Deuteronômio 12
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik has an interesting note - In the ancient world, almost every time an animal was butchered it was sacrificed to a god. Here, the LORD made it clear that not every slaughtered animal was considered a sacrifice to Him.
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik - The practice in the ancient world, which was always short on buildings, was to take a nice building such as a temple previously used to worship a prior god, and simply make it a place to worship one’s own god. The LORD God wanted none of that in His own worship. He commanded that the places of pagan worship be completely destroyed, and that they shall not worship the LORD your God with such things. This is where the worship of many is corrupted. It isn’t that they worship too little; they worship too much. They worship the LORD, and the things of the world. God doesn’t want such worship. It is an abomination to Him....Since much of the pagan worship of the Canaanites was a sexualized worship of fertility and nature, their shrines and temples were often in beautiful outdoor settings. God didn’t want Israel to adopt this approach of worshipping the creature rather than the Creator (Romans 1:25+). THOUGHT - Many could really begin to worship God in Spirit and in truth (John 4:24), if they would only “destroy” in their hearts their pagan places of worship. Because they give their hearts to so many other things, there is little to give to the LORD. (Guzik) Sacred pillars (04676)(matstsebah from natsab = to take a stand) means something set upright, most often "a standing, unhewn block of stone utilized for religious and memorial purposes. Moses set up an altar and also twelve pillars at the base of Mount Sinai to represent the twelve tribes of Israel (Ex. 24:4). Many times in 2 Kings, the term refers to a sacred pillar that aided people in their worship of pagan gods, especially the Canaanite god Baal. In most of these passages, the sacred columns were used by Israelites, contrary to the Lord's prohibition concerning the worship of any other god (2 Ki. 3:2; 10:26, 27; 18:4; 23:14; cf. Hos. 10:1, 2; Mic. 5:13). Matstsebah refers to the obelisks which stood at the entrance to the temple of the Sun in the Egyptian city of Heliopolis (Jer. 43:13) Septuagint = stele = a commemorative stone block or pillar, monument, pillar from the time of Hom. inscribed and used as a grave marker, or for commemoration of events, Matstsebah in Deuteronomy -Deut. 7:5; Deut. 12:3; Deut. 16:22; Asherim (0842) Asherah refers to "poles" representing and/or associated with the goddess Asherah - these poles could be cut down and burned (Jdg. 6:25-26). They were made (1Ki 14:15) and set up (1Ki 14:23) after being carved (2Ki 21:7). In many cases, Asherah clearly refers to the deity and not to an image or symbol (Jdg. 3:7, 1 Ki. 18:19 and 2 Ki. 23:4). Asherah used 3x in Deuteronomy - Dt 7:5, 12:3, 16:21. Related Resources: Who was Asherah / Ashtoreth? | GotQuestions.org Wikipedia - Asherah Pole What is an Asherah pole? | GotQuestions.org Why was the worship of Baal and Asherah a constant struggle for the Israelites? | GotQuestions.org And you shall cut down the engraved images of their gods - Any vestiges of their gods left standing would serve as a continual temptation to the fallen flesh of the Israelites, especially in light of the fact that worship of their gods was usually associated with licentiousness. THOUGHT - Sadly fallen flesh quickly gravitates to licentiousness even doing so under the guise of worship. It is 2021 as I write and it is notable how many revelations of worship leaders that are well known and extremely popular are succumbing to "worship at the altar of sexual temptation." (one example, another). Worship has to be "laser focused," for Jesus made it clear you cannot serve two masters (Mt 6:24+) and God will not accept profaned worship regardless of how "beautiful" the songs sound. Engraved images (idols)(06456) pasil from pasal = to hew into shape) an image that was carved. An idol was most commonly shaped from wood or stone and represented the image of a pagan deity for the purpose of religious worship. The idols were to be burned (Dt. 7:5, 25); and cut down (Dt. 12:3); for they provoked God to anger (Ps. 78:58; Jer. 8:19); and incited Him to judgment (Jer. 51:47, 52; Micah 1:7; 5:13). The presence of these idols were indicative of the sin and rebellion of the people (2 Chr. 33:19, 22; Hos. 11:2); while the removal of such idols was a sign of repentance (2 Chr. 34:3, 4, 7; Isa. 30:22). and obliterate their name from that place - NET = "eliminate their very memory from that place." As noted in the Ex 23:13 passage