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John Trapp · Citado em PreceptAustin
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Trapp - David was ever too fond a father, and he smarted for it.” And he was also a very handsome man - Saul and Absalom were also handsome (1Sa 9:2, 2Sa 14:25) and look where it got them! and he was born after Absalom - In other words, since Absalom as the eldest but was now dead, Adonijah was in theory the next in line to be king. Rod Mattoon - The Failure to Discipline Your Children Leads to Problems When you fail to discipline your kids, you are showing your hatred for them. That sounds weird and is totally, politically incorrect, but this is what God says. Proverbs 13:24—He that spareth his rod hateth his son: but he that loveth him chasteneth him betimes. Why does this show hate? Your kids will grow up expecting to get their own way and this is not going to happen. They will be selfish, irresponsible, wild, unhappy, frustrated, and have difficulty in getting along with other people. Their actions could lead to a broken marriage, difficulty in keeping a job, jail, or imprisonment. Proverbs 29:15—The rod and reproof give wisdom: but a child left to himself bringeth his mother to shame. Proverbs 29:17—Correct thy son, and he shall give thee rest; yea, he shall give delight unto thy soul. When you spare the rod on your misbehaving or rebellious child, you bring it upon yourself eventually. David's neglect has brought the rod upon himself. (Mattoon's Treasures – Treasures from 1 Kings.) 1 Kings 1:7 He had conferred with Joab the son of Zeruiah and with Abiathar the priest; and following Adonijah they helped him. conferred: Heb. his words were, 2Sa 15:12 Ps 2:2 Joab: 1Ki 2:28 2Sa 8:16 20:23 Abiathar: 1Sa 22:20-23 2Sa 15:24-29,35 20:25 helped him: Heb. helped after Adonijah, 1Ki 2:22,26-35 Related Passages: 1Ki 2:5-6 “Now you also know what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me, what he did to the two commanders of the armies of Israel, to Abner the son of Ner, and to Amasa the son of Jether, whom he killed; he also shed the blood of war in peace. And he put the blood of war on his belt about his waist, and on his sandals on his feet. 6“So act according to your wisdom, and do not let his gray hair go down to Sheol in peace. CO-CONSPIRATORS WITH ADONIJAH, JOAB AND ABIATHAR He had conferred with Joab the son of Zeruiah and with Abiathar the priest; and following Adonijah they helped him - To be sure there is wisdom in an abundance of counselors but not if they are not godly, wise counselors which clearly Joab and Abiathar were not (cf James 3:13-18+). They knew that David's (God's) choice to succeed him was Solomon, not Adonijah. How foolish they both were to go against God's choice and God's will. It is always a costly mistake to go against the will of God which is good, acceptable and perfect (Ro 12:2b+)! Joab was David's nephew, and commander of David's army (2Sa 2:13+) so this act by Joab was in a sense rebellion against the king. With David's favor turned against him ( 2Sa 19:13+), Joab found it easy to follow Adonijah. Abiathar also joined the conspiracy, apparently judging that Adonijah, as the logical successor to David, could muster sufficient strength to win the crown.
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Trapp points out that "So far was David from hatred of the truth, that he loved Nathan the better for his plain dealing while he lived, gave him free access to his bed-chamber, and now nameth him a commissioner for the declaring of his successor." 1 Kings 1:23 They told the king, saying, "Here is Nathan the prophet." And when he came in before the king, he prostrated himself before the king with his face to the ground. he prostrated himself 1Ki 1:16 Ro 13:7 1Pe 2:17 NATHAN BOWS BEFORE DAVID They told the king, saying, "Here is Nathan the prophet." And when he came in before the king, he prostrated (shachah; Lxx - proskuneo) himself before the king with his face to the ground - Nathan enters with reverence just as Bathsheba had done in 1Ki 1:16. 1 Kings 1:24 Then Nathan said, "My lord the king, have you said, 'Adonijah shall be king after me, and he shall sit on my throne'? LXE 1 Kings 1:24 And Nathan said, My lord, O king, didst thou say, Adonias shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne? KJV 1 Kings 1:24 And Nathan said, My lord, O king, hast thou said, Adonijah shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne? NET 1 Kings 1:24 Nathan said, "My master, O king, did you announce, 'Adonijah will be king after me; he will sit on my throne'? CSB 1 Kings 1:24 "My lord the king," Nathan said, "did you say, 'Adonijah is to become king after me, and he is the one who is to sit on my throne'? ESV 1 Kings 1:24 And Nathan said, "My lord the king, have you said, 'Adonijah shall reign after me, and he shall sit on my throne'? NIV 1 Kings 1:24 Nathan said, "Have you, my lord the king, declared that Adonijah shall be king after you, and that he will sit on your throne? NLT 1 Kings 1:24 Nathan asked, "My lord the king, have you decided that Adonijah will be the next king and that he will sit on your throne? have you said,: 1Ki 1:14,18 reign: 1Ki 1:5,13,17 NATHAN BEGINS WITH A QUESTION Then Nathan said, "My lord the king, have you said, 'Adonijah shall be king after me, and he shall sit on my throne - This is clearly a "setup" question, for Nathan knows the answer. But now David in a sense has "two witnesses" who are saying the same thing about Adonijah. 