2 Crônicas 35

2 Crônicas 35

SECOND CHRONICLES The Kingdom of Israel From Splendor to Disaster Splendor Disaster King Solomon of Judah 2 Chronicles 1-9 Successive Kings of Judah 2Chr 10-36 Kingdom United Kingdom Divided 2Chr 10:1-19 Rulers of the Southern Kingdom of Judah After the Split The Exile of Judah 2Chr 36:17-23 Inaugural 2Chr 1:1-17 Solomon's Temple 2Chr 2:1-7:22 Solomon's Glory 2Chr 8:1-9:31 Building of the Temple Decline & Destruction of the Temple Temple Destroyed ~40 Years ~393 Years Chart from Jensen's Survey of the OT - used by permission Click Chart from Charles Swindoll TIMELINE OF THE BOOKS OF SAMUEL, KINGS & CHRONICLES 1107 1011 971 931 853 722 586 1Samuel 2 Samuel 1Kings 1Kings 2 Kings 31 1-4 5-10 11-20 21-24 1-11 12-22 1-17 18-25 1 Chronicles 10 1Chr 11-19 1Chr 20-29 2 Chronicles 1-9 2 Chronicles 10-20 2 Chronicles 21-36 Legend: B.C. dates at top of timeline are approximate. Note that 931BC marks the division of the Kingdom into Southern Tribes (Judah and Benjamin) and Ten Northern Tribes. To avoid confusion be aware that after the division of the Kingdom in 931BC, the Southern Kingdom is most often designated in Scripture as "Judah" and the Northern Kingdom as "Israel." Finally, note that 1 Chronicles 1-9 is not identified on the timeline because these chapters are records of genealogy. SEE ALSO: ESV chart - kings of Israel - more information ESV chart - kings of Judah - more information Another Chart with Variable Dates for Reigns of Kings 2 Chronicles 35:1 Then Josiah celebrated the Passover to the LORD in Jerusalem, and they slaughtered the Passover animals on the fourteenth day of the first month. Josiah: 2Ch 30:1-27 2Ki 23:21-23 the fourteenth: Ex 12:6 Nu 9:3 De 16:1-8 Ezr 6:19 Eze 45:21 CLICK 2 CHRONICLES COMMENTARIES FOR MULTIPLE SERMONS AND COMMENTARIES See BELOW FOR BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR 1-2 CHRONICLES - adapted from Paul Apple's Bible Outlines Related Passages: Deuteronomy 16:1-2+ 1“Observe the month of Abib and celebrate the Passover to the LORD your God, for in the month of Abib the LORD your God brought you out of Egypt by night. 2“You shall sacrifice the Passover to the LORD your God from the flock and the herd, in the place where the LORD chooses to establish His name. Leviticus 23:5+ ‘In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at twilight is the LORD’S Passover. JOSIAH'S PASSOVER CELEBRATION 2 Chronicles 35 records two major events: Josiah’s great Passover (2Ch 35:1–19) and his death at the battle of Megiddo, where he confronted Pharaoh Neco of Egypt on his way to Carchemish by the Euphrates (2Ch 35:20–27). The account runs parallel to the shorter narrative in 2 Kings 23:21–30+, which summarizes the same events in only ten verses (with only 3 verses to the Passover compared to 19 in Chronicles). Then - This account follows immediately on the renewing of the covenant. Note the progression - Josiah seeks God (age 16). Begins reforms (age 20). Temple repaired (18th year). Book of the Law found. National repentance and covenant renewal THEN: Passover is celebrated (2 Chron 35:1) Then marks the moment immediately after Josiah’s reforms and covenant renewal in his 18th year, when restored obedience naturally led to a properly observed Passover. The book of Kings records Josiah’s Passover in only three brief verses (2 Kings 23:21–23), whereas the Chronicler devotes an extended nineteen-verse account to the same event (2 Chronicles 35:1–19). This striking difference reflects a shift in emphasis: Kings presents the Passover as part of a broader historical summary of Josiah’s reforms, while Chronicles slows down to highlight the details of worship—its careful organization, adherence to the Law, the roles of priests and Levites, and the king’s personal involvement and generosity. By expanding the account, the Chronicler underscores that this Passover was not merely an event, but a model of restored, Scripture-centered worship, demonstrating that true reformation is seen most clearly in how God’s people return to His ordained patterns of worship. The Chronicler’s concern is rather to encourage the right use of the temple..., its service..., and its offerings.... Martin Selman: Since this account follows immediately on the renewing of the covenant, it appears to be part of Josiah’s movement of covenant renewal (2Ch 34:29-32). The Passover in fact gives the reform a much more positive image than in Kings, which concentrates on a crusade against idolatry (2 Kgs 23:4-27). The Chronicler’s concern is rather to encourage the right use of the temple (2Ch 35:2, 3, 8, 20), its service (2Ch 35:2, 10, 15, 16), and its offerings (2Ch 35:7, 8, 9, 12-14, 16). The Passover represents the zenith of temple worship in Chronicles (cf. 2 Chr. 30). This prominence is due partly to historical associations with the exodus (Ex 12:1- 13) and Israel’s entry into the Promised Land (Josh. 5:10-11), and partly to its place in the worship of the second temple (Ezra 6:19-22; cf. also Ezek. 45:21). The Passover in post-exilic times particularly expressed many of the Chronicler’s own emphases, such as the priority of temple worship, the reunification of the exiles, Israel’s separation form the impurities of their neighbours, and a desire to seek the Lord (cf. Ezra 6:19-22). (SEE 2 Chronicles: An Introduction and Commentary - Page 557) Josiah celebrated the Passover to the LORD in Jerusalem, and they slaughtered the Passover animals on the fourteenth day of the first month - Note this was a God-centered celebration for it was TO the LORD. In other words, it was not merely a national tradition. Ultimately it was a reflection of obedience to the covenant. In Jerusalem signifies that this was the place God had chosen for this celebration. Clearly King Josiah was restoring worship according to the Scripture, ordering things "by the book" so to speak. The Passover animals refers to the Passover lambs which were sacrificed as a memorial of Yahweh's deliverance of Israel from Egypt and was a reminder that judgment passed over Israel because of substitutionary blood of the lamb. Spiritually, the Passover pointed forward to Christ for as Paul explained “Christ our Passover also has been sacrificed” (1 Cor 5:7+) On the fourteenth day of the first month - Josiah followed exactly the command given in Exodus 12:6+ "‘You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel is to kill it at twilight." In short, Josiah’s celebration of the Passover demonstrates a return to God-centered, Scripture-ordered worship, carried out with precise obedience and pointing back to redemption through sacrifice. David