they are to be so "obliterated" that the names of these abominable gods are never again even mentioned! This command reminds me of Paul's command to "abstain (present imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey) from every (how many?) form of evil." (1 Th 5:22+). What is fascinating is that the Greek word for "form" (eidos) is the root of the word eidolon, the Greek word for idol! Coincidence? I think not! Obliterate (Lxx = apollumi) (destroy, ruin) (06)(abad) is a verb meaning to perish, to be destroyed, to be ruined, to be lost, to in a state of ruin and destruction pertaining to an object, including the death (Ex 10:7). Abad can mean literally to die, or, in the case of things, reputation, etc., to pass away. In a causative sense, abad means to destroy, to reduce to some degree of disorder. God’s destruction of evil, both threatened (Lev. 26:38) and realized (Nu 17:12); Israel’s destruction of the Canaanites and their altars (Nu 33:52; Dt. 12:2, 3); the perishing of natural life (Ps. 49:10; 102:26; Eccl. 7:15); the perishing of abstract qualities such as wisdom and hope (Isa. 29:14; Lam. 3:18); and an item or animal being lost (Dt. 22:3; Eccl. 3:6) Abad in Deuteronomy - Deut. 4:26; Deut. 7:10; Deut. 7:20; Deut. 7:24; Deut. 8:19; Deut. 8:20; Deut. 9:3; Deut. 11:4; Deut. 11:17; Deut. 12:2; Deut. 12:3; Deut. 22:3; Deut. 26:5; Deut. 28:20; Deut. 28:22; Deut. 28:51; Deut. 28:63; Deut. 30:18; Deut. 32:28; NET Note - Sacred pillars. These are the stelae (stone pillars; the Hebrew term is מַצֵּבֹת, matsevot) associated with Baal worship, perhaps to mark a spot hallowed by an alleged visitation of the gods. See also Deut 7:5. Asherim - Sacred Asherah poles. The Hebrew term (plural) is אֲשֵׁרִים (’asherim). See note on the word “(leafy) tree” in Dt 12:2, and also Deut 7:5. Anything that comes between your soul and your God is your idol. -- J Vernon McGee J Vernon McGee on the continual danger of idolatry - We should not think we are immune to idolatry today. We tend to think we are such enlightened folk that we would not fall down and worship an idol. Can we be so sure about that, friends? Anything, anything that comes between our souls and God becomes an idol. I know a young man whom I saw grow up in the church and seemingly become a sweet Christian. Later he became a member of a large corporation. Because he had wonderful ability, he began to move up in the organization. The farther he moved up in the corporation, the farther he moved away from God. Today his job comes first. I was holding meetings in a distant city where he lives, and he invited Mrs. McGee and me for dinner, for old time's sake. He made it very clear to me that he would not be able to come to any of the meetings because of his business. Business, his position, his advancements -- they had become his idol, his god. Talk about worship! He fell down before that idol seven days a week! (Deuteronomy 12 Mp3's) What was the danger of the pagan religions? Religious syncretism mild begin to replace true worship of Yahweh... QUESTION - What is religious syncretism? ANSWER - Syncretism, as defined by the American Heritage Dictionary, is “the reconciliation or fusion of differing systems of belief.” This is most evident in the areas of philosophy and religion, and usually results in a new teaching or belief system. Obviously, this cannot be reconciled to biblical Christianity. Religious syncretism often takes place when foreign beliefs are introduced to an indigenous belief system and the teachings are blended. The new, heterogeneous religion then takes a shape of its own. This has been seen most clearly in Roman Catholic missionary history. Take, for example, the Roman Catholic Church’s proselytizing of animistic South America. Threatened with the fear of death, natives were baptized into the church by the tens of thousands without any preaching of the Gospel whatsoever. Former temples were razed, with Catholic shrines and chapels built on the same spot. Natives were allowed to substitute praying to saints instead of gods of water, earth and air, and replaced their former idols with new images of the Roman Catholic Church. Yet, the animistic religion the natives had formerly practiced was never fully replaced—it was adapted into Catholic teachings, and this new belief system was allowed to flourish. More recently, religious syncretism can be seen in such religious systems as the New Age, Hinduism, Unitarianism, and Christian Science. These religions are a blending of multiple different belief systems, and are continually evolving as the philosophies of mankind rise and fall in popularity. Therein lies the problem, for syncretism relies on the whim of man, not the standard of