophet Jeremiah also said: "Break up your fallow ground" (Jer. 4:3), and then enlighten yourselves with the light of knowledge, by which is signified the most important part of the pastoral office. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:11
And from this anyone can understand that nothing prevents anyone from pleasing God, even if he be from a cursed race, so long as he has good will. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:12
Behold, "ten leprous men" met Jesus when He was about to enter a certain city. They met Him outside the city, for since they were considered unclean, they were not permitted to live inside the city (Lev. 13:46). They stood "afar off," as if ashamed of their supposed uncleanness and not daring to approach, thinking that Jesus too would be disgusted by them, as others did. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:12
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] They therefore stand afar off as if ashamed of the uncleanness which was imputed to them, thinking that Christ would loathe them as others did. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:13
And they raised their voices and asked for mercy. In place they stood afar off, but through prayer they drew near. For the Lord is near to all who call upon Him in truth (Ps. 145:18). They ask for mercy not as from a mere man, but as from one who is above man. For they call Jesus Master, that is, Lord, Guardian, Overseer, which is very close to calling Him God. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:13
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] Thus they stood afar off, but were made nigh unto Him by their prayers. For the Lord is nigh unto all them that call upon him in truth. (Ps. 145:18.) Therefore it follows, And they lifted up their voices, and said, Jesus, Master, have mercy upon us. They do not merely supplicate or entreat Him as if He were a man, but they call Him Master or Lord, as if almost they looked upon Him as God. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:14
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] But He bids them show themselves to the priests, as it follows, And when he saw them, he said, Go, show yourselves unto the priests. For they were examined whether they were cleansed from their leprosy or not. Therefore in bidding them go to the priests, he meant nothing more than that they were just about to be healed; and so it follows, And it came to pass that as they went they were healed. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:14
He commands them to show themselves to the priests. For the priests examined such people, and from them they received the determination of whether they were clean from leprosy or not (Lev. 13). The priests had signs by which they identified incurable leprosy. And even when someone had contracted leprosy and then recovered, the priests would examine them, and the gift commanded in the Law was brought to them. But here, when the lepers were indisputably such, what need was there for them to show themselves to the priests if they were not going to be completely cleansed? The command for them to go to the priests pointed to nothing other than the fact that they would become clean. Therefore it is also said that as they were going along the road, they were cleansed. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:15
But see, as we also said at the beginning, out of ten men nine, although they were Israelites, remained ungrateful. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:15
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] But out of the ten, the nine Israelites were ungrateful, whereas the Samaritan stranger returned and lifted up his voice in thanksgiving, as it follows, And one of them turned back, and with a loud voice glorified God. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:16
But the Samaritan, although he was of a foreign race, returned and expressed his gratitude (for the Samaritans were Assyrians), so that none of the Gentiles would despair, and none of those descended from holy ancestors would boast of this. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:16
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] We may gather from this that a man is not one whit hindered from pleasing God because he comes from a cursed race, only let him bear in his heart an honest purpose. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:17-18
This miracle also hints at the universal salvation that was for the entire human race. The ten lepers signify all of human nature, leprous with evil, bearing upon itself the disfigurement of sin, living outside the heavenly city because of its uncleanness, and standing far from God. This very standing far from God interceded for mercy. For the God who loves mankind and desires to save and bless all, the strongest motivation for mercy is to see that no one partakes in goodness. For this very reason He condescended to heal those in such a condition. And although He healed all of leprous nature by becoming incarnate and tasting death for every person, nevertheless the Jews, despite being cleansed on the Lord's part from all the impurities of leprous sin, proved ungrateful and did not turn from their vain way to give glory to God the Savior, that is, to believe in Him — that He, the true God, deigned to endure the most grievous sufferings. For the Flesh and the Cross are the glory of God. Thus they did not acknowledge the Incarnate and Crucified One as the Lord of glory. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:17-18
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] Further, let not him that is born of saints boast himself, for the nine who were Israelites were ungrateful; and hence it follows, And Jesus answering him said, Were there not ten cleansed? — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:19
But the Gentiles, an alien people, acknowledged the One who cleansed them and glorified Him by faith — that God is so loving of mankind and so powerful that for our sake He took upon Himself the utmost dishonor, which is a work of love for mankind, and having taken it upon Himself, suffered no harm in His own nature, which is a work of power. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:20