1 Kings 1:25 "For he has gone down today and has sacrificed oxen and fatlings and sheep in abundance, and has invited all the king's sons and the commanders of the army and Abiathar the priest, and behold, they are eating and drinking before him; and they say, 'Long live King Adonijah!' sacrificed oxen: 1Ki 1:9,19 1Sa 11:14,15 1Ch 29:21-13 Long live King Adonijah: Heb. Let king Adonijah live, 1Ki 1:34 1Sa 10:24 2Sa 16:16 2Ki 11:12 2Ch 23:11 *margins Mt 21:9 Mk 11:9,10 Lu 19:38 NATHAN EXPLAINS THE PLOT IS UNFOLDING NOW For - Term of explanation, explaining why he asked the king the question about Adonijah. he has gone down today and has sacrificed oxen and fatlings and sheep in abundance, and has invited all the king's sons and the commanders of the army and Abiathar the priest, and behold (hinneh; Lxx - idou) they are eating and drinking before him; and they say, 'Long live King Adonijah - Long live King Adonijah would have be an affirmation of loyalty to Adonijah (cf 1Sa 10:24; 1Ki 1:25,34,39). And so here Nathan is more specific than Bathsheba was and not only implies Joab (king's...commanders) is involved but the king's priest Abiathar is also involved in what is in effect a conspiracy (a secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful.) 1 Kings 1:26 "But me, even me your servant, and Zadok the priest and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada and your servant Solomon, he has not invited. 1Ki 1:8,19 2Sa 7:2,12-17 12:25 NATHAN ASSURES DAVID LOYAL MEN WERE DISINVITED But me, even me your servant, and Zadok the priest and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada and your servant Solomon, he has not invited - Nathan explains the names that did not make Adonijah's guest list to his coronation celebration. The king might be old, but he is surely putting two and two together and beginning to realize that what Bathsheba expressed as fears in 1Ki 1:21 could soon become a reality. 1 Kings 1:27 "Has this thing been done by my lord the king, and you have not shown to your servants who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?" BGT 1 Kings 1:27 εἰ διὰ τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως γέγονεν τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο καὶ οὐκ ἐγνώρισας τῷ δούλῳ σου τίς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως μετ᾽ αὐτόν LXE 1 Kings 1:27 Has this matter happened by the authority of my lord the king, and hast thou not made known to thy servant who shall sit upon the throne of my lord the king after him? KJV 1 Kings 1:27 Is this thing done by my lord the king, and thou hast not shewed it unto thy servant, who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him? NET 1 Kings 1:27 Has my master the king authorized this without informing your servants who should succeed my master the king on his throne?" CSB 1 Kings 1:27 I'm certain my lord the king would not have let this happen without letting your servant know who will sit on my lord the king's throne after him." ESV 1 Kings 1:27 Has this thing been brought about by my lord the king and you have not told your servants who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?" NIV 1 Kings 1:27 Is this something my lord the king has done without letting his servants know who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?" NLT 1 Kings 1:27 Has my lord the king really done this without letting any of his officials know who should be the next king?" you have not shown to your servants 1Ki 1:24 2Ki 4:27 Joh 15:15 Related Passage: Deuteronomy 19:15 “A single witness shall not rise up against a man on account of any iniquity or any sin which he has committed; on the evidence of two or three witnesses a matter shall be confirmed. NATHAN ASKS ANOTHER PROBING QUESTION Has this thing been done by my lord the king, and you have not shown to your servants who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him - NET = "Has my master the king authorized this without informing your servants who should succeed my master the king on his throne?" This is a fair question from Nathan, because he does not know if the king had changed his mind from Solomon to Adonijah. David waits until he hears two reports against Adonijah. He doesn’t just respond with Bathsheba’s report. It’s not until Nathan give his report that he acts. 1 Kings 1:28 Then King David said, "Call Bathsheba to me." And she came into the king's presence and stood before the king. AGED DAVID UNDERSTANDS & CALLS BATHSHEBA Then King David said, "Call Bathsheba to me." And she came into the king's presence and stood before the king - Presumably when Nathan entered, Bathsheba withdrew so is now called in again. 1 Kings 1:29 The king vowed and said, "As the LORD lives, who has redeemed my life from all distress, LXE 1 Kings 1:29 And the king swore, and said, As the Lord lives who redeemed my soul out of all affliction, KJV 1 Kings 1:29 And the king sware, and said, As the LORD liveth, that hath redeemed my soul out of all distress, NET 1 Kings 1:29 The king swore an oath: "As certainly as the LORD lives (he who has rescued me from every danger), CSB 1 Kings 1:29 The king swore an oath and said, "As the LORD lives, who has redeemed my life from every difficulty, ESV 1 Kings 1:29 And the king swore, saying, "As the LORD lives, who has redeemed my soul out of every adversity, NIV 1 Kings 1:29 The king then took an oath: "As surely as the LORD lives, who has delivered me out of every trouble, NLT 1 Kings 1:29 And the king repeated his vow: "As surely as the LORD lives, who has rescued me from every danger, As the LORD lives: 1Ki 2:24 17:1 18:10 Jdg 8:19 1Sa 14:39,45 19:6 20:21 2Sa 12:5 2Ki 4:30 5:16,20 who has redeemed my life: Ge 48:16 2Sa 4:9 Ps 34:19-22 72:14 136:24 138:7 DAVID MAKES A DIVINE VOW The king vowed and said, "As the LORD lives, who has redeemed my life from all distress - Even in his oath David acknowledges it is the living LORD Who had rescued him from every danger, and his situation would classify as one that was dangerous for those not allied with Adonijah. With this solemn vow David confirmed the promise he had made to Bathsheba, that her son Solomon would become the next king.