Scripture. The Bible makes it very clear what true religion is. Think on just a few things stated in Scripture: "Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind" (Deuteronomy 6:5; Matthew 22:37); "Jesus replied, 'I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me'" (John 14:6); "Jesus did many other miraculous signs in the presence of his disciples, which are not recorded in this book. But these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name" (John 20:31); and “Salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to men by which we must be saved" (Acts 4:12). Religious syncretism is simply not compatible with true Christianity. In fact, any modification to biblical law and principle for the sake of a “better” religion is heresy (Revelation 22:18-19). GotQuestions.org
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik - Worship was not left to the opinion or whim of the individual Israelite. They had to worship God at His prescribed place, and among other worshippers of God. Worship is not a “do as you please” or a “Lone Ranger” activity.
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik - The place of worship was to be a place of atonement, confession (which was made when hands were laid on the head of the sacrificial victim), and cleansing. (ED: NOTE WHAT THIS PRACTICE WAS TEACHING ISRAEL -- THEY NEED A "PERFECT" SUBSTITUTE! CLEARLY THIS POINTED TO THEIR MESSIAH, THE LAMB OF GOD - Isaiah 53+, Jn 1:29+). your sacrifices - These are partially burned and partially consumed and could be sin offerings, peace offerings, thanksgiving offerings. See What were the various sacrifices in the Old Testament? | GotQuestions.org your tithes - This provided support for the priests whose only inheritance was Yahweh! See also What is the difference between tithes and offerings? | GotQuestions.org Guzik - The place of worship was to be a place of giving. Of course, there were other places where an Israelite could give and be generous, but giving had to begin at the place of worship God has appointed.i. Some have thought that because Deuteronomy 12:6 mentions your tithes, that this is an additional tithe which was commanded of Israel, on top of the tithe commanded in Numbers 18. Some even call this the “festival tithe.” But in context, this passage is only speaking of where to bring the tithe, not commanding an additional one to be brought. the contribution of your hand - These are literally "heave offerings of your hand" (Lev 7:32+) and is a picture of a part of the sacrifice raised up and offered to the priests for their consumption. (see "Related Resources" below) Believer's Study Bible - The "heave offering" (terumah, Heb.), perhaps "lifted up" or just presented to the Lord, could consist of the thigh of the right hind leg as Lev 7:32, unleavened cakes (Lev 7:13, 14; Nu 15:19-21), the tithe (Nu 18:24), sanctuary building materials (Ex. 25:2, 3), land (translated "district" in Ezek. 45:1; 48:8), etc. Contribution (offering, heave offering) (08641) terumah from rum = to be high or exalted, depicts something being lifted up as one would do in an offering) is a feminine noun that means offering, the first use referring to the contributions from the sons of Israel to God for the building of the Tabernacle (Ex 25:2-3). Terumah describes a number of different offerings - contribution of materials for building (Ex 25:2; 35:5); an animal for sacrifice (Ex. 29:27; Nu 6:20); the thigh part of the animal to the priest (Lev 10:14); a shekel as a contribution to the LORD (Ex 30:13-15 - the purpose of the offering being to atone); gold for the priests (Nu 31:52); land for the priests (Ezek. 45:6, 7); the offering of war booty (Nu 31:29) and materials for an idol (Isa 40:20)! In one instance, this word is used to describe a ruler who "takes bribes" ("demands contributions" - HCSB) (Pr. 29:4). In Ex 29:27-28 the NAS translates terumah as heave offering an older English phrase that reflects the root verb rum which means "to be high" or in the Hiphil "to lift up." The idea is that the heave offering represented a part separated from the main offering Deut 12:6, 11, 17 your votive offerings, - (see "Related Resources" below) "This is an example of a conditional vow to God, “I’ll do this, if You will do that.” This is the Jews keeping their part of the vow (Lev. 7:16–18)." (Utley ) your freewill offerings - (see "Related Resources" below) "This refers to an offering in thanks or praise from one who was overwhelmed with the goodness of God (cf. Lev. 22:18ff)." (Utley ) and the firstborn of your herd and of your flock - Give God the first and the best. Everything they (we) had was from Him and thus it was only right to give the first back to Him.