The Lord often mentioned the Kingdom of God in His teaching. But the Pharisees, upon hearing of it, laughed at the Lord and therefore approached with the question of when it would come, by way of mocking Him as an eccentric preaching about an extraordinary and strange subject. For none of the former teachers and prophets had mentioned it (the Kingdom of God). Or perhaps, having in mind their intention to kill Him before long, they approach Him with a question so as to sting Him and ridicule Him, as if saying: You speak of a Kingdom, but when will this Kingdom of Yours come? For tomorrow You will be handed over by us to death, You will be lifted up on a cross, and You will receive much other dishonor. What then does Christ say? He does not answer the foolish according to their senseless thought and folly (Prov. 26:4), but leaves them to wander regarding the similar name of the Kingdom, and does not reveal to them either what Kingdom He is speaking of (for they would not have accepted it anyway), nor that this Kingdom is not like a worldly kingdom, but is a Kingdom above the world (John 18:36). — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:21
Having kept silent about this, since by their willful deafness they were unworthy to hear of it, the Lord says concerning the time of the coming of the Kingdom that it is unknown and not subject to observation; for the Kingdom of God has no fixed time, but for the one who desires it, it is present at every moment. For the Kingdom of God undoubtedly consists in a life and ordering of oneself after the pattern of the Angels. Then, it is said, God truly reigns when nothing worldly is found in our souls, but when in all things we conduct ourselves above the world. And such a way of life we have within ourselves, that is, whenever we will it. For faith requires neither a long period of time nor journeys, but faith, and following upon faith a God-pleasing life, are near to us. Concerning this very thing the Apostle said: "The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart, that is, the word of faith which we preach" (Rom. 10:8). For to believe and, having believed, to walk worthy of the calling — this is within us. So then, the Pharisees mocked the Lord because He was preaching a Kingdom that no one had ever preached. But the Lord declares that they do not understand a subject that is within them and that is very easy for anyone who desires it to attain. Now, while I am among you, you can certainly obtain the Kingdom of God if you believe in Me and resolve to live according to My commandments. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:22
That is, the Kingdom of God belongs to you as well, so long as I am with you. It belongs to you not only because you have believed in Me and followed Me, but also because you now live in perfect freedom from care, since I care for and think about you. But when I am no longer with you, such days will come that you will be given over to dangers, led before rulers and kings. Then you, as those of the Kingdom of God, will long for the present safe life that you lead with Me, and will many times wish to have even one of My days, that is, the days of My presence with you, as the safest of days. Although they (the disciples of the Lord), even while they were with Him, led a life not without labors and dangers, enduring flight with Him who fled and insult with Him who was insulted, yet if their former adventures are compared with the future dangers, it will turn out that they were then very safe. Therefore, even with such a way of life, that is, with small dangers and labors, the Kingdom of God was within the apostles; whereas after the Resurrection they were like captives and exiles. With these words the Lord prepares the hearts of the apostles for labors and endurance, and tells them beforehand so that they would not be scandalized (John 16:1). — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:22
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] For their life was then without trouble, for Christ took care of them and protected them. But the time was coming when Christ should be taken away, and they should be exposed to perils, being brought before kings and princes, and then they should long for the first time and its tranquillity. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:23
Do not listen, He says, to anyone's persuasions that I have come here or there. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:24
For My second coming, most radiant and most glorious, will not be confined to any one place, but just as lightning is not hidden but appears from one end of the earth to the other, so bright and manifest will My second coming be, and it will be hidden from no one. Therefore, do not yield to the temptations of false christs. Previously I appeared in a manger and for thirty years was in humiliation, but then it will not be so: I will come in all glory, accompanied by angelic hosts, and in a single instant. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:25
Then, since He had foretold terrible calamities for them, comforting them and urging them to endure these manfully, He sets Himself before them as an example. Do not marvel, He says, if such difficulties befall you as to make you wish for the return of My present sojourn with you. For I Myself, who am to appear as lightning, must first suffer many things and be rejected, and then come in that glory. Let this, then, be for you a persuasion to virtue and an encouragement to patience, that is, look to Me and trust that for you, too, in return for enduring dangers and rejection, glory shall be your portion, just as it is Mine. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:26-30
And here the Lord points to the suddenness and unexpectedness of His coming. For just as in the days of Noah the flood came suddenly and destroyed everyone, so also will His coming be. By these examples, that is, the example of the people before the flood and the Sodomites (before the fire), it is also hinted that at the coming of the Antichrist all manner of indecent pleasures will multiply among people, that people will be dissolute and given over to criminal pleasures, as the Apostle also said that "in the last days... people will be... lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God" (2 Tim. 3:1–2, 4). And it is no wonder that under the reign of the deceiver evil will flourish. For he is the haven of the malice of every sin. What else will he endeavor to instill in the wretched generation of people at that time, if not his own qualities? For from the unclean, what can become clean? And so, people will then be sunk in every sensual pleasure, just as in the days of Noah, and will not expect any misfortune, nor will they even believe it if someone speaks to them of the occurrence of any calamity, just like the people who lived in the days of Noah and in the days of Lot. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:26-30
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] For when Antichrist has come, then shall men become wanton, given up to abominable vices, as the Apostle says, Lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God. (2 Tim. 3:4.) For if Antichrist is the dwelling-place of every sin, what else will he then implant in the miserable race of men, but what belongs to himself. And this our Lord implies by the instances of the deluge and the people of Sodom. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:31
On that day of the coming of the Antichrist, "whoever is on the housetop," that is, on the height of virtue, let him not come down from it, let him not descend for any worldly object. For all worldly objects are called vessels for a person, serving one for virtue and another for evil deeds. Therefore, you who stand on the height of virtue, do not come down for anything worldly and do not fall from your height, but resist evil and do not grow weary. Likewise also he "who is in the field" should not turn back. For he who is in the field, that is, in this world cultivating virtue, must not turn back, but must press forward, as it is also said in another place: "No one, having put his hand to the plow and looking back, is fit for the Kingdom of God" (Luke 9:62). — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:31-33
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] Matthew relates all these things to have been said by our Lord, with reference to the destruction of Jerusalem, that when the Romans came upon them, they who were on the housetop should not come down to take any thing, but fly at once, nor they that were in the field return home. And surely so it was at the taking of Jerusalem, and again will be at the coming of Antichrist, but much more at the completion of all things, when that intolerable destruction shall come. Next follows the promise, Whosoever shall seek, &c. as if he said, Let no man in the persecutions of Antichrist seek to secure his life, for he shall lose it, but whoso shall expose himself to trials and death shall be safe, never submitting himself to the tyrant from his love of life. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:32
The Lord presents the wife of Lot as an example. She, having looked back, became a pillar of salt (Gen. 19:26), that is, not having departed from wickedness, she remained in its saltiness, having become entirely wicked, and, having sunk and remained in evil, she stands as a monument of the defeat which she suffered. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:33
Then the Lord adds what also relates to the foregoing: "Whoever seeks to save his life shall lose it." Let no one, He says, during the persecution of the Antichrist try to save his life, for such a person shall lose it. But whoever gives himself over to death and to suffering in general shall be saved, not bowing before the tyrant out of love for life. Above, the Lord said that he who stands on the height of virtue should not come down from it for worldly things, should not be carried away by either gain or possessions, nor grow weak in the struggle because of them. Likewise now, extending the point further, He says: and why do I say, do not go back for your goods? No, do not abandon virtue even for the sake of outward goods, nor even for the sake of preserving your very life should you resolve to bow before the deceiver and persecutor. The Evangelist Matthew (Matt. 24) says that the Lord spoke all of this concerning the captivity of Jerusalem, alluding to the siege by enemies and to the fact that during the invasion of the Romans one must flee from them without looking back: those on the rooftop need not go down into the house to take anything of their belongings, but must flee at once, for this is no time of tranquility in which to gather vessels; likewise, those in the field need not return home, and even one who is at home must flee. There is nothing surprising, however, if this was fulfilled at the taking of Jerusalem and will again be fulfilled at the coming of the Antichrist, especially if before the very time of the end of the world there is to be an unbearably heavy tribulation. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:34
And from this we learn that the coming of the Lord will follow unexpectedly and suddenly. For the saying that "two... will be... in one bed" shows the carefree state of people. Likewise the grinding indicates the unexpectedness of the coming. We also learn that the coming will follow at night. So the Lord says that even among the rich, resting in bed, some will be saved, and others will not. The Lord once said that the rich are saved with difficulty (Matt. 19:23–24). Now He shows that not all the rich perish, nor are all the poor saved, but even among the rich one will be taken and will be caught up "to meet the Lord" (1 Thess. 4:17), as one light in spirit and heavenly, while the other will be left below, as one condemned. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:34-37
[(as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)] Or He teaches us the suddenness of Christ's coming, which we are told will be in the night. And having said that the rich can scarcely be saved, He shows that not all the rich perish, nor all the poor are saved. — Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Lucas 17:35-36
In like manner, of the poor as well, who are signified by those grinding, one will be saved and another will not. For not all the poor are righteous: some of them are thieves and cut purses. By grinding is indicated the laboriousness of the life of the poor. — Commentary on Luke
Lucas 17:37
When the disciples asked the Lord where these would be taken, He answered: "where the corpse is, there... are the eagles also"; that is, where the Son of Man is, there are all the saints, light and soaring high, whereas sinners are heavy and therefore remain below. Just as when a dead body lies, all carrion birds flock to it, so too when the Son of Man, who died for us and was accounted as a corpse, appears from heaven, all the saints and the very Angels will be gathered together. For He will come with them in the glory of the Father and in indescribable radiance. Although He called this time night, He called it so because it is unexpected and because darkness will then envelop sinners. But upon the righteous light will shine, and they themselves will shine like the sun (Matt. 13:43). — Commentary on Luke