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Trapp - Adonijah’s feast, as all wicked men’s, endeth in horror; for the last dish, is served up astonishment and fearful expectation of just revenge.” IVP Background Commentary - noise in the city. Though En Rogel is only 250 yards from the southern wall of the city, it is much lower in elevation (near the southwestern end of the foot of the modern village of Silwan). Neither the activity in the city nor that at Gihon can be observed from that vantage point. Nonetheless, the commotion would easily carry across the valley. 1 Kings 1:42 While he was still speaking, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came. Then Adonijah said, "Come in, for you are a valiant man and bring good news." BGT 1 Kings 1:42 ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος καὶ ἰδοὺ Ιωναθαν υἱὸς Αβιαθαρ τοῦ ἱερέως ἦλθεν καὶ εἶπεν Αδωνιας εἴσελθε ὅτι ἀνὴρ δυνάμεως εἶ σύ καὶ ἀγαθὰ εὐαγγέλισαι LXE 1 Kings 1:42 While he was yet speaking, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came in: and Adonias said, Come in, for thou art a mighty man, and thou comest to bring glad tidings. KJV 1 Kings 1:42 And while he yet spake, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came: and Adonijah said unto him, Come in; for thou art a valiant man, and bringest good tidings. NET 1 Kings 1:42 As he was still speaking, Jonathan son of Abiathar the priest arrived. Adonijah said, "Come in, for an important man like you must be bringing good news." CSB 1 Kings 1:42 He was still speaking when Jonathan son of Abiathar the priest, suddenly arrived. Adonijah said, "Come in, for you are an excellent man, and you must be bringing good news." ESV 1 Kings 1:42 While he was still speaking, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came. And Adonijah said, "Come in, for you are a worthy man and bring good news." NIV 1 Kings 1:42 Even as he was speaking, Jonathan son of Abiathar the priest arrived. Adonijah said, "Come in. A worthy man like you must be bringing good news." NLT 1 Kings 1:42 And while he was still speaking, Jonathan son of Abiathar the priest arrived. "Come in," Adonijah said to him, "for you are a good man. You must have good news." Jonathan: 2Sa 15:36 17:17 a valiant: 1Ki 22:18 2Sa 18:27 2Ki 9:22 Isa 57:21 1Th 5:2,3 JONATHAN DOES NOT BRING GOOD NEWS While he was still speaking, behold (hinneh; Lxx - idou), Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came - Recall Abiathar has thrown in his lot with a loser, Adonijah. Then Adonijah said, "Come in, for you are a valiant man and bring good news - Adonijah does not seem to have a clue at what has just transpired. Adonijah's greeting was filled with optimism as he declared "Come in, for an important man like you must be bringing good news." 1 Kings 1:43 But Jonathan replied to Adonijah, "No! Our lord King David has made Solomon king. LXE 1 Kings 1:43 And Jonathan answered and said, Verily our lord king David has made Solomon king: KJV 1 Kings 1:43 And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah, Verily our lord king David hath made Solomon king. NET 1 Kings 1:43 Jonathan replied to Adonijah: "No! Our master King David has made Solomon king. CSB 1 Kings 1:43 "Unfortunately not," Jonathan answered him. "Our lord King David has made Solomon king. ESV 1 Kings 1:43 Jonathan answered Adonijah, "No, for our lord King David has made Solomon king, NIV 1 Kings 1:43 "Not at all!" Jonathan answered. "Our lord King David has made Solomon king. NLT 1 Kings 1:43 "Not at all!" Jonathan replied. "Our lord King David has just declared Solomon king! No: 1Ki 1:32-40 THE JIG IS UP! But - Term of contrast, a small word on which a huge door would swing shut on Adonijah's attempts to usurp the throne! Jonathan replied to Adonijah, "No! - CSB paraphrases it "Unfortunately not" NLT - "Not at all!" In fact as they say "The jig is up!" Our lord King David has made Solomon king - The valiant man clearly states King David's decision regarding who was the real king.