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik - Before Israel crossed over the Jordan, during the wilderness wanderings, each Israelite pretty much conducted their own worship as they pleased. But God was not really pleased with this; worship was not a matter left up to whatever pleased the individual. Real worship is concerned with what pleases God. Much of what is called worship in today’s church really isn’t worship. It is self-focused, man-focused, and personal-experience-focused instead of being God focused. Much of today’s worship is measured by how I feel instead of being measured by how God was honored and worshipped.
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik - A particular place is important to worship. The man who tells himself, “I can worship God just as well out on the golf course” is a man doing whatever is right in his own eyes. It is fine for him to worship God out on the golf course; but there must also be a specific place where he comes to worship with God’s people.. This goes against the trend of our times. Studies find that among baby-boomers, 70% say that you should attend worship services not out of a sense of duty, but only if it “meets your needs.” 80% say you can be a good Christian without attending church. and He gives you rest from all your enemies around you so that you live in security - Note that "rest" is (1) divine or supernatural gift from Yahweh and (2) is associated with a real sense of security. THOUGHT - Real rest, soul rest is always a gift from the Lord, not our pleasant circumstances, our successes, our ingenuity, etc. Have you entered the secure supernatural rest provided by Jesus? Are you trusting in the arm of flesh for security (leaning on your own understanding) or are you trusting in the strong arm of the LORD. True rest of one's spirit is not related to one's great wealth, one's great power or a country's military might but is a gift of grace from the LORD. Rely on Him and rest in Him! Whether you are a believer or unbeliever, hear and respond to Jesus... Come to Me, all who are weary and heavy-laden, and I will give you rest. 29“Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and YOU WILL FIND REST FOR YOUR SOULS. 30 “For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.” (Mt 11:28-30+). (Song or another) JESUS' REST GREATER THAN MOSES or JOSHUA MOSES JOSHUA JESUS No Rest Nu 14:33, 34+ Rest from War Dt 12:10+, Josh 23:1+ Rest for soul Mt 11:28-30+ Wandering Forty Years Nu 32:13+ Victory over Physical Enemies Josh 11:23+, Josh 12:1, 2+ Victory over Spiritual Enemies Ro 6:17,18+, He 2:14, 15+, Ga 6:14+ Wilderness Death Nu 14:35+ Promised Land Josh 5:6NIV+ Promised Life Col 3:4+ Deuteronomy 12:11 then it shall come about that the place in which the LORD your God will choose for His name to dwell, there you shall bring all that I command you: your burnt offerings and your sacrifices, your tithes and the contribution of your hand, and all your choice votive offerings which you will vow to the LORD. place: De 12:5,14,18,21,26 14:23 15:20 16:2-8 17:8 18:6 23:16 26:2 31:11 Jos 18:1 1Ki 8:13,29 Ps 78:68 Jer 7:12 Joh 4:20-23 Deuteronomy 12 Resources Then - Sequence. Progression of the narrative. It shall come about that the place in which the LORD your God will choose (see bahar/bachar) for His name to dwell - Moses is referring to a the centralized place of worship which was first at Shiloh. there you shall bring all that I command you: your burnt offerings and your sacrifices, your tithes and the contribution (terumah) of your hand, and all your choice votive offerings which you will vow to the LORD - No offering were to be carried out at the pagan altars or places so (so-called) worship. Deuteronomy 12:12 "And you shall rejoice before the LORD your God, you and your sons and daughters, your male and female servants, and the Levite who is within your gates, since he has no portion or inheritance with you. Nu 18:20,23,24,26 Jos 13:14,33 14:4 and your sons: Dt 12:7 Dt 14:26-27, Dt 28:47 1Ki 8:66 2Ch 29:36 30:21-26 Ne 8:10-12 Ps 100:1,2 Ps 147:1 1Jn 1:3,4 the Levite: De 12:19 14:27,29 16:11,14 18:6 26:12 since : De 10:9 18:1,2 Deuteronomy 12 Resources Related Passages: Deuteronomy 14:26-27“You may spend the money for whatever your heart desires: for oxen, or sheep, or wine, or strong drink, or whatever your heart desires; and there you shall eat in the presence of the LORD your God and rejoice, you and your household. 