1 Reis 22
Bob Utley · You Can Understand the Bible
1 Reis 22
NJB (MT versing) Ahab's Third Campaign Against Aram Micaiah Warns Ahab Ahab Dies in Battle The Prophet Micaiah Warns Ahab Ahab Plans a Campaign Against Ramoth in Gilead 22:1-4 22:1-4 22:1-4 22:1-2 22:1-4 22:3-4a 22:4b-5 The Spurious Prophets Predict Success 22:5-12 22:5-12 22:5-12 22:5-9 22:6 22:7 22:8 22:9 22:10-12 22:10-12 Micaiah Predicts Defeat The Prophet Micaiah Predicts Defeat 22:13-14 22:13-16 22:13-14 22:13 22:13-17 22:14 22:15-18 22:15-18 22:15 22:16 (17) 22:17-23 22:17 (17) 22:18 22:18-23 22:19-23 22:19-23 22:19-22 22:23 22:24-28 22:24-28 22:24-28 22:24 22:24-28 22:25 22:26-27 22:28 Defeat and Death of Ahab Ahab Dies in Battle The Death of Ahab Ahab Falls at Ramoth in Gilead 22:29-33 22:29-36 22:29-36 22:29-30 22:29-33 22:31-34 22:34-36 22:34-38 22:35-36 22:37-40 22:37-40 22:37-40 22:37-38 22:39-40 22:39-40 The New Rulers Jehoshaphat Reigns in Judah Reign of Jehoshaphat in Judah King Jehoshaphat of Judah The Reign of Jehoshaphat (870-848) 22:41-44 22:41-44 22:41-44 22:41-44 22:41-45 22:45-50 22:45-50 22:45-46 22:45-46 22:46-51 22:47-50 22:47 22:48-49 22:50 Ahaziah Reigns in Israel Accession of Ahaziah in Israel King Ahaziah of Israel 22:51-53 22:51-53 22:51-53 22:51-53 King Ahaziah of Israel (853-852) and the Prophet Elijah 22:52-54 Etc.
1 Reis 22:1-4
22:1 This chapter continues Israel's conflict with Syria (cf. 1 Kings 20). This would have been the third major battle. ▣ "Jehoshaphat" He was one of the good kings of Judah (cf. 2 Chronicles 18). This chapter in 1 Kings (22) is paralleled in 2 Chronicles 18. I have included below my exegetical notes on 2 Chronicles 18. If there are significant differences I have put these below the 2 Chronicles commentary. NJB (MT versing) Jehoshaphat Allies With Ahab Micaiah Warns Ahab Jehoshaphat's Ill-fated Alliance with Ahab The Prophet Micaiah Warns Ahab His Alliance with Ahab and the Intervention of the Prophet 18:1-3 18:1-3 18:1-3 18:1-3a 18:1-3 18:3b-4 The Spurious Prophets Predict Success 18:4-7 18:4-5 18:4-11 18:4-8 18:5a 18:5b 18:6-11 18:6 Ahab's False Prophets Assure Victory 18:7 18:8-11 18:8 18:9-11 18:9-11 Micaiah Brings Word From God The Prophet Micaiah Predicts Defeat 18:12-13 18:12-17 18:12-13 18:12 18:12-16 (16) 18:13 18:14-17 (16) 18:14-17 18:14a 18:14b 18:15 18:16 18:17 18:17-22 18:18-22 18:18-22 18:18-22 18:18-21 18:22 18:23-27 18:23-27 18:23-27 18:23 18:23-27 18:24 18:25-26 18:27 Ahab's Defeat and Death Ahab Dies in Battle The Death of Ahab The Battle 18:28-34 18:28-19:3 18:28-34 18:28-29 28:28-32 18:30-34 28:33-34
1 Reis 22:37-40
2 Kings 22:37 Micaiah's prophecy was fulfilled! 22:38 The author/editor of 1 Kings saw this verse as a fulfillment of 1 Kgs. 21:19. ▣ ""(now the harlots bathed themselves there)" These were probably the female worship partners at the local Ba'al/Asherah shrine. Their presence made a pool unclean, as did the presence of the dogs! Ahab has been judged! 22:39 "the ivory houses" This refers to Ahab's two palaces which had furniture inlaid with ivory carvings. These carvings were of foreign gods, imported by Ahab. This expensive furniture (cf. Amos 3:15) illustrated Israel's compromise of monotheism. 22:40 "slept" This is a Hebrew euphemism of death. The added phrase, "with his fathers," was a way to denote he was buried in a family tomb in his capital city.
1 Reis 22:41-44
22:41-44 "Jehoshaphat" He and his father, Asa, were, for the most part (i.e., did not remove the local high places) godly, obedient, faithful kings of Judah (v. 43). 22:43 "he did not turn aside from it" This was a Hebrew idiom for Mosaic covenant obedience. It was characterized as a clearly marked, smooth, level path (i.e., "he walked in the way"). ▣ "high places" See note at 1 Kgs. 15:14. 22:44 This was a mistake. Israel had become evil and idolatrous. Jehoshaphat should have recognized this.
1 Reis 22:45-50
22:46 NASB, Peshitta "the sodomites" "perverted persons" NRSV, NJB "male temple prostitutes" "the male and female prostitutes" REB, JPSOA "male prostitutes" — omits— The name comes from the term "Kodosh" (BDB 873 II), which means "holy" or "sacred." This was the male counterpart of the "harlots" of v. 38. Together they were part of the sexual ritual to insure the fertility of the land and herds. See full note at 1 Kgs. 14:24. SPECIAL TOPIC: FERTILITY WORSHIP OF THE ANE ▣ NASB, NJB, REB "expelled" "banished" "exterminated" "got rid of" "removed" The MT has the VERB (BDB 128, KB 145, Piel PERFECT) which means "to burn" and thereby "consume." It denotes the total removal of something or someone but does not necessarily state how. 22:48 Jehoshaphat wanted to have trading ships, as Solomon did (cf. 1 Kgs. 9:26-28; 10:22). It does not state what happened to these new ships but they were destroyed. Jeshoshaphat was not willing to share this lucrative trade possibility with Israel (v. 49).
1 Reis 22:51-53
22:52 The evil Ahaziah, son of Ahab, did was follow the idolatry of his father and mother (i.e., v. 53).