27“Also you shall not neglect the Levite who is in your town, for he has no portion or inheritance among you. Deuteronomy 28:47 “Because you did not serve the LORD your God with joy and a glad heart, for the abundance of all things; GOD'S LAWS DON'T OPPRESS BUT BRING JOY And you shall rejoice before the LORD your God, you and your sons and daughters, your male and female servants, and the Levite who is within your gates, since he has no portion or inheritance with you - (See Dt 12:7 and Dt 12:18). Note that everyone is included in this rejoicing before the LORD. Guzik - The emphasis on shall shows that rejoicing is commanded. It is also commanded in the New Testament; Rejoice always (1 Thessalonians 5:16); Rejoice in the Lord always. Again I will say, rejoice! (Philippians 4:4). If you can’t rejoice out of feeling like it, then rejoice out of being commanded. John
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik - Since the blood was the picture of life in any animal or man (for the blood is the life), God would not allow Israel to eat meat that had not been properly bled. Instead, it was to be given to God by pouring it out on the earth. NET Note - the blood is the life - This is a figure of speech (metonymy) in which the cause or means (the blood) stands for the result or effect (life). That is, life depends upon the existence and circulation of blood, a truth known empirically but not scientifically tested and proved until the 17th century A.D. (cf. Lev 17:11). Believer's Study Bible - Blood was the symbol of life, so that to shed blood was equal to taking away life. Accordingly, atonement for sin and eternal life were dependent upon the shedding of blood-life for life (cf. Ge. 9:4, 5, Acts 15:20; Lev. 17:10-14; 1 Sa 14:31-35; Heb. 9:22). Thus, to eat blood was to profane or make common that sacred act of atonement by which man comes to God. The blood was to be carefully carried to the altar to be disposed of by the officiating priests, or it was to be quietly poured into the earth.
Deuteronômio 12
Guzik - This referred to the practice of Molech worship, where Canaanites offered up their children by placing them alive on a burning hot metal statue of Molech, while drum beats drowned out the screams of the tortured infants.. Israel had a tragic history of following after this horrible god Molech. At the least, Solomon sanctioned the worship of Molech, building a temple to this idol (1 Kings 11:7). King Ahaz of Judah gave his own son to Molech (2 Kings 16:3). One of the great crimes of the northern tribes of Israel was their worship of Molech, leading to the Assyrian captivity (2 Kings 17:17). King Manasseh of Judah gave his son to Molech (2 Kings 21:6). Up to the days of King Josiah of Judah, Molech worship continued, because he destroyed a place of worship to that idol (2 Kings 23:10). TSK - The unnatural and horrid practice of offering human sacrifices not only existed, but universally prevailed among ancient nations. We have already (Lev 20:2) referred to the custom among the Phoenicians and Carthaginians, descendants from the Canaanitish nations, of sacrificing their children to Moloch, or Saturn; and we will now cite a passage from Diodorus Siculus, (lib. xx.) which immediately precedes that already produced relative to this barbarous custom. He states that the Carthaginians imputed their being besieged by Agathocles to the anger of Saturn, because, instead of sacrificing the best of their own children, as formerly, they had sacrificed children bought for that purpose. "In haste, therefore, to rectify their errors, they chose 200 of the noblest children, and publicly sacrificed them! Others, accused of irreligion, voluntarily gave themselves up, to the number of no less than